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Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 2012

El Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 2012 fue la 57.ª edición del Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión . Se celebró en Bakú , Azerbaiyán , tras la victoria del país en el concurso de 2011 con la canción « Running Scared » de Ell y Nikki . Fue la primera vez que Azerbaiyán acogió el concurso, solo cuatro años después de que el país hiciera su debut. Organizado por la Unión Europea de Radiodifusión (UER) y la emisora ​​anfitriona İctimai Television (İTV), el concurso se celebró en el Salón de Cristal de Bakú y consistió en dos semifinales el 22 y 24 de mayo, y una final el 26 de mayo de 2012. Los tres espectáculos en directo fueron presentados por la presentadora de televisión azerbaiyana Leyla Aliyeva , la presentadora de noticias Nargiz Birk-Petersen y el cantante Eldar Gasimov , este último uno de los ganadores de la edición anterior. [1] [2]

En el concurso participaron 42 países. Montenegro volvió a participar por primera vez desde 2009. Armenia , por su parte, se retiró debido a preocupaciones de seguridad en relación con el conflicto en curso en Nagorno-Karabaj con Azerbaiyán. Polonia tampoco participó debido a preocupaciones financieras.

El ganador fue Suecia con la canción " Euphoria ", interpretada por Loreen y escrita por Thomas G:son y Peter Boström . La canción ganó tanto el voto del jurado como el televoto y recibió 372 puntos de un máximo de 492. Rusia , Serbia , Azerbaiyán y Albania completaron los cinco primeros puestos, con Albania logrando su mejor resultado hasta la fecha. De los "cinco grandes", Alemania, Italia y España lograron ubicarse entre los 10 primeros, terminando octavo, noveno y décimo, respectivamente.

Los preparativos para el concurso estuvieron plagados de preocupaciones políticas y protestas en torno al país anfitrión, incluidos su historial en materia de derechos humanos y acusaciones de grupos de defensa de que Bakú estaba llevando a cabo desalojos forzosos durante la construcción de la sede del concurso.

Ubicación

Baku Crystal Hall, Bakú: sede del concurso de 2012.
El Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 2012 se celebrará en Bakú, Azerbaiyán
Estadio Tofiq Bahramov
Complejo deportivo y de exposiciones Heydar Aliyev
Salón de Cristal de Bakú
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Ubicación de los lugares sugeridos en Bakú , Azerbaiyán : el lugar elegido está marcado en azul, mientras que los lugares eliminados están marcados en rojo

Azerbaiyán obtuvo el derecho a albergar la edición de 2012 del Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión después de ganar la edición anterior de 2011 con la canción " Running Scared " interpretada por Ell y Nikki . [3] [4] Bakú , la capital y ciudad más grande de Azerbaiyán, así como la ciudad más grande del Mar Caspio y de la región del Cáucaso , fue nombrada ciudad anfitriona del concurso, siendo el lugar de celebración el Salón de Cristal de Bakú , construido unos meses antes del concurso en la costa de la ciudad.

Poco después de la victoria de Azerbaiyán en la edición de 2011, los funcionarios anunciaron que se construiría un nuevo recinto para conciertos de 23.000 asientos cerca de la Plaza de la Bandera Nacional en Bakú, como posible sede del evento. [5] [6] Tres días después, los organizadores revelaron otras opciones de recinto, como el Estadio Tofiq Bahramov de 37.000 asientos y el Complejo Deportivo y de Exposiciones Heydar Aliyev . [7] El 2 de agosto de 2011, Alpine Bau Deutschland AG recibió el contrato para construir el Salón de Cristal de Bakú. Los preparativos para la construcción comenzaron en el área poco después del anuncio. [8] Aunque no se mencionó el costo total del contrato, el gobierno asignó 6 millones de AZN para la construcción del recinto. [9]

El 8 de septiembre de 2011, Azad Azerbaijan TV (ATV) informó que el Baku Crystal Hall sería la sede del concurso, pero la UER no hizo ninguna confirmación formal en ese momento. El 31 de octubre de 2011, Ismayil Omarov, director general de la emisora ​​nacional azerbaiyana İctimai Television, anunció que el comité directivo tomaría una decisión sobre la elección del lugar en enero de 2012. [10] El 25 de enero de 2012, se confirmó que el Baku Crystal Hall sería la sede del concurso. [11] A pesar de que el lugar tenía una capacidad extendida de 23.000 personas, solo 16.000 personas pudieron asistir a cada espectáculo. [11] Las entradas para el concurso estuvieron disponibles en línea para su compra el 28 de febrero de 2012. [12] [13]

Países participantes

El 17 de enero de 2012, la UER anunció inicialmente que cuarenta y tres países participarían en el concurso de 2012. [14] La 57.ª edición vio el regreso de Montenegro , que fue representado por última vez por Andrea Demirović en 2009. [15] Polonia decidió no participar, debido a la carga financiera de la Eurocopa 2012 (que Polonia organizó junto con Ucrania) y los Juegos Olímpicos de Verano de 2012. [14] Armenia , que originalmente había planeado participar, luego retiró su solicitud debido a preocupaciones de seguridad relacionadas con el conflicto en curso de Nagorno-Karabaj con Azerbaiyán, reduciendo posteriormente el número de países participantes a 42. [16]

Artistas que regresan

Cuatro artistas regresaron al concurso de este año. Kaliopi por Macedonia , que ya había participado en el concurso de 1996 con la canción « Samo ti », que quedó en el puesto 26 en la ronda de preclasificación. [20] [21] Kaliopi volvería a representar a Macedonia en el Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 2016 .

Jónsi por Islandia [22] y Željko Joksimović por Serbia [23] participaron previamente en 2004. Joksimović había representado a Serbia y Montenegro en 2004 con la canción " Lane moje ", que quedó en segundo lugar ese año, y co-presentó el concurso de 2008 con Jovana Janković . Jónsi interpretó " Heaven " en 2004, que quedó en el puesto 19. [24]

Por segundo año consecutivo, Jedward participó por Irlanda , después de su octavo puesto en el concurso de 2011 con la canción " Lipstick ". [25] [26]

Martina Majerle , que representó a Eslovenia en 2009 , regresó como corista para Eslovenia.

Lys Assia , ganadora del primer Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión en 1956 , había presentado su canción "C'était ma vie", escrita por Ralph Siegel y Jean Paul Cara, en la selección nacional suiza para el concurso de 2012. [27] [28] Sin embargo, la canción sólo quedó en octavo lugar en una selección nacional muy reñida. Assia asistió al evento en Bakú como invitada de honor. [29]

Idiomas

La canción finlandesa " När jag blundar ", cantada por Pernilla Karlsson , fue la segunda canción finlandesa en sueco (después de " Fri? " de Beat en 1990) y la primera canción en ser cantada en sueco desde 1998. La canción rusa " Party for Everybody ", cantada por Buranovskiye Babushki , fue la primera canción en ser interpretada en udmurto . La canción georgiana " I'm a Joker " fue la primera canción de Eurovisión que contenía el idioma georgiano , mientras que la canción búlgara " Love Unlimited " tenía algunas palabras en el idioma azerbaiyano , ambas canciones nunca antes habían aparecido en el concurso.

Otros países

Miembros activos de la UER

Las emisoras miembros activas de la UER en Andorra , la República Checa , Luxemburgo y Polonia confirmaron su no participación antes del anuncio de la lista de participantes por parte de la UER. [35] [36] [37] [38 ] [39] [40] [41] [42] Las emisoras monegascas y marroquíes hicieron lo mismo, a pesar de las especulaciones previas sobre un posible regreso. [43] [44] [45] [46]

No miembro de la UER

El 26 de noviembre de 2011, se informó de que dos documentos oficiales de la UER demostraban que se había concedido a la única emisora ​​nacional de Liechtenstein , 1 FL TV , la membresía activa de la UER, lo que desató especulaciones sobre un debut para la nación. [47] Sin embargo, unos días después se aclaró que estos documentos contenían errores de edición. [48]

Formato

Presentadores del Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión 2012, de izquierda a derecha: Leyla Aliyeva , Eldar Gasimov y Nargiz Birk-Petersen

En una reunión del Grupo de Referencia de Eurovisión el 29 de junio de 2011, [49] se decidió que el sistema de televotación revertiría al formato utilizado más recientemente en el concurso de 2009 , en el que las líneas telefónicas y de SMS se abrían durante un período de quince minutos después de que se hubieran interpretado todas las canciones, en lugar de abrirse antes de que comenzara el espectáculo, que fue el sistema utilizado entre 2010 y 2011. El formato de los resultados de cada espectáculo siguió siendo el mismo y los votos de cada país se decidieron en una división 50:50 entre televotación y un jurado nacional . Cada país participante tenía su propio jurado nacional, que estaba formado por cinco miembros profesionales de la industria musical. [50]

Según las reglas oficiales publicadas el 24 de noviembre de 2011, el número de participantes en la gran final se elevó a 26, incluyendo el país anfitrión, los " Big Five " y los diez clasificados de cada semifinal. Esta fue la segunda vez en el Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión que 26 países estuvieron en la gran final, la primera fue en el concurso de 2003. [50] [51] [52]

Sorteo de asignación de semifinales

Ceremonia del sorteo de la semifinal en el Palacio Buta en Bakú.
Resultados del sorteo de asignación de semifinales
  Países participantes en la primera semifinal
  Precalificados para la final pero también votando en la primera semifinal
  Países participantes en la segunda semifinal [c]
  Precalificados para la final pero también votando en la segunda semifinal

El sorteo que determinó el orden de actuación de la semifinal se celebró el 25 de enero de 2012 en el Palacio Buta . Los países participantes, excluyendo a los finalistas automáticos (Azerbaiyán, Francia, Alemania, Italia, España y el Reino Unido), se dividieron en seis grupos, en función de cómo votaron esos países en concursos anteriores. De estos grupos, la mitad (o lo más cerca posible de la mitad) compitió en la primera semifinal el 22 de mayo de 2012. La otra mitad de ese grupo en particular compitió en la segunda semifinal el 24 de mayo de 2012. [53] Este sorteo también actuó como un orden de actuación aproximado, para que las delegaciones de los países supieran cuándo comenzarían sus ensayos y determinaran en qué semifinal se les permitiría votar a los finalistas automáticos. [54] [55]

Diseño gráfico

Diseño escénico del concurso.

El diseño del concurso se construyó en torno al lema "¡Enciende tu fuego!", inspirado en el propio apodo de Azerbaiyán, "Tierra del Fuego". [56]

Cada postal de presentación en video comenzaba con una imagen del artista y los intérpretes, seguida de la bandera y el nombre del país en una fuente manuscrita con un fondo que se asemejaba al fuego amarillo, naranja y rojo del arte temático de 2012. [57] Las postales consistían en varias tomas de Azerbaiyán, con una leyenda que mostraba 'Azerbaiyán' y debajo 'Tierra de ...' (por ejemplo, Tierra de Abundancia; Tierra de Poesía, etc.), que luego eran seguidas por el nombre de una ciudad o característica geográfica, mostrando el paisaje y la cultura del país. [57] Algunas postales se centraban en la ciudad anfitriona de Bakú con el texto cambiando a 'Bakú' y debajo 'Ciudad de ...' (por ejemplo, Ciudad del Jazz; Ciudad del Ocio, etc.). Las postales terminaban con una toma del Crystal Hall exhibida en los colores de la bandera del país que actuaba. Estas postales actuaron como un mecanismo turístico para presentar el país a una audiencia más amplia. [57] [58]

Los gráficos de los artistas, las canciones y los números, así como las tablas y los gráficos de votación, se mantuvieron iguales a los utilizados en 2011, con una ligera modificación para incorporar el tema artístico de 2012. [57] Los puntos inferiores (1-7) se resaltaron con cuadrados rojos, mientras que los puntos superiores (8, 10, 12) se resaltaron con cuadrados naranjas, y cada cuadrado aumentaba de tamaño en relación con el valor del punto. Ambos conjuntos de gráficos fueron diseñados por la agencia de diseño de marcas londinense Turquoise Branding. [59] [60]

Locutor anfitrión nacional

İctimai Television (İTV), que fue el miembro de la UER que transmitió el Festival de la Canción de Eurovisión en Azerbaiyán, es una de las emisoras de servicio público del país. [61] [62] El viceministro de Comunicación y Tecnología de la Información de Azerbaiyán , Iltimas Mammadov, declaró que las redes de telecomunicaciones estaban listas para albergar el evento. El operador de telecomunicaciones más grande de Azerbaiyán, Azercell , fue elegido como socio presentador del concurso. [63] El 1 de diciembre de 2011, İTV nombró a la productora alemana Brainpool como su socio de producción oficial para el concurso, citando la calidad de su trabajo en el concurso del año anterior. [64]

Descripción general del concurso

Semifinal 1

En la primera semifinal votaron Azerbaiyán, Italia y España. [53] La UER permitió a la emisora ​​albanesa Radio Televizioni Shqiptar (RTSH) aplazar la transmisión y utilizar únicamente los votos del jurado debido al accidente de autobús de Qafa e Vishës . [65]

  Calificadores

Semifinal 2

En la segunda semifinal votaron Francia, Alemania y el Reino Unido. Alemania solicitó que se les permitiera votar en esta semifinal. [53] Antes de retirarse, Armenia fue sorteada para participar en la primera mitad de esta semifinal. [16]

  Calificadores

Final

  Ganador

Portavoces

El orden en el que cada país anunció su voto se determinó mediante un sorteo tras los resultados del jurado en el ensayo general final. Al igual que en el concurso de 2011, se utilizó un algoritmo para añadir la mayor emoción posible. Los portavoces aparecen junto a cada país. [70]

  1.  Albania – Andri Xhahu
  2.  Montenegro – Marija Marković
  3.  Rumanía – Paula Seling
  4.  Austria – Kati Bellowitsch
  5.  Ucrania – Oleksiy Matias
  6.  Bielorrusia – Dmitry Koldun
  7.  Bélgica – Peter Van de Veire
  8.  Azerbaiyán – Safura Alizadeh
  9.  Malta – Keith Demicoli
  10.  San Marino – Mónica Fabbri
  11.  Francia – Amaury Vassili
  12.  Reino Unido – Scott Mills
  13.  Turkey – Ömer Önder [tr]
  14.  Greece – Adriana Magania
  15.  Bosnia and Herzegovina – Elvir Laković Laka
  16.  Moldova – Olivia Fortuna
  17.  Bulgaria – Anna Angelova
  18.   Switzerland – Sara Hildebrand
  19.  Slovenia – Lorella Flego
  20.  Cyprus – Loucas Hamatsos
  21.  Croatia – Nevena Rendeli
  22.  Slovakia – Mária Pietrová
  23.  Macedonia – Kristina Talevska
  24.  Netherlands – Vivienne van den Assem
  25.  Portugal – Joana Teles
  26.  Iceland – Matthías Matthíasson
  27.  Sweden – Sarah Dawn Finer[71]
  28.  Norway – Nadia Hasnaoui
  29.  Lithuania – Ignas Krupavičius
  30.  Estonia – Getter Jaani
  31.  Denmark – Louise Wolff [da]
  32.  Latvia – Valters Frīdenbergs
  33.  Spain – Elena S. Sánchez
  34.  Finland – Mr Lordi
  35.  Georgia – Sopho Toroshelidze
  36.  Italy – Ivan Bacchi [it]
  37.  Serbia – Maja Nikolić [sr]
  38.  Germany – Anke Engelke
  39.  Russia – Oxana Fedorova
  40.  Hungary – Éva Novodomszky
  41.  Israel – Ofer Nachshon
  42.  Ireland – Gráinne Seoige[d]

Detailed voting results

The EBU and PwC audit company checked and verified the individual jury and televoting results, which were combined to create the overall national vote for the contests. On 18 June 2012, the EBU published the following results.[72][73]

Semi-final 1

  Qualifiers

12 points

Below is a summary of the maximum 12 points each country awarded to another in the first semi-final:

Semi-final 2

  Qualifiers

12 points

Below is a summary of the maximum 12 points each country awarded to another in the second semi-final:

Final

  Winner

12 points

Below is a summary of the maximum 12 points each country awarded to another in the grand final:

Broadcasts

Most countries sent commentators to Baku or commentated from their own country, in order to add insight to the participants and, if necessary, the provision of voting information. In addition to the participating countries, the hosts mentioned that the contest was also broadcast in Australia and New Zealand. Known details on the broadcasts in each country, including the specific broadcasting stations and commentators are shown in the tables below.

Incidents

Human rights concerns

Azerbaijan's large investment in hosting the Eurovision contest was widely discussed in Western media as an attempt to "mitigate misgivings about its poor democracy and human rights record".[141][142] Elnur Majidli, an activist imprisoned during the Arab Spring-inspired 2011 Azerbaijani protests, was released in an apparent effort to soften Azerbaijan's image ahead of the contest, but many political prisoners remained.[142] Human Rights Watch reported a "violent crackdown on protesters" on the eve of the contest,[143] and Amnesty International condemned the "stern crackdown of freedom of expression, dissent, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), critical journalists, in fact anyone who criticised the Aliyev regime too strongly" that continued up to the contest.[144]

Human Rights Watch also criticised the Azerbaijani government and the Baku City Authority for carrying out forced evictions against local residents, in order to allow for the demolition of flats to make way for construction in the neighbourhood where the Baku Crystal Hall was built.[145] The Public Association for Assistance to Free Economy, a transparency and economic rights campaign group, had described the evictions as a "violation of human rights", and as having "no legal authority". However, in a statement to the BBC, the EBU said that on a recent visit to Baku they had observed "that the construction of the concert hall [which] media reports refer to was already well under way on a clean construction site and thus there are no demolitions needed".[146] The EBU cited the "apolitical" nature of the contest and the Azerbaijani government's claim that the construction was not tied to the contest.[145]

The contest's eventual winner Loreen met local human rights activists during the event weeks, the only entrant to do so. She later told reporters, "Human rights are violated in Azerbaijan every day. One should not be silent about such things."[144] An Azerbaijan government spokesman criticized her in response, saying that the contest should not "be politicised" and requested the EBU prevented further meetings of a similar nature.[147] Swedish diplomats replied that the EBU, the Swedish broadcaster SVT and Loreen had not acted against the competition's rules.[148]

On 26 May, a flash mob of anti-government protesters were quickly dispersed by police.[141] Activists expressed fears that they would face a crackdown when the international spotlight left Azerbaijan again at the end of the contest.[142] Before presenting the results of the German vote, the German spokesperson Anke Engelke gave a live statement that alluded to the human rights issues in Azerbaijan, saying: "Tonight nobody could vote for their own country. But it is good to be able to vote. And it is good to have a choice. Good luck on your journey, Azerbaijan. Europe is watching you."[149][150]

Tensions with Iran

Iranian officials objected to Azerbaijan hosting the contest, with Iranian clerics Ayatollah Mohammad Mojtahed Shabestari and Ayatollah Ja'far Sobhani condemning Azerbaijan for "anti-Islamic behaviour", while also claiming that Azerbaijan was hosting a gay parade.[151] This led to protests in front of Iranian embassy in Baku, where protesters carried slogans mocking the Iranian leaders. Ali Hasanov, head of the public and political issues department in Azerbaijani president's administration, said that gay parade claims were untrue, and advised Iran not to meddle in Azerbaijan's internal affairs.[152] In response, Iran recalled its ambassador from Baku,[153] while Azerbaijan demanded a formal apology from Iran for its statements in connection with Baku's hosting of the contest,[154] and later also recalled its ambassador from Iran.[155]

On 30 May, the Ministry of National Security of Azerbaijan announced that they had thwarted a series of planned terror attacks against the contest, among the targets being Baku Crystal Hall, as well as Marriott and Hilton hotels in Baku.[156] On 22 August, The Daily Telegraph reported that according to Western intelligence services, Iran's Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei personally gave orders to the elite Quds Force unit to launch terrorist attacks against the West and its allies, including Azerbaijan during the contest.[157]

Other awards

In addition to the main winner's trophy, the Marcel Bezençon Awards and the Barbara Dex Award were contested during the 2012 Eurovision Song Contest. The OGAE, "General Organisation of Eurovision Fans" voting poll also took place before the contest.

Marcel Bezençon Awards

The Marcel Bezençon Awards, organised since 2002 by Sweden's then-Head of Delegation and 1992 representative Christer Björkman, and 1984 winner Richard Herrey, honours songs in the contest's final.[158] The awards are divided into three categories: Artistic Award, Composers Award, and Press Award.[159]

OGAE

OGAE, an organisation of over forty Eurovision Song Contest fan clubs across Europe and beyond, conducts an annual voting poll first held in 2002 as the Marcel Bezençon Fan Award. After all votes were cast, the top-ranked entry in the 2012 poll was also the winner of the contest, "Euphoria" performed by Loreen; the top five results are shown below.[160][161][162]

Barbara Dex Award

The Barbara Dex Award is a humorous fan award given to the worst dressed artist each year. Named after Belgium's representative who came last in the 1993 contest, wearing her self-designed dress, the award was handed by the fansite House of Eurovision from 1997 to 2016 and is being carried out by the fansite songfestival.be since 2017.[163][164]

Official album

Cover art of the official album

Eurovision Song Contest: Baku 2012 was a compilation album put together by the European Broadcasting Union, and released by Universal Music Group on 4 May 2012. The album featured all 42 songs that entered in the 2012 contest, including the semi-finalists that failed to qualify into the grand final.[165]

Charts

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Specifically Mühlviertlerisch, a Central Bavarian dialect spoken in Upper Austria
  2. ^ On behalf of the German public broadcasting consortium ARD[19]
  3. ^ a b Armenia, which had originally been allocated into semi-final 2, withdrew from the contest in March 2012.
  4. ^ Ireland was originally scheduled to announce its votes as the 32nd country, but instead voted 42nd (last). The reason for this was technical difficulties in the minutes running up to the voting presentation.
  5. ^ a b Despite finishing with the same number of points as Bulgaria, Norway is deemed to have finished in tenth place due to receiving points from a greater number of countries, which resulted in Norway qualifying for the final over Bulgaria.
  6. ^ a b Despite finishing with the same number of points as Belarus, the Netherlands is deemed to have finished in fifteenth place due to receiving points from a greater number of countries.
  7. ^ a b Despite finishing with the same number of points as Macedonia, Romania is deemed to have finished in twelfth place due to receiving points from a greater number of countries.
  8. ^ Broadcast on 26 and 27 May 2012

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