El tratamiento taxonómico [3] (designación y secuencia de órdenes, familias y especies) y la nomenclatura (nombres comunes y científicos) utilizados en las listas de aves que acompañan se adhieren a las convenciones de la Lista de verificación de aves de América del Norte de la AOS (2019) , la autoridad científica reconocida en la taxonomía y nomenclatura de las aves de América del Norte. El Comité de Clasificación y Nomenclatura de la AOS, el organismo responsable de mantener y actualizar la Lista de verificación , "continúa respaldando firme y unánimemente el concepto de especie biológica (BSC), en el que las especies se consideran grupos de poblaciones genéticamente cohesivos que están aislados reproductivamente de otros grupos similares" (AOS 2019). La taxonomía de Sibley-Ahlquist es una disposición filogenética alternativa basada en la hibridación ADN-ADN.
A menos que se indique lo contrario, se considera que todas las especies que se enumeran a continuación se encuentran regularmente en América del Norte como residentes permanentes, residentes o visitantes de verano o invierno, o migrantes. Los siguientes códigos se utilizan para indicar ciertas categorías de especies:
(A) = Ocurrencia accidental basada en uno o dos registros (raramente más) y es poco probable que ocurra con regularidad.
(E) = Extinto ; un miembro reciente de la avifauna que ya no existe.
(Ex) = Extirpado ; ya no se encuentra en el área de interés, pero aún existen otras poblaciones en otros lugares.
(I) = Población introducida establecida únicamente como resultado de la intervención humana directa o indirecta; sinónimo de no nativa y no indígena.
Los tinamús son uno de los grupos de aves más antiguos. Aunque se parecen a otras aves terrestres como las codornices y los urogallos, no tienen parientes cercanos y se clasifican como una sola familia, Tinamidae, dentro de su propio orden, los Tinamiformes. Están relacionados con las ratites (orden Struthioniformes ), que incluye a los ñandúes , los emúes y los kiwis .
Los patos chillones son una pequeña familia de aves emparentadas con los patos. Son aves grandes y corpulentas, con una cabeza pequeña y aterciopelada, patas largas y pies grandes que solo están parcialmente palmeados. Tienen grandes espolones en las alas que utilizan en las peleas por parejas y en las disputas territoriales.
La familia Anatidae incluye a los patos y a la mayoría de las aves acuáticas similares a ellos, como los gansos y los cisnes. Estas aves están adaptadas a la vida acuática gracias a sus patas palmeadas, su pico aplanado y sus plumas, que son excelentes para desprenderse del agua gracias a unos aceites especiales.
Las pavas, chachalacas y paujiles son aves de la familia Cracidae. Son aves grandes, de apariencia general similar a los pavos. Las pavas y los paujiles viven en árboles, pero las chachalacas, más pequeñas, se encuentran en hábitats más abiertos y con matorrales. Por lo general, tienen un plumaje opaco, pero los paujiles y algunas pavas tienen adornos faciales coloridos.
Las gallinas de Guinea son un grupo de aves africanas que se alimentan de semillas y anidan en el suelo. Se parecen a las perdices, pero tienen la cabeza sin plumas y un plumaje gris salpicado.
Las codornices del Nuevo Mundo son aves terrestres pequeñas y regordetas, sólo lejanamente relacionadas con las codornices del Viejo Mundo, pero que reciben su nombre por su apariencia y hábitos similares.
Phasianidae está formada por los faisanes y sus parientes. Son especies terrestres, de tamaño variable pero generalmente regordetas, con alas anchas y relativamente cortas. Muchas especies son aves de caza o han sido domesticadas como fuente de alimento para los seres humanos.
Los flamencos (género Phoenicopterus, monotípico de la familia Phoenicopteridae) son aves zancudas gregarias, que miden entre 0,9 y 1,5 m de altura y que habitan tanto en el hemisferio occidental como en el oriental. Los flamencos se alimentan por filtración de mariscos y algas. Sus picos de forma extraña están especialmente adaptados para separar el barro y el cieno de los alimentos que consumen y, excepcionalmente, los utilizan al revés.
Los zampullines son aves buceadoras de tamaño pequeño a mediano. Se reproducen en agua dulce, pero suelen visitar el mar durante la migración y en invierno. Tienen dedos lobulados y son excelentes nadadores y buceadores; sin embargo, sus patas están ubicadas muy atrás en sus cuerpos, lo que los hace bastante desgarbados en tierra.
Las gangas tienen cabezas y cuellos pequeños, como los de las palomas, pero cuerpos robustos y compactos. Tienen alas largas y puntiagudas y, a veces, cola, y un vuelo rápido y directo. Las bandadas vuelan hacia los abrevaderos al amanecer y al anochecer. Sus patas están cubiertas de plumas hasta los dedos de los pies.
Los chotacabras son aves nocturnas de tamaño mediano que suelen anidar en el suelo. Tienen alas largas, patas cortas y pico muy corto. La mayoría tienen patas pequeñas, de poca utilidad para caminar, y alas largas y puntiagudas. Su plumaje suave tiene colores crípticos que recuerdan a la corteza o las hojas.
El guácharo es un ave delgada y de alas largas emparentada con los chotacabras. Es de hábitos nocturnos y se alimenta especialmente del fruto de la palma aceitera .
Los nicotís (a veces llamados "pobrecitos") son grandes aves casi paseriformes emparentadas con los chotacabras y los sapobos. Son insectívoros nocturnos que carecen de las cerdas alrededor de la boca que tienen los verdaderos chotacabras.
Los vencejos son pájaros pequeños que pasan la mayor parte de su vida volando. Tienen patas muy cortas y nunca se posan voluntariamente en el suelo, sino que se posan solo en superficies verticales. Muchos vencejos tienen alas largas y en flecha que se asemejan a una medialuna o a un bumerán.
Rallidae es una gran familia de aves de tamaño pequeño a mediano que incluye rascones, polluelas, fochas y calamones. Los miembros más típicos de la familia ocupan vegetación densa en ambientes húmedos cerca de lagos, pantanos o ríos. En general son aves tímidas y reservadas, lo que las hace difíciles de observar. La mayoría de las especies tienen patas fuertes y dedos largos que se adaptan bien a superficies blandas e irregulares. Suelen tener alas cortas y redondeadas y ser voladores débiles.
El limpkin es un ave extraña que se parece a un rascón grande , pero que tiene un esqueleto más parecido al de las grullas . Se encuentra en pantanos con algunos árboles o matorrales en el Caribe , Sudamérica y el sur de Florida .
Las grullas son aves grandes, de patas y cuellos largos. A diferencia de las garzas, que tienen un aspecto similar pero no están relacionadas con ellas, las grullas vuelan con el cuello estirado, no hacia atrás. La mayoría de ellas realizan exhibiciones o "bailes" de cortejo elaborados y ruidosos.
Las limícolas de rodillas gruesas son un grupo de aves limícolas que se encuentran en todo el mundo dentro de la zona tropical, y algunas especies también se reproducen en Europa templada y Australia. Son aves limícolas de tamaño mediano a grande con picos negros o amarillo-negros, ojos grandes y amarillos y plumaje críptico. A pesar de estar clasificadas como limícolas, la mayoría de las especies tienen preferencia por hábitats áridos o semiáridos.
Recurvirostridae es una familia de aves zancudas de gran tamaño, que incluye a las avocetas y las cigüeñuelas. Las avocetas tienen patas largas y picos largos y curvados hacia arriba. Las cigüeñuelas tienen patas extremadamente largas y picos largos, delgados y rectos.
La familia Charadriidae incluye a los chorlitos, chorlitos carambolo y avefrías. Son aves de tamaño pequeño a mediano con cuerpos compactos, cuellos cortos y gruesos y alas largas, generalmente puntiagudas. Se encuentran en espacios abiertos en todo el mundo, principalmente en hábitats cerca del agua.
Las jacanas son un grupo de aves limícolas que se encuentran en todo el mundo dentro de la zona tropical. Se las identifica por sus enormes patas y garras que les permiten caminar sobre la vegetación flotante en los lagos poco profundos que constituyen su hábitat preferido.
Scolopacidae es una familia grande y diversa de aves playeras de tamaño pequeño a mediano que incluye a los zarapitos, zarapitos reales, zarapitos reales, chacales, chochas, agachadizas, zarapitos reales y falaropos. La mayoría de estas especies se alimentan de pequeños invertebrados que recogen del barro o del suelo. Las diferentes longitudes de patas y picos permiten que varias especies se alimenten en el mismo hábitat, especialmente en la costa, sin competencia directa por el alimento.
Las canasteras tienen patas cortas, alas muy largas y puntiagudas y colas largas y bifurcadas. Su característica más inusual para las aves clasificadas como limícolas es que suelen cazar a sus presas de insectos en vuelo, como las golondrinas , aunque también pueden alimentarse en el suelo. Sus picos cortos son una adaptación a la alimentación aérea.
Las skúas son aves de tamaño mediano a grande, generalmente de plumaje gris o marrón, a menudo con marcas blancas en las alas. Tienen picos alargados con puntas en forma de gancho y patas palmeadas con garras afiladas. Parecen gaviotas grandes y oscuras, pero tienen una cera carnosa sobre la mandíbula superior. Son voladores fuertes y acrobáticos.
Los alcas son superficialmente similares a los pingüinos debido a sus colores blanco y negro, su postura erguida y algunos de sus hábitos, sin embargo, solo están lejanamente emparentados con los pingüinos y pueden volar. Las alcas viven en mar abierto y solo salen deliberadamente a la costa para anidar.
Laridae es una familia de aves marinas de tamaño mediano a grande que incluye gaviotas, charranes, gaviotas tridáctilas y rayadoras. Las gaviotas suelen ser grises o blancas, a menudo con marcas negras en la cabeza o las alas. Tienen picos robustos y alargados y patas palmeadas. Los charranes son un grupo de aves marinas generalmente de tamaño mediano a grande, generalmente con plumaje gris o blanco, a menudo con marcas negras en la cabeza. La mayoría de los charranes cazan peces buceando, pero algunos recogen insectos de la superficie del agua dulce. Los charranes son generalmente aves de larga vida, y se sabe que varias especies viven más de 30 años. Los rayadores son una pequeña familia de aves tropicales similares a los charranes. Tienen una mandíbula inferior alargada que utilizan para alimentarse volando bajo sobre la superficie del agua y rozando el agua en busca de peces pequeños.
El avetoro es un ave parecida al avetoro de las regiones tropicales de América y el único miembro de la familia Eurypygidae (a veces escrito Eurypigidae) y del género Eurypyga .
Los rabijuncos son aves blancas y esbeltas que habitan en océanos tropicales y que tienen plumas centrales en la cola excepcionalmente largas. Su cabeza y sus largas alas tienen marcas negras.
The penguins are a group of aquatic, flightless birds living almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere. Most penguins feed on krill, fish, squid, and other forms of sealife caught while swimming underwater.
Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost helpless on land.
The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.
The southern storm-petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like. Until 2018, this family's three species were included with the other storm-petrels in family Hydrobatidae.
Though the members of this family are similar in many respects to the southern storm-petrels, including their general appearance and habits, there are enough genetic differences to warrant their placement in a separate family.
The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.
Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and are mute.
Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black and white, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.
Darters or anhingas are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above the water.
Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed.
Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.
The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.
Members of this family have long, broad wings, are strong fliers and, rather surprisingly, given their size and weight, very capable soarers. The body tends to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.
The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.
Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey, possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight. The family is monotypic.
Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.
Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.
Trogons are residents of tropical forests worldwide and have soft, often colorful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. They have compact bodies with long tails and short necks.
This black, white and pink bird is quite unmistakable, especially in its erratic flight, which is like that of a giant butterfly. There are three members of its family. The song is a trisyllabic oop-oop-oop, which gives rise to its English and scientific names.
Todies are a group of small near passerine forest species endemic to the Caribbean. These birds have colorful plumage and resemble small kingfishers, but have flattened bills with serrated edges. They eat small prey such as insects and lizards.
The motmots have colorful plumage and long, graduated tails which they display by waggling back and forth. In most of the species, the barbs near the ends of the two longest (central) tail feathers are weak and fall off, leaving a length of bare shaft and creating a racket-shaped tail.
The bee-eaters are a group of near passerine birds in the family Meropidae. They are characterized by richly colored plumage, slender bodies and usually elongated central tail feathers. All are colorful and have long downturned bills and pointed wings, which give them a swallow-like appearance when seen from afar.
The puffbirds are related to the jacamars and have the same range, but lack the iridescent colors of that family. They are mainly brown, rufous, or gray, with large heads and flattened bills with hooked tips. The loose abundant plumage and short tails makes them look stout and puffy, giving rise to the English common name of the family.
The jacamars are near passerine birds from tropical South America, with a range that extends up to Mexico. They feed on insects caught on the wing, and are glossy, elegant birds with long bills and tails. In appearance and behavior they resemble the Old World bee-eaters, although they are more closely related to puffbirds.
The barbets are plump birds, with short necks and large heads. They get their name from the bristles which fringe their heavy bills. Most species are brightly colored.
Toucans are near passerine birds from the Neotropics. They are brightly marked and have enormous, colorful bills which in some species amount to half their body length.
Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks. (See Life histories ... (1939) by A. C. Bent.)
Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.
Parrots are small to large birds with a characteristic curved beak. Their upper mandibles have slight mobility in the joint with the skull and they have a generally erect stance. All parrots are zygodactyl, having the four toes on each foot placed two at the front and two to the back.
Characteristic features of parrots include a strong curved bill, an upright stance, strong legs, and clawed zygodactyl feet. Many parrots are vividly colored, and some are multi-colored. In size they range from 8 cm (3.1 in) to 1 m (3.3 ft) in length. Old World parrots are found from Africa east across south and southeast Asia and Oceania to Australia and New Zealand.
The sapayoa is the only member of its family, and is found in the lowland rainforests of Panama and north-western South America. It is usually seen in pairs or mixed-species flocks.
The antbirds are a large family of small passerine birds of subtropical and tropical Central and South America. They are forest birds which tend to feed on insects at or near the ground. A sizable minority of them specialize in following columns of army ants to eat small invertebrates that leave their hiding places to flee from the ants. Many species lack bright color, with brown, black, and white being the dominant tones.
The members of this small family are found across northern South America and into Central America. They are forest birds, usually seen on the ground or in the low understory.
The tapaculos are small suboscine passeriform birds with numerous species in South and Central America. They are terrestrial species that fly only poorly on their short wings. They have strong legs, well-suited to their habitat of grassland or forest undergrowth. The tail is cocked and pointed towards the head.
Ovenbirds comprise a large family of small sub-oscine passerine bird species found in Central and South America. They are a diverse group of insectivores which gets its name from the elaborate "oven-like" clay nests built by some species, although others build stick nests or nest in tunnels or clefts in rock. The woodcreepers are brownish birds which maintain an upright vertical posture supported by their stiff tail vanes. They feed mainly on insects taken from tree trunks.
The manakins are a family of subtropical and tropical mainland Central and South America, and Trinidad and Tobago. They are compact forest birds, the males typically being brightly colored, although the females of most species are duller and usually green-plumaged. Manakins feed on small fruits, berries, and insects.
The cotingas are birds of forests or forest edges in tropical Central and South America. Comparatively little is known about this diverse group, although all have broad bills with hooked tips, rounded wings, and strong legs. The males of many of the species are brightly colored or decorated with plumes or wattles.
Tityridae are suboscine passerine birds found in forest and woodland in the Neotropics. The species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae, and Cotingidae. They are small to medium-sized birds. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, have plain coloring.
Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.
Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A shrike's beak is hooked, like that of a typical bird of prey.
The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers apart from their heavier bills.
Bell's vireo, Vireo belliiLC (Least Bell's vireo V. b. pusillus: E)
The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.
Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. Their food is insects and seeds.
The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.
The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.
The penduline-tits are a family of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. The verdin is the only North American representative of its family.
The long-tailed tits are a family of small passerine birds. Their plumage is typically dull gray or brown in color. There is only one North American representative of this primarily Palearctic family.
Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have big heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.
Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin pointed down-curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves on vertical trees.
Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.
These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their build and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers and gnatwrens are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long sharp bill. They are birds of fairly open woodland or scrub, which nest in bushes or trees.
The bulbuls are a family of medium-sized passerine songbirds native to Africa and tropical Asia. These are noisy and gregarious birds with often beautiful striking songs.
The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small insectivorous birds in the genus Regulus. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.
Leaf warblers are a family of small insectivorous birds found mostly in Eurasia and ranging into Wallacea and Africa. The Arctic warbler breeds east into Alaska. The species are of various sizes, often green-plumaged above and yellow below, or more subdued with grayish-green to grayish-brown colors.
The family Sylviidae is a group of small insectivorous passerine birds. They mainly occur as breeding species, as the common name implies, in Europe, Asia and, to a lesser extent, Africa. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.
The members of this family are usually rather large for "warblers". Most are rather plain olivaceous brown above with much yellow to beige below. They are usually found in open woodland, reedbeds, or tall grass. The family occurs mostly in southern to western Eurasia and surroundings, but also ranges far into the Pacific, with some species in Africa.
Locustellidae are a family of small insectivorous songbirds found mainly in Eurasia, Africa, and the Australian region. They are smallish birds with tails that are usually long and pointed, and tend to be drab brownish or buffy all over.
This a large family of small passerine birds found mostly in the Old World. All but two of the species below occur in North America only as vagrants. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.
The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.
The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.
Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.
The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in summer and berries in winter.
The silky-flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds which occur mainly in Central America. They are related to waxwings, and like that group, have soft silky plumage, usually gray or pale-yellow.
The olive warbler is the only representative of its family. It was formally classified with the Parulidae, but DNA studies warrant its classification in a distinct family.
The accentors are small, fairly drab birds with thin sharp bills superficially similar, but unrelated to, sparrows. They are endemic to the Palearctic and only appear in North America as a vagrant.
The weavers are small passerine birds related to the finches. They are seed-eating birds with rounded conical bills. The males of many species are brightly colored, usually in red or yellow and black, though some species show variation in color only in the breeding season.
The indigobirds are finch-like species which usually have black or indigo predominating in their plumage. All are brood parasites, which lay their eggs in the nests of estrildid finches
The estrildid finches are small passerine birds native to the Old World tropics. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short thick but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but have wide variation in plumage colors and patterns.
Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.
Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country.
Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.
The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds that have been traditionally grouped with the Emberizeridae (New World sparrows), but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.
Emberizidae is a family of passerine birds containing a single genus. Until 2017, the New World sparrows (Passerellidae) were also considered part of this family.
Until 2017, these species were considered part of the family Emberizidae. Most of the species are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many of these have distinctive head patterns.
The members of this small family were formerly classified as tanagers and New World warblers (family Parulidae) but were placed in their own family in 2017.
The members of this small family are native to the Greater Antilles. They were formerly classified as tanagers but were placed in their own family in 2017.
Despite its name, this species is neither a wren nor a thrush, and is not closely related to either family. It was moved from the wood-warblers (Parulidae) and placed in its own family in 2017.
This species was historically placed in the wood-warblers but nonetheless most authorities were unsure if it belonged there. It was placed in its own family in 2017.
The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.
The wood warblers are a group of small often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. In August 2011, the North American Committee of the AOS changed their classification of many of the wood warblers. Since this list is based on the AOS classification, changes to scientific names are updated here.
The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodland. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.
The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly colored. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings.
^"Check-list of North American Birds (online)". American Ornithological Society. 2019.
^Lepage, Denis. "Bird Checklists of the World - North America". Avibase. Retrieved November 1, 2022.
^Clements, James F. (2000). Birds of the World: A Checklist (fifth and supplements up to July, 2005 ed.). Vista, California: Ibis Publishing. ISBN 0-934797-16-1.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Anhima cornuta". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22679723A92826187. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Netta erythrophthalma". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22680354A92857172. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2020). "Pipile pipile". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22678401A177972653. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Chlorostilbon mellisugus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2017: e.T22687313A112399190. Retrieved 15 October 2023.{{cite iucn}}: |volume= / |date= mismatch (help)
^BirdLife International (2016). "Anthracothorax viridigula". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22687122A93141043. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Phaethornis longuemareus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22736557A95137406. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Chaetocercus jourdanii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22688290A93190560. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2018). "Lophornis ornatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22687181A130119414. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Polytmus guainumbi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22687482A93154067. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2020). "Campylopterus ensipennis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T22687078A179214927. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2018). "Pterodroma caribbaea". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22698097A132625182. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22698097A132625182.en.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Ixobrychus involucris". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22697294A93606613. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Trogon viridis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22736238A95128440. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Trogon violaceus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T61686959A95175649. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Momotus bahamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T61634940A95173793. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Psittacara leucophthalmus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22685682A93083034. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Sakesphorus canadensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103657712A93819991. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Procnias averano". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22700965A93806811. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Procnias albus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22700957A93806627. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
^BirdLife International (2016). "Tityra cayana". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T103676987A93792271. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
External links
Guide to North American Birds - National Audubon Society
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