En matemáticas, la matriz de Lehmer, (nombrada en honor al matemático estadounidense Derrick Henry Lehmer)[1], es la matriz simétrica definida por la siguiente regla
i j
{
i
j , j ≥ i
j
/
i , j < i
{\displaystyle A_{ij}=\left\{{\begin{matrix}i/j,j\geq i\\j/i,j
O, de forma simplificada
i j
min
( i , j )
max
( i , j )
{\displaystyle A_{ij}={\frac {{\text{min}}(i,j)}{{\text{max}}(i,j)}}}
Las matrices de Lehmer
{\displaystyle (2\times 2,3\times 3,\cdots ,6\times 6)}
con sus inversas se muestran abajo.
1 2
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{2}=\left({\begin{array}{cc}1&{\frac {1}{2}}\\{\frac {1}{2}}&1\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{2}^{-1}=\left({\begin{array}{cc}{\frac {4}{3}}&-{\frac {2}{3}}\\-{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {4}{3}}\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{3}=\left({\begin{array}{ccc}1&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {1}{3}}\\{\frac {1}{2}}&1&{\frac {2}{3}}\\{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {2}{3}}&1\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{3}^{-1}=\left({\begin{array}{ccc}{\frac {4}{3}}&-{\frac {2}{3}}&0\\-{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {32}{15}}&-{\frac {6}{5}}\\0&-{\frac {6}{5}}&{\frac {9}{5}}\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{4}=\left({\begin{array}{cccc}1&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {1}{4}}\\{\frac {1}{2}}&1&{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {1}{2}}\\{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {2}{3}}&1&{\frac {3}{4}}\\{\frac {1}{4}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {3}{4}}&1\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{4}^{-1}=\left({\begin{array}{cccc}{\frac {4}{3}}&-{\frac {2}{3}}&0&0\\-{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {32}{15}}&-{\frac {6}{5}}&0\\0&-{\frac {6}{5}}&{\frac {108}{35}}&-{\frac {12}{7}}\\0&0&-{\frac {12}{7}}&{\frac {16}{7}}\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{5}=\left({\begin{array}{ccccc}1&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {1}{4}}&{\frac {1}{5}}\\{\frac {1}{2}}&1&{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {2}{5}}\\{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {2}{3}}&1&{\frac {3}{4}}&{\frac {3}{5}}\\{\frac {1}{4}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {3}{4}}&1&{\frac {4}{5}}\\{\frac {1}{5}}&{\frac {2}{5}}&{\frac {3}{5}}&{\frac {4}{5}}&1\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{5}^{-1}=\left({\begin{array}{ccccc}{\frac {4}{3}}&-{\frac {2}{3}}&0&0&0\\-{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {32}{15}}&-{\frac {6}{5}}&0&0\\0&-{\frac {6}{5}}&{\frac {108}{35}}&-{\frac {12}{7}}&0\\0&0&-{\frac {12}{7}}&{\frac {256}{63}}&-{\frac {20}{9}}\\0&0&0&-{\frac {20}{9}}&{\frac {25}{9}}\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{6}=\left({\begin{array}{cccccc}1&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {1}{4}}&{\frac {1}{5}}&{\frac {1}{6}}\\{\frac {1}{2}}&1&{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {2}{5}}&{\frac {1}{3}}\\{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {2}{3}}&1&{\frac {3}{4}}&{\frac {3}{5}}&{\frac {1}{2}}\\{\frac {1}{4}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {3}{4}}&1&{\frac {4}{5}}&{\frac {2}{3}}\\{\frac {1}{5}}&{\frac {2}{5}}&{\frac {3}{5}}&{\frac {4}{5}}&1&{\frac {5}{6}}\\{\frac {1}{6}}&{\frac {1}{3}}&{\frac {1}{2}}&{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {5}{6}}&1\\\end{array}}\right)}
{\displaystyle {\text{A}}_{6}^{-1}=\left({\begin{array}{cccccc}{\frac {4}{3}}&-{\frac {2}{3}}&0&0&0&0\\-{\frac {2}{3}}&{\frac {32}{15}}&-{\frac {6}{5}}&0&0&0\\0&-{\frac {6}{5}}&{\frac {108}{35}}&-{\frac {12}{7}}&0&0\\0&0&-{\frac {12}{7}}&{\frac {256}{63}}&-{\frac {20}{9}}&0\\0&0&0&-{\frac {20}{9}}&{\frac {500}{99}}&-{\frac {30}{11}}\\0&0&0&0&-{\frac {30}{11}}&{\frac {36}{11}}\\\end{array}}\right)}