La Casa de Rohan ( en bretón : Roc'han ) es una familia bretona de vizcondes , más tarde duques y príncipes de la nobleza francesa , procedente de la localidad de Rohan en Bretaña . Su linaje desciende de los vizcondes de Porhoët y se dice que se remonta al legendario Conan Meriadoc . A través de la familia Porhoët, los Rohan están relacionados con los duques de Bretaña , con quienes la familia se entremezcló nuevamente después de su inicio. Durante la Edad Media , fue una de las familias más poderosas del ducado de Bretaña . Los Rohan también desarrollaron vínculos con las casas reales francesa e inglesa, y desempeñaron un papel importante en la historia francesa y europea .
La única línea sobreviviente de la familia es la rama de Rohan-Rochefort, duques de Montbazon , duques de Bouillon y príncipes austriacos de Rohan, que emigraron a principios del siglo XIX a lo que hoy es Austria . [1] [2]
Tras su matrimonio en 1645 con Marguerite de Rohan , única hija de Henri II de Rohan , primer duque de Rohan (que murió en 1638 sin heredero varón), Henri Chabot , descendiente de la rama más antigua de la Casa de Chabot de Poitou , fue nombrado duque de Rohan en 1648 y se le permitió utilizar el nombre de Rohan-Chabot en lugar del suyo, dando así origen a la Casa de Rohan-Chabot . [3] [4]
Los Rohan descendían de los vizcondes de Porhoët . Según J.-P. Soubigou, el primer vizconde conocido, Guethenoc (fl. 1028), probablemente también era vizconde de Rennes y estaba relacionado con la nobleza de la región del Loira, pero podría haber pertenecido a una línea bretona que poseía propiedades en torno a Josselin , donde construyó un castillo. [6]
Desde el siglo XII hasta el siglo XV, los Rohan no dejaron de asegurar y aumentar sus propiedades mediante matrimonios, adquisiciones, herencias, legados e intercambios. De este modo, se convirtieron en rivales de los duques de Bretaña durante toda la Edad Media, según sus intereses, a veces cumpliendo fielmente los cargos más importantes del ducado, a veces rebelándose, como hizo Juan II de Rohan en los últimos años de la independencia bretona. El «gran vizconde», entonces más poderoso que nunca, controlaba a cerca de 200.000 bretones en aproximadamente una quinta parte del territorio bretón. [7] El corazón del vizcondado de Rohan está formado por el triángulo rohanés [8] (las tres grandes fortalezas de La Chèze, Josselin y Pontivy) cuyo centro es el pueblo de Rohan , feudo nominal de la familia cuyo castillo es abandonado en favor de los otros tres. [9]
Para contrarrestar el poder de los inmensos feudos de las familias Rohan y Rieux, que dividían la península Armorica en dos partes iguales, los duques bretones les negaron el acceso a las costas [10] y los bloquearon en la parte oriental del ducado a través de las fortalezas de las Marcas de Neustria#Marca Bretona , cuyos principales bastiones eran Rennes y Nantes. [11] Los Rohan, entonces impopulares en un entorno de tradición muy bretona, fueron neutralizados por el momento, y contraatacaron solo con el apoyo directo del ejército francés durante la campaña de 1487 en la Guerra franco-bretona , que estuvo marcada por divisiones internas entre los barones de Bretaña (Rohan, Rieux, Laval...) que cambiaban constantemente de bando. [12] En el invierno de 1487-1488, Juan II fue cercado por las tropas ducales: sus bastiones de La Chèze, Josselin, Rohan y Pontivy cayeron uno tras otro en marzo de 1488. El vizconde seguía codiciando la corona ducal para su hijo, pero fracasó. En 1491, el matrimonio entre Ana de Bretaña y Carlos VIII inició la anexión del ducado a la corona francesa , unión que fue ratificada definitivamente en 1532.
La familia Rohan se casó varias veces con miembros de la familia ducal bretona , la última vez en 1407.
En el siglo XVII, los miembros de la familia Rohan comenzaron a utilizar su genealogía y su poder en la corte francesa para obtener el rango de príncipe extranjero , quedando así en segundo lugar, después de los príncipes de sangre, ante todos los duques y pares. Su objetivo era demostrar que los antiguos reyes de Bretaña gobernaban efectivamente y que los Rohan descendían directamente de ellos.
Estas dos afirmaciones eran difíciles de establecer en su momento y no se utilizan en la historiografía del siglo XXI. [14] Los Rohan se dedicaron entonces a dar credibilidad a esta versión a través de historiadores como Dom Morice, pero también a través de favores, forzando y violando la historia si era necesario. Los Rohan tuvieron que imponer sus afirmaciones gracias a pruebas falsificadas (una práctica común en estas familias aristocráticas del Antiguo Régimen ).
A pesar de los ataques de las familias rivales, los Rohan consiguieron fundamentar su poder e imponer sus puntos de vista históricos y genealógicos, lo que les proporcionó posiciones que les permitieron afianzar su poder y su crédito en la Corte. Se alcanzó entonces la máxima proximidad al Rey, que ya no podía ser cuestionada.
Árbol de descenso
La familia Rohan tiene una larga historia documentada, con estrechos vínculos con los duques de Bretaña .
Para conocer ramas con mayor detalle, consulte a continuación.
Ramas de la Casa de Rohan
Sucursal de Rohan-Guéméné
Esta rama descendía (c. 1375) de Juan I (1324-1396), vizconde de Rohan, y su esposa Juana de Évreux (también conocida como Juana de Navarra) (1339-1409).
Esta rama de Rohan - Guéméné todavía existe a través de su rama menor, la familia Rohan-Rochefort.
Sucursal de Rohan-Rochefort
Esta familia es una rama menor de la rama Rohan-Guéméné a través de Charles de Rohan-Guémené, también conocido como Charles de Rohan-Rochefort (1693-1766), quien tomó el título de Príncipe de Rochefort .
La familia Rohan-Rochefort, que emigró a Austria a principios del siglo XIX, es actualmente la última rama restante de la Casa de Rohan. Posee los títulos genuinos de Duque de Montbazon (1588, Francia), Duque de Bouillon (1816, Congreso de Viena ), Príncipe de Rohan y Príncipe del Sacro Imperio Romano Germánico con el tratamiento de Alteza Serenísima ( Durchlaucht ), confirmado en 1808 por el emperador Francisco II para todos los miembros de la familia. El cabeza de familia era (desde 1861) miembro hereditario de la Cámara de los Lores de Austria .
Rohan-Soubise branch
This family descended from the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1630, with the estates of Soubise (in Poitou) and the Parc-Soubise (in Mouchamps, Vendée) coming from the Rohan-Chabot family through an alliance between the two branches.
Charles de Rohan-Soubise, a.k.a. the Marshal of Soubise (1715-1787), Prince of Soubise and Marshal of France, and his daughter Charlotte Godefride Élisabeth de Rohan-Soubise (1737-1760), wife of the Prince of Condé Louis V Joseph de Bourbon-Condé (1736-1818), belonged to this branch of the family.
This branch became extinct in the Rohan-Guéméné family in 1807.
Rohan-Gié branch
This family is descended from the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1541. It is named after the town of Gyé-sur-Seine (Aube).
Peter II of Rohan-Gié (†1525) married in 1517 Anne of Rohan (1485-1529) heiress of the eldest branch, and through this marriage became Viscount of Rohan, Lord of Léon and Count of Porhoët. His son, René of Rohan-Gié (1516-1552) married in 1534 Isabeau of Albret, a.k.a. Isabeau de Navarre (1512-1570) and was the father of René II, Viscount of Rohan and Lord of Léon († 1586) head of the Protestant party in France.[2]
The Rohan-Gué-de-l’Isle branch is a junior branch said to be descended (c. 1270) from Alan VI (1232-1304), Viscount of Rohan, and his second wife Thomasse of La Roche-Bernard (c. 1245 - after 1304). It is named after the estate of Saint-Étienne-du-Gué-de-l'Isle (Côtes-d'Armor).
This branch is said to be descended from Josselin of Rohan, son of Alan III, Viscount of Rohan and his second wife Françoise de Corbey around 1185, but its filiation has not been proven. It became extinct around 1494. Named after the estate of Montauban-de-Bretagne near Rennes. Several Seneschals and Marshals of Brittany belonged to this branch.
This branch became extinct in the Rohan-Guéméné branch in 1494.
House of Rohan-Chabot
The House of Rohan-Chabot is the eldest branch of the Chabot family, from Poitou. It is descended from the House of Rohan in female line through the marriage of Marguerite de Rohan (1617-1684) (only daughter and heiress of Henry II, Duke of Rohan) with Henri Chabot (1616-1655), from the eldest branch of the Chabot de Jarnac family, in 1645. Henri Chabot was created Duke of Rohan in 1648 by Louis XIV, and his descendants bear the name Rohan-Chabot.
Portraits
Marguerite de Rohan (v. 1330–1406) and her husband the Constable of Clisson.
Pierre de Rohan-Guéméné, also known as Marshal of Gié (1451-1513), Marshal of France.
Jacqueline de Rohan-Gié (1520-1587), Lady of Blandy-les-Tours, Marchionness of Rothelin, Princess of Neuchâtel.
Henri II de Rohan (1579-1638) viscount then Duke of Rohan, Prince of Léon, Generalissimo of the Protestant armies, Ambassador of France, Colonel-général des Suisses et des Grisons.
Benjamin de Rohan, also known as “the Duke of Soubise” (1583-1642) Duke of Frontenay.
Louis de Rohan-Guéméné, also known as “the Knight of Rohan” (1635-1674), Grand Huntsman of France, Louis XIV's Colonel of the Guards.
Armand Gaston Maximilien de Rohan-Soubise (1674-1749) Prince of Rohan, Prince of Soubise, Bishop of Strasbourg, Cardinal, member of the Académie française, Grand Almoner of France.
Charles de Rohan-Soubise, also known as “the Marshal of Soubise” (1715-1787) Prince of Soubise, Duke of Rohan-Rohan, minister of Kings Louis XV and Louis XVI, Marshal of France.
Charlotte Louise de Rohan-Guéméné, Princess of Masseran, also known as “Mademoiselle de Rohan” (1722-1786).
Louis René Édouard de Rohan-Guéméné (1734-1803), Prince of Rohan, Cardinal, Archbishop of Strasbourg, member of the Académie française, Grand Almoner of the King and Head of the Sorbonne.
Charlotte de Rohan-Soubise (1737-1760), Princess of Condé.
Several members of the Rohan-Guéméné family migrated to Sychrov Castle in northern Bohemia, then part of the Austrian Empire, and were naturalized. After this branch became extinct in 1846, the princes of Rohan-Rochefort younger branch inherited the properties in Bohemia but were deprived of them in 1945, following the Beneš decrees. They also inherited the titles Serene Highness, Prince of Rohan, Prince of Guéméné, Prince of Rochefort and Prince of the Holy-Roman-Empire (in Austria until 1919), Duke of Rohan-Rohan, Duke of Montbazon with the Peerage of France attached to it, and Duke of Bouillon.
Ferdinand de Rohan-Guéméné (Paris, 7 November 1738 - Paris, 31 October 1813), Prince of Rohan-Guéméné, Archbishop of Bordeaux in 1769, Prince-Archbishop of Cambrai in 1781 and of Liège in 1790. He was First Almoner to Empress Joséphine in the early 19th century.
Soldiers
Pierre de Rohan-Guéméné, also known as Pierre I de Rohan-Gié or the “Marshal of Gié” (Saint-Quentin-les-Anges, 1451 – Paris, 22 April 1513), Lord of Gié, viscount of Fronsac, Marshal of France. He was a diplomat and councillor of the kings Louis XI, Charles VIII and Louis XII. He was charged with treason in 1504. In 1506, Pierre de Rohan-Gié was suspended for five years and exiled from the Court. He was later absolved of the crime of lèse-majesté.
Alain Benjamin Arthur de Rohan-Rochefort [fr] (8 January 1853 - 23 February 1914), Duke of Montbazon, Duke of Bouillon, Prince of Guéméné, member of the Herrenhaus, deputy at the Parliament of Bohemia.
Louis de Rohan-Guéméné, also known as the Knight of Rohan (1635 - Paris, 27 November 1674), Grand Huntsman of France, Colonel of the Guards of Louis XIV, with whom he had been brought up. Executed for a crime lèse-majesté, having taken part in the Conspiracy of Latréaumont.
Berthe de Rohan (1868-1945), titular Queen Consort of Spain, France and Navarre
Marie-Liesse de Rohan-Chabot, contracted marriage (civil 19 June 1999, religious 10 July 1999) with Prince Eudes of Orléans, Duke of Angoulême, youngest son of Henri, Count of Paris, Duke of France, the late Orleanist claimant to the throne of France.
Arms
The mascles on the arms of the House of Rohan refer to crystal twinnings, which are large crystals of chiastolite (andalusite) that develop in Ordovicianschists. They are almost square-sectioned prisms. These stones, which were for centuries called "mascles", abound in the Salles de Rohan, so much that the Viscounts of Rohan, stricken by their beauty and the likeness with the lozenge, put seven mascles or on their coat of arms; their descendants added two more in the middle of the 16th century.[100]
Former arms
Used by Geoffrey of Rohan between 1216 and 1222: gules, seven mascles or, 3, 3, 1.
Modern arms
Used by Henry I of Rohan between 1552 and 1575. The change from the old arms to the modern ones can be explained by the change of the shape of shields from the 14th century: the base is now flat, not pointed, and the empty space is filled by two new mascles.
Motto
A plus: battle cry which may mean “without more”, that is to say, without superior, reminding the Rohans’ claim to be the second most important Breton noble family after the Ducal family, or “even more”, which would be an invitation to always surpass themselves[101] is Alan IX’s personal motto, often attributed to the whole family. It is symbolized by the letter A topped with a Ducal crown accompanying the mascles on the coat of arms.[102]
Another, apocryphal motto, modelled on that of the House of Coucy, is often attributed to the Rohans: Duc je ne daigne, Roi je ne puis, Prince de Bretaigne, de Rohan je suis (Duke I will not, King I cannot, Prince of Brittany, of Rohan I am) or more often: Roi ne puis, duc ne daigne, Rohan suis (King I cannot, Duke I will not, Rohan I am).[103] Roland Barthes will use this model in a joke:[104]Then all writers will say: “Insane I cannot, Sane I will not, neurotic I am.”.
Another motto: Rather dead than soiled (Latin: Potius mori quam foedari) which is the motto of the old Dukes of Brittany, the Rohans having been their heirs presumptive since 1532 and the treaty of perpetual Union between Brittany and France.
Titles
The members of the Rohan family were first styled viscount of Porhoët, the viscount of Rohan and were granted the following titles:
Prince de Soubise (erected in 1667 but not recorded)
Duc de Rohan-Rohan (1714, extinct 1787)
Comte de l'Empire (1808)
Pair de France (1814)
Pair héréditaire (1815)
Duc pair (1817)
Prince du Saint-Empire and Serene Highness (Austria 1808 and 1830)
Duc de Bouillon (1814 and 1816 through succession of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne)
The family's many branches held the titles of Prince de Léon, Prince de Montauban, Prince de Rochefort, etc. although none of these titles were genuinely created.[106]
The Hôtel de Rohan (also known as Hôtel de Rohan-Strasbourg for it used to be the residence of the bishops belonging the branch living in Strasbourg — see supra: Clergy) and the Hôtel de Soubise, in Le Marais, which form an ensemble that hosts part of the Archives nationales nowadays.
The Hôtel de Rohan-Guémené, also known as the "Maison de Victor Hugo" (who lived only in a small part of the hôtel), is located at 6 Place des Vosges and went to the rue des Tournelles and the Impasse Guéménée.
The Hôtel de Rohan-Montbazon, 29 rue du Faubourg Saint-Honoré.
Prosper Jean Levot, Biographie bretonne: recueil de notices sur tous les Bretons, vol. 2;
Georges Martin, Histoire et généalogie de la Maison de Rohan, 1998, Lyon, 1 vol. in 8°, 256 p. ill.;
Éric Mension-Rigau, Les Rohan, Histoire d'une grande famille, Perrin, 2017, 320 p., read online;
Pierre-Hyacinthe Morice, Mémoires pour servir de preuves à l'histoire ecclésiastique et civile de Bretagne, 1742–1746;
Frédéric Morvan, Alain VI, vicomte de Rohan, ou l’origine de la fortune des Rohan, Bulletin et mémoires de la Société polymatique du Morbihan, vol. CXXXIV, 2008, p. 79-122;
Frédéric Morvan, La Chevalerie bretonne et la formation de l'armée ducale 1260-1341, Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2009, Annexes Généalogie n°35 « les Rohan »;
Frédéric Morvan, Les règlements des conflits de succession dans la noblesse bretonne au XIIIème siècle, 2010, accessed 8 October 2013;
Frédéric Morvan, Les Chevaliers bretons. Entre Plantagenets et Capétiens du milieu XIIe siècle au milieu du XIIIe siècle éditions Coop Breizh, Spézet 2014, « Généalogie des Rohan », 286;
Claude Muller, Le siècle des Rohan : une dynastie de cardinaux en Alsace au XVIIIème siècle, La Nuée bleue, Strasbourg, 2006;
Tudchentil. Inventaire 4/23;
Musée protestant. Henri de Rohan (1574-1638);
Les Protestants bretons. Les Salles de Rohan;
Revue des deux mondes.
Notes and references
^Fernand de Saint-Simon, Etienne de Séréville, Dictionnaire de la noblesse française, 1975, p. 869.
^ a b cHenri Jougla de Morenas Raoul de Warren, Grand Armorial de France, vol. 6, p. 45, read online.
^Fernand de Saint-Simon, Etienne de Séréville, Dictionnaire de la noblesse française, 1975, p. 870.
^Henri Jougla de Morenas, Raoul de Warren, Grand Armorial de France, vol. 2, p. 366 read online.
^Jean-Yves Copy, ‘’Art, société et politique au temps des ducs de Bretagne’’, Aux Amateurs de livres, 1986, p. 1118.
^J.-P. Soubigou, "Le Léon dans la Bretagne des Xe-XIe siècles", Annales de Bretagne, no 120-4, 2013, p. 14.
^Yvonig Gicquel, Alain IX de Rohan, 1382-1462, Éditions Jean Picollec, 1986, p. 212
^The rohannais triangle corresponds to the Rochefort-Malestroit-Elven triangle of the House of Rieux.
^Yvonig Gicquel Alain IX de Rohan, 1382-1462, Éditions Jean Picollec, 1986, p. 102.
^In the north, the castle of Guingamp which covered Tréguier and Paimpol; the castles of the Léguer valley (Tonquédec castle, Coat-an-Noz castle) which covered Lannion
^Alain Guillerm, Fortifications et marine en Occident, L'Harmattan, 1994, p. 92.
^Nicolas Martin, La France fortifiée : châteaux, villes et places fortes, Nathan, 1990, p. 70.
^Jean-Loup Avril, Mille Bretons : dictionnaire biographique, Les Portes du Large, 2002, p. 387.
^Jean-Paul Soubigou, "Le Léon dans la Bretagne des Xe-XIe siècles", Annales de Bretagne, no 120-4, 2013, p. 14.
^Daughter of Raoul II of Fougères (?–24/07/1257), Baron of Fougères, Grand Seneschal of Brittany, crusader, and Joan of Dol.
^Daughter of Alan of Vitré, a.k.a. Alan II of Dinan (1155 – before 1197), Lord of Vitré, Southern-Dinan and Bécherel, Seneschal of Brittany, and Clemencia of Fougères (c. 1175–1252).
^Daughter of Joscelin of La Roche-Bernard and Mahaut of Montfort (c. 1214–1279), Lady of Montfort(-sur-Meu) and Boutavant.
^Daughter of Thibaut II of Rochefort (c. 1260 – after 1327), Lord of Rochefort, Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine and Assérac, Viscount of Donges, and Anne of Neuville (c. 1265 – after 1327).
^Daughter of Peter V of Rostrenen (c. 1270–1347), Lord of Rostrenen, and Anne du Pont (c. 1280–?).
^Son of Giles of Montmorency-Laval a.k.a. Gilles I of Laval-Loué (?–06/08/1556), Viscount of Brosse, Lord of Loué, Benais, Montsabert, Marcillé, Le Parvis and Bressuire, Baron of Pontchâteau, and Françoise of Maillé (c. 1493–?), Viscountess of Brosse, Baroness of Pontchâteau, Lady of Maillé, La Rochecorborn, La Haye and La Motte-Sainte-Heraye.
^Son of John III of Rieux (16/06/1377–08/01/1431), Lord of Rieux and Rochefort, Baron of Ancenis, Viscount of Lord of Assérac, Lord then Baron of Malestroit, and Joan of Harcourt (11/09/1399–03/03/1456).
^Son of Charles of Dinan (?–1418), Lord of Montafilant and Châteaubriant, and Joan of Beaumanoir.
^Beatrice of Rohan was betrothed to Gilles de Rais but the marriage contract was not followed up for some unknown reason, maybe Beatrice's death (Cazacu, Matei (2005), Gilles de Rais (in French), Paris: Tallandier, p. 54, ISBN 2-84734-227-3.).
^Son of Charles of Valois a.k.a. Charles II “the Magnanimous” of Alençon (1297–26/08/1346), Count of Chartres, Perche and Alençon, et de María de La Cerda (1310–13/03/1379).
^Daughter of John of Montauban (1412–1466), Admiral of France, and Anne of Keranrais.
^Daughter of Francis I of Rieux (11/08/1418–20/11/1458), Lord of Rieux and Rochefort, Baron of Malestroit, Count of Harcourt, Lord of Assérac, Viscount of Donges, Councillor and Chamberlain of Francis I of Brittany, Knight of the Order of the Ermine, Chamberlain of the Dauphin Louis XI, and Joanna of Rohan (1415 – after 1459) (cited in the tree).
^Son of John VIII of Maure (?–1529), Lord of Maure, and Marie du Plessis-Angier (?–1497).
^Son of Hardouin IX of Maillé (1415–1487), Baron of Maillé, and Antoinette of Chauvigny (c. 1428–20/04/1473), Lady of Brosse.
^Daughter of Guy of Rieux (?–12/02/1591), Lord of Châteauneuf, Viscount of Donges, Governor of Brest, and Madeleine of Espinay (?–27/09/1597).
^Daughter of Charles d'Avaugour (?–1608), Count of Vertus, Goëlo, Viscount of Saint-Nazaire, Baron of Avaugour and Ingrandes, Lord of Clisson, Champtoceaux and Montfaucon, and Philippa of Saint-Amadour, Viscountess of Guiguen, Lady of Thouaré and La Touche-Limouzinière.
^Daughter of Henry III of Lenoncourt (?–1584), Lord of Lenoncourt, and Françoise of Montmorency-Laval (?–1614).
^Daughter of Louis Charles d'Albert de Luynes (1620–1690), Duke of Luynes, Duke of Chevreuse, Prince of Léon, and Anne de Rohan-Guéméné (1640–1684) (cited in the tree).
^Daughter of Charles de Cochefilet, Count of Vauvineux.
^Son of François Léonor de Créquy (?–30/10/1721), Baron of Frohans, and Marie Antoinette de Schouteeten, Lady of Robermez and Ardennes.
^Daughter of Claude I d'Avaugour (1581 in Thouaré-sur-Loire – 06/08/1637 in Paris), Count of Vertus and Goëlo, Viscount of Saint-Nazaire, Baron of Avaugour and Ingrandes, Lord of Clisson, Champtoceaux and Montfaucon, and Catherine Fouquet de La Varenne (1590-10/05/1670).
^Son of Claude of Espinay (c. 1552 – after 1584), Larquis of Espinay, Count of Durtal, and Françoise of La Rochefoucauld.
^Daughter of Henry III of Lenoncourt
^Daughter of René II of Montmorency-Laval (?-1557), Viscount of Bresteau, Lord of Saint-Aubin, Coudrayes, Boisdauphin, Aulnay, Louaillé, Saint-Mars, La Mousse, Rouperreux, Saint-Georges, Rofay and Maugasteau, and Catherine of Baif.
^Son of Giles of Montmorency-Laval a.k.a. Giles II of Laval-Loué (? – December 1559), Viscount of Brosse, Lord of Loué, Benais, Montsabert, Marcillé, Parvis, Bressuire, Maillé, La Rochecorborn, La Haye and La Motte-Sainte-Heraye, and Louise of Sainte-Maure (? – after 1549), Countess of Nesle and Joigny.
^ "De Rohan Guéméné-Rochefort". Registro. Los tiempos . No 74155. Londres. 22 de julio de 2023. col 2, p. 78.
^ Hija de Claude I de Avaugour
^ Jean-Baptiste-Pierre Jullien de Courcelles , Histoire généalogique et héraldique des pairs de France, des grands dignitaires de la couronne, des principales familles nobles du royaume et des maisons princières de l'Europe, précédée de la généalogie de la maison de France , Arthus-Bertrand, París , 1827, vol. 8, pág. 209
^ Hija de Josselin de La Roche-Bernard
^ B. Galimard Flavigny (2006) págs. 317-319
^ Louis Chauris, Minéraux de Bretagne , Saint-Julien-du-Pinet, Les Éditions du Piat, 2014.
^ Éric Mension-Rigau, Les Rohan. Histoire d'une grande famille , Perrin, 2017, p. 11.
^ Alain Boulaire, Les Rohan , Francia-Imperio, 2001, 346.
^ Édouard Drumont, 1897, pág. 392. Mon vieux Paris . E. Flammarion (París), 2 vol. (XIX-384, XI-435 p.)
^ Le Plaisir du texte , París, Seuil, 1973
^ Fuente: Recueil des lettres misives d'Henri IV, publicado por m. Berger de Xivrey, Jules Berger de Xivrey, Joseph Gaudet, Imprimerie Royale, 1843
^ Bulletin de la Société héraldique et généalogique de France, 1879, p. 275 leídos en línea.
^ Fonds Rohan-Bouillon (XIe - XIXe siècle), France Archives, 2004, consultado el 14 de octubre de 2018
^ Fonds Rohan-Bouillon (XIe-XIXe siècle), Archives Nationales, 2004, consultado el 14 de octubre de 2018.
Enlaces externos
Wikimedia Commons alberga una categoría multimedia sobre Casa de Rohan .