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2016 United States House of Representatives elections

The 2016 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2016, to elect representatives for all 435 congressional districts across each of the 50 U.S. states to the 115th United States Congress. Non-voting members for the District of Columbia and territories of the United States were also elected. These elections coincided with the election of President Donald Trump, although his party lost seats in both chambers of Congress. The winners of this election served in the 115th Congress, with seats apportioned among the states based on the 2010 United States census. In October 2015, the House elected a new Speaker, Republican Paul Ryan, who was re-elected in the new term. Democrat Nancy Pelosi continued to lead her party as Minority Leader. Elections were also held on the same day for the U.S. Senate, many governors, and other state and local elections.

Democrats gained 6 seats in this election, although Republicans narrowly won the popular vote and won a 241–194 majority. Republicans suffered net losses in both houses of Congress, despite winning the presidency, a first for either party since the 2000 elections. This was also the first election since 2000 in which the winning presidential party lost House seats.

As of 2024, this is the last time Republicans won a majority of seats in Colorado, Virginia, Michigan and Pennsylvania, and the most recent election cycle in which Republicans won a House seat in Maine or any state in the New England region, or won every house seat in Kansas.

Results summary

Federal

Source: "Election Statistics – Office of the Clerk". Note: does not include blank and over/under votes which were included in the official results.

Per states

Maps

Retiring incumbents

Open seats highlighted by party.
Democratic-held seats:      Retiring      Not retiring
Republican-held seats:      Retiring      Not retiring

Forty-two Representatives declined to seek re-election in 2016, divided into eighteen Democrats and twenty-four Republicans.

Democrats

Eighteen Democrats retired.[2]

  1. Arizona 1: Ann Kirkpatrick retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  2. California 20: Sam Farr retired.
  3. California 24: Lois Capps retired.
  4. California 44: Janice Hahn retired to run for the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors.
  5. California 46: Loretta Sanchez retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  6. Delaware at-large: John Carney retired to run for Governor of Delaware.
  7. Florida 2: Gwen Graham retired.
  8. Florida 9: Alan Grayson retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  9. Florida 18: Patrick Murphy retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  10. Hawaii 1: Mark Takai died July 20, 2016, having already announced his planned retirement.
  11. Illinois 8: Tammy Duckworth retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  12. Maryland 4: Donna Edwards retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  13. Maryland 8: Chris Van Hollen retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  14. New York 3: Steve Israel retired.
  15. New York 13: Charles Rangel retired.
  16. Puerto Rico at-large: Pedro Pierluisi retired to run for Governor of Puerto Rico.
  17. Texas 15: Rubén Hinojosa retired.
  18. Washington 7: Jim McDermott retired.

Republicans

Twenty-four Republicans retired.[2]

  1. Arizona 5: Matt Salmon retired.
  2. Florida 1: Jeff Miller retired.
  3. Florida 4: Ander Crenshaw retired.
  4. Florida 11: Rich Nugent retired.
  5. Florida 19: Curt Clawson retired.
  6. Georgia 3: Lynn Westmoreland retired.
  7. Indiana 3: Marlin Stutzman retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  8. Indiana 9: Todd Young retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  9. Kentucky 1: Ed Whitfield resigned September 6, 2016, having previously announced his planned retirement.
  10. Louisiana 3: Charles Boustany retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  11. Louisiana 4: John Fleming retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  12. Michigan 1: Dan Benishek retired.
  13. Michigan 10: Candice Miller retired.
  14. Minnesota 2: John Kline retired.
  15. Nevada 3: Joe Heck retired to run for U.S. Senator.
  16. New York 19: Chris Gibson retired.
  17. New York 22: Richard Hanna retired.
  18. Pennsylvania 16: Joe Pitts retired.
  19. Tennessee 8: Stephen Fincher retired.
  20. Texas 19: Randy Neugebauer retired.
  21. Virginia 2: Scott Rigell retired.
  22. Virginia 5: Robert Hurt retired.
  23. Wisconsin 8: Reid Ribble retired.
  24. Wyoming at-large: Cynthia Lummis retired.

Incumbents defeated

In primary elections

Democrats

  1. Florida 5: Corrine Brown lost renomination to Al Lawson; the 5th district was redrawn in 2016 due to a court order[3]
  2. Pennsylvania 2: Chaka Fattah lost renomination to Dwight E. Evans. Subsequently, resigned on June 23, 2016.

Republicans

  1. Kansas 1: Tim Huelskamp lost renomination to Roger Marshall.
  2. North Carolina 2: Renee Ellmers lost renomination to fellow incumbent George Holding after court-ordered redistricting forced them into the same district.
  3. Virginia 2: Randy Forbes lost renomination to Scott Taylor after running in a new district following court-ordered redistricting.

In the general election

The Democrats had a net gain of five seats, taken from Republicans.

Democrats

One Democrat lost re-election to a fellow Democrat.

  1. California 17: Mike Honda lost to Ro Khanna.

One Democrat lost re-election to a Republican.

  1. Nebraska 2: Brad Ashford lost to Don Bacon.

Republicans

Six Republicans lost re-election to Democrats.

  1. Florida 7: John Mica lost to Stephanie Murphy.
  2. Florida 13: David Jolly lost to Charlie Crist.
  3. Illinois 10: Bob Dold lost to Brad Schneider.
  4. Nevada 4: Cresent Hardy lost to Ruben Kihuen.
  5. New Hampshire 1: Frank Guinta lost to Carol Shea-Porter.
  6. New Jersey 5: Scott Garrett lost to Josh Gottheimer.

Open seats that changed parties

Democrats had a net gain of one seat in which the incumbent was not on the ballot.

Democratic seats

One open seat was lost.

  1. Florida 18: Patrick Murphy (D) retired to run for Senate. Seat won by Brian Mast (R).

One open seat was lost as a result of redistricting.

  1. Florida 2: Gwen Graham (D) retired. Seat won by Neal Dunn (R).

Republican seats

One open seat was lost.

  1. Nevada 3: Joe Heck (R) retired to run for Senate. Seat won by Jacky Rosen. (D).

Two open seats were lost as a result of redistricting.

  1. Florida 10: Daniel Webster (R) instead ran in the 11th district. Seat won by Val Demings (D).
  2. Virginia 4: J. Randy Forbes (R) instead ran in the 2nd district. Seat won by Don McEachin (D).

Closest races

Thirty-five races were decided by 10% or lower.

Election ratings

Primary dates

This table shows the primary dates for regularly-scheduled elections. It also shows the type of primary. In an "open" primary, any registered voter can vote in any party's primary. In a "closed" primary, only voters registered with a specific party can vote in that party's primary. In a "top-two" primary, all candidates run against each other regardless of party affiliation, and the top two candidates advance to the second round of voting (in Louisiana, a candidate can win the election by winning a majority of the vote in the first round). All of the various other primary types are classified as "hybrid." Alaska in 2008 provides one example of a hybrid primary: the Democratic Party allowed unaffiliated voters to vote in its primary, while the Republican Party only allowed party members to vote in its primary.[4]

RIndicates a state that requires primary run-off elections under certain conditions.

Special elections

These elections were for the remainder of the term ending January 3, 2017. Sorted by date, then by state, then by district.

Alabama

Alaska

Arizona

Arkansas

California

Colorado

Connecticut

Delaware

Florida

Georgia

Hawaii

Idaho

Illinois

Indiana

Iowa

Kansas

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

Nebraska

Nevada

New Hampshire

New Jersey

New Mexico

New York

North Carolina

North Dakota

Ohio

Oklahoma

Oregon

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Utah

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

West Virginia

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Non-voting delegates

See also

Notes

  1. ^ As well as the 6 non-voting delegates.

References

  1. ^ a b "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved April 26, 2019.
  2. ^ a b "List of U.S. Congress incumbents who did not run for re-election in 2016". Ballotpedia.
  3. ^ Dixon, Matt (December 2, 2015). "Siding with redistricting plaintiffs, top court upends political landscape". Politico Florida. Archived from the original on December 3, 2015. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
  4. ^ a b "State Primary Election Types". National Conference of State Legislatures. June 24, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
  5. ^ "2016 Presidential Primary Dates and Candidate Filing Deadlines for Ballot Access" (PDF). FEC. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
  6. ^ "June 7, 2016 Special Congressional General Election Official Canvass". Ohio Secretary of State. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
  7. ^ Call, The Morning. "Election set to fill seat vacated by convicted congressman Chaka Fattah". Mccall.com. Archived from the original on July 2, 2016. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
  8. ^ "General Election 2016 – State of Hawaii – Statewide November 8, 2016 – Final Summary Report" (PDF). State of Hawaii Office of Elections. November 10, 2016. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
  9. ^ "KY - Election Results". Secretary of State of Kentucky. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
  10. ^ "2016 Alabama House Election Results". Politico.
  11. ^ "2016 Alaska House Election Results". Politico.
  12. ^ "2016 Arizona House Election Results". Politico.
  13. ^ "2016 Arkansas House Election Results". Politico.
  14. ^ "2016 California House Election Results". Politico.
  15. ^ "2016 Colorado House Election Results". Politico.
  16. ^ "2016 Connecticut House Election Results". Politico.
  17. ^ "2016 Delaware House Election Results". Politico.
  18. ^ "2016 Florida House Election Results". Politico.
  19. ^ "2016 Georgia House Election Results". Politico. July 26, 2016.
  20. ^ "2016 Hawaii House Election Results". Politico. November 8, 2016.
  21. ^ "2016 Idaho House Election Results". Politico.
  22. ^ "2016 Illinois House Election Results". Politico.
  23. ^ "2016 Indiana House Election Results". Politico.
  24. ^ "2016 Iowa House Election Results". Politico.
  25. ^ "2016 Kansas House Election Results". Politico.
  26. ^ "2016 Kentucky House Election Results". Politico. November 8, 2016.
  27. ^ "2016 Louisiana House Election Results". Politico. December 10, 2016.
  28. ^ "2016 Maine House Election Results". Politico.
  29. ^ "2016 Maryland House Election Results". Politico.
  30. ^ "2016 Massachusetts House Election Results". Politico.
  31. ^ "2016 Michigan House Election Results". Politico.
  32. ^ "2016 Minnesota House Election Results". Politico.
  33. ^ "2016 Mississippi House Election Results". Politico.
  34. ^ "2016 Missouri House Election Results". Politico.
  35. ^ "2016 Montana House Election Results". Politico.
  36. ^ "2016 Nebraska House Election Results". Politico.
  37. ^ "2016 Nevada House Election Results". Politico.
  38. ^ "2016 New Hampshire House Election Results". Politico.
  39. ^ "2016 New Jersey House Election Results". Politico.
  40. ^ "2016 New Mexico House Election Results". Politico.
  41. ^ "2016 New York House Election Results". Politico.
  42. ^ "2016 North Carolina House Election Results". Politico.
  43. ^ "2016 North Dakota House Election Results". Politico.
  44. ^ "2016 Ohio House Election Results". Politico. June 7, 2016.
  45. ^ "2016 Oklahoma House Election Results". Politico. August 23, 2016.
  46. ^ "2016 Oregon House Election Results". Politico.
  47. ^ "2016 Pennsylvania House Election Results". Politico. November 8, 2016.
  48. ^ "2016 Rhode Island House Election Results". Politico.
  49. ^ "2016 South Carolina House Election Results". Politico.
  50. ^ "2016 South Dakota House Election Results". Politico.
  51. ^ "2016 Tennessee House Election Results". Politico.
  52. ^ "2016 Texas House Election Results". Politico. May 24, 2016.
  53. ^ "2016 Utah House Election Results". Politico.
  54. ^ "2016 Vermont House Election Results". Politico.
  55. ^ "2016 Virginia House Election Results". Politico.
  56. ^ "2016 Washington House Election Results". Politico.
  57. ^ "2016 West Virginia House Election Results". Politico.
  58. ^ "2016 Wisconsin House Election Results". Politico.
  59. ^ "2016 Wyoming House Election Results". Politico.
  60. ^ "Election Statistics, 1920 to Present". US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives. September 11, 2001. Retrieved March 30, 2021.
  61. ^ "General Election 2016 - Certified Results". District of Columbia Board of Elections. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
  62. ^ "General election November 28, 2016. Official results". gec.guam.gov. Retrieved February 4, 2023.
  63. ^ "Election Statistics: 1920 to Present". US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives.