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Animación Toei

Toei Animation Co., Ltd. ( en japonés :東映アニメーション株式会社, Hepburn : Tōei Animēshon Kabushiki-gaisha , /ˈt oʊ . eɪ / ) es un estudio de animación japonés controlado principalmente por su homónima Toei Company . Ha producido numerosas series, entre ellas Sally the Witch , GeGeGe no Kitarō , Mazinger Z , Galaxy Express 999 , Cutie Honey , Dr. Slump , Dragon Ball , Saint Seiya , Sailor Moon , Slam Dunk , Digimon , One Piece , Toriko , World Trigger , The Transformers (entre 1984 y 1990, incluidas varias producciones exclusivas japonesas) y la serie Pretty Cure .

Historia

El estudio fue fundado por los animadores Kenzō Masaoka y Sanae Yamamoto en 1948 como Japan Animated Films (日本動画映画, Nihon Dōga Eiga , a menudo abreviado como 日動映画 (Nichidō Eiga)) . En 1956, Toei compró el estudio y pasó a llamarse Toei Doga Co., Ltd. (東映動画株式会社, Tōei Dōga Kabushiki-gaisha , "dōga" significa "animación" en japonés) , y opera como Toei Animation Co., Ltd. .fuera de Japón. En 1998, el nombre japonés pasó a llamarse Toei Animation. Ha creado varias series de televisión y películas y ha adaptado cómics japoneses como series animadas, muchas de ellas populares en todo el mundo. Hayao Miyazaki , Isao Takahata , Yasuji Mori , Leiji Matsumoto y Yōichi Kotabe han trabajado con la empresa. [5] Toei era accionista de la red de televisión satelital de anime japonesa Animax junto con otros estudios de anime y compañías de producción, como Sunrise , TMS Entertainment y Nihon Ad Systems Inc. [ 6] [7] [8] La empresa tiene su sede en el estudio Ohizumi en Nerima, Tokio . [1]

Su mascota es el gato Pero, de la adaptación cinematográfica de El Gato con Botas de 1969 .

Toei Animation produjo versiones animadas de obras de series de manga de artistas de manga, incluidos Go Nagai ( Mazinger Z ), Eiichiro Oda ( One Piece ), Shotaro Ishinomori ( Cyborg 009 ), Mitsutoshi Shimabukuro ( Toriko ), Takehiko Inoue ( Slam Dunk ), Mitsuteru Yokoyama ( Sally the Witch ), Masami Kurumada ( Saint Seiya ), Akira Toriyama ( Dragon Ball y Dr. Slump ), Leiji Matsumoto ( Galaxy Express 999 ) y Naoko Takeuchi ( Sailor Moon ). El estudio ayudó a impulsar la popularidad de los géneros de anime Magical Girl y Super Robot ; las series de televisión de Toei incluyen la primera serie de anime de chicas mágicas, Mahoutsukai Sally (una adaptación del manga del mismo nombre de Mitsuteru Yokoyama), y Mazinger Z de Go Nagai , una adaptación de su manga que estableció el estándar para el anime Super Robot. Aunque Toei Company suele contratar a Toei Animation para que se encargue de su animación internamente, ocasionalmente contratan a otras empresas para que proporcionen animación; aunque Toei Company produjo la Robot Romance Trilogy , Sunrise (entonces conocida como Nippon Sunrise) proporcionó la animación. Toei Company también solicitaría la ayuda de otros estudios, como contratar a Academy Productions para producir la animación de Space Emperor God Sigma , en lugar de utilizar su propio estudio.

Los animes de Toei Animation que ganaron el premio Animage Anime Grand Prix son Galaxy Express 999 en 1981, Saint Seiya en 1987 y Sailor Moon en 1992. Además de producir anime para su lanzamiento en Japón, Toei Animation comenzó a proporcionar animación para películas y series de televisión estadounidenses durante la década de 1960 y particularmente durante la de 1980.

En octubre de 2021, Toei Animation anunció que había firmado una asociación estratégica con el conglomerado de entretenimiento surcoreano CJ ENM . [9]

Ataque de ransomware en 2022

El 6 de marzo de 2022, ocurrió un incidente en el que un tercero no autorizado intentó hackear la red de Toei Animation, lo que provocó que la tienda en línea y los sistemas internos de la compañía quedaran suspendidos temporalmente. La compañía investigó el incidente y afirmó que el hackeo afectaría los horarios de transmisión de varias series de anime, incluida One Piece . [10] [11] Además, Dragon Ball Super: Super Hero también fue reprogramado para el 11 de junio de 2022, debido al hackeo. [12] [13] [14] El 6 de abril de 2022, Toei Animation anunció que reanudaría la transmisión de la serie de anime, incluida One Piece . [15] [16] Al día siguiente, la emisora ​​pública japonesa NHK informó que el hackeo fue causado por un ataque de ransomware dirigido . [17]

Subsidiarias

Actualmente en producción

Animación de televisión

1960–69

1970–79

1980–89

1990–99

2000–09

2010–19

2020-presente

Películas y especiales de televisión

Películas de cine

Original video animation and original net animation

Video game animation

Video game development

Dubbing

Animated productions by foreign studios dubbed in Japanese by Toei are The Mystery of the Third Planet (1981 Russian film, dubbed in 2008); Les Maîtres du temps (1982 French-Hungarian film, dubbed in 2014), Alice's Birthday (2009 Russian film, dubbed in 2013) and Becca's Bunch (2018 television series, dubbed in 2021 to 2022).

Foreign production history

Toei has been commissioned to provide animation by Japanese and American studios such as Sunbow Entertainment, Marvel Productions, Hanna-Barbera, DIC Entertainment, Rankin/Bass Productions and World Events Productions (DreamWorks Animation). In the 60's, they primarily worked with Rankin/Bass, but beginning in the 80's, they worked with Marvel Productions and their list of clients grew, until the end of the decade. Toei didn't provide much outsourced animation work in the 90's and since the 2000s has only rarely worked with other companies outside Japan.

Controversies

Fair use disputes

Between 2008 and 2018, Toei Animation had copyright claimed TeamFourStar's parody series, DragonBall Z Abridged. TFS stated that the parody series is protected under fair use.[54][55]

On December 7, 2021, Toei Animation copyright claimed over 150 videos by YouTuber Totally Not Mark, real name Mark Fitzpatrick.[56] He uploaded a video addressing the issue, claiming that they were protected under fair use, and that nine of the videos do not include any Toei footage. He also outlined the appeal process on YouTube, and estimated having the videos reinstated could take over 37 years. He then goes on to announce that he would not be supporting new Toei releases until the issue had been resolved, and also called for a boycott on the upcoming Dragon Ball Super: Super Hero film.[57] The dispute sparked discussion on YouTube on the vulnerability of creators against the copyright system and lack of fair use laws in Japan, with YouTubers such as PewDiePie and The Anime Man speaking out on the issue.[58][59]

On January 26, 2022, Fitzpatrick had his videos reinstated after negotiations with YouTube.[60]

Treatment of employees

On January 20, 2021, two employees have accused Toei Animation of overworking their employees and discrimination towards sexual minorities. The company had inappropriately referred to employees who identifies as X-gender (a non-binary identity in Japan).[61][62]

See also

References

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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Toei Animation.