Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).
Events
January — Philosopher Hu Shih, the primary advocate for the revolution in Chinese literature at this time to replace scholarly language with the vernacular, publishes an article in the magazine New Youth (Xin Qingnian) titled "A Preliminary Discussion of Literature Reform", in which he originally emphasizes eight guidelines that all Chinese writers should take to heart (next year he will compress the list to four points).
February — The Little Review moves from Chicago to New York City with the help of Ezra Pound (its foreign editor from May).
May 2 — English poet Marian Allen completes the poem "To A. T. G." a few days after hearing of the death in action of her fiancé Arthur Greg, the first of several to his memory.
July 15 — Welsh-language poet Hedd Wyn posts his awdl "Yr Arwr" ("The Hero") as his entry for the poetry competition at the National Eisteddfod of Wales on the same day as he marches off with the 15th Battalion Royal Welch Fusiliers towards the Battle of Passchendaele in which he will be killed a fortnight later. On September 6 at the ceremony of Chairing of the Bard at the Eisteddfod, held at Birkenhead, the empty druidical chair which Wyn, as winner, should have occupied is draped in a black sheet, "The festival in tears and the poet in his grave." This becomes known as "The Eisteddfodd of the Black Chair."
Summer — Russian writer Boris Pasternak composes My Sister, My Life; this circulates orally and in manuscript for several years before publication.
Florence Earle Coates (1850–1927), Pro Patria A 16-page pamphlet of seven war poems published privately in Philadelphia in support of American involvement in World War I.
Including all of the British colonies that later became India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka and Nepal. Listed alphabetically by first name, regardless of surname:
Ulric-L. Gingras, La chanson du paysans; French language;, Canada[16]
Juan Ramón Jiménez, Diario de un poeta recién casado ("Diary of a Newly Married Poet"; later retitled Diario de poeta y mar ["Diary of Poet and Sea"), Spain[17]
Antonio Machado, Campos de Castilla ("Fields of Castile"), enlarged edition (first edition 1912); Spain[17]
^Bédé, Jean Albert; Edgerton, William Benbow (1980). Columbia Dictionary of Modern European Literature. New York: Columbia University Press. p. 237. ISBN 0-231-03717-1.
^Rubulis, Aleksis (1970). Baltic Literature. South Bend, Indiana: University of Notre Dame Press.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o pCox, Michael, ed. (2004). The Concise Oxford Chronology of English Literature. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-860634-6.
^ a b c d e f g h i j k lLudwig, Richard M., and Clifford A. Nault, Jr., Annals of American Literature: 1602–1983, 1986, New York: Oxford University Press ("If the title page is one year later than the copyright date, we used the latter since publishers frequently postdate books published near the end of the calendar year." — from the Preface, p vi)
^Catalogue of Copyright Entries, pg. 165.
^Published in October 1917 by Alfred Kreymborg in Others: An Anthology of the New Verse and two months later in the December issue of Others: A Magazine of the New Verse. See Others: An Anthology of the New Verse on Internet Archive.
^ a bVinayak Krishna Gokak, The Golden Treasury and Indo-Anglian Poetry (1828-1965), p 313, New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi (1970, first edition; 2006 reprint), ISBN 81-260-1196-3, retrieved August 6, 2010
^"Bibliography," Selected Poems of E. J. Pratt, Peter Buitenhuis ed., Toronto: Macmillan, 1968, 207-208.
^Web page titled "Guillaume Apollinaire (1880 - 1918)"at the Poetry Foundation website, retrieved August 9, 2009. 2009-09-03.
^ a bAuster, Paul, editor, The Random House Book of Twentieth-Century French Poetry: with Translations by American and British Poets, New York: Random House, 1982 ISBN 0-394-52197-8
^Preminger, Alex and T. V. F. Brogan, et al., The New Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics, 1993. New York: MJF Books/Fine Communications
^Mohan, Sarala Jag, Chapter 4: "Twentieth-Century Gujarati Literature" (Google books link), in Natarajan, Nalini, and Emanuel Sampath Nelson, editors, Handbook of Twentieth-century Literatures of India, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Publishing Group, 1996, ISBN 978-0-313-28778-7, retrieved December 10, 2008
^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m nDas, Sisir Kumar and various, History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956: struggle for freedom: triumph and tragedy, Volume 2, 1995, published by Sahitya Akademi, ISBN 978-81-7201-798-9, retrieved via Google Books on December 23, 2008
^Web page titled "Poet: Gottfried Benn", at Poetry Foundation website, retrieved December 16, 2009
^"Stefan George", article, Encyclopedia of World Biography, 2004, retrieved February 23, 2010
^Story, Noah, The Oxford Companion to Canadian History and Literature, "Poetry in French" article, pp 651-654, Oxford University Press, 1967
^ a bDebicki, Andrew P., Spanish Poetry of the Twentieth Century: Modernity and Beyond, pp 11 (Machado), 14 (Jimenez), University Press of Kentucky, 1995, ISBN 978-0-8131-0835-3, retrieved via Google Books, November 21, 2009
^Web page titled "Gabriela Mistral/Cronologia 1889-1921" Archived 2010-08-20 at the Wayback Machine, at the Centro Virtual Cervantes website, retrieved September 22, 2010
^Hofmann, Michael, editor, Twentieth-Century German Poetry: An Anthology, Macmillan/Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2006
^"Panamanian writer Rodriguez Velez dies", article, January 11, 2009, United Press International website; also "Panama Writer Mario Augusto Rodriguez Dies", January 11, Latin American Herald Tribune, both retrieved same day