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List of conservation areas in Brighton and Hove

Brunswick Terrace is part of the Brunswick Town conservation area.

As of 2020, there are 34 conservation areas in the city of Brighton and Hove,[1] a seaside resort on the English Channel coast in southeast England. The definition of a conservation area is a principally urban area "of special architectural or historic interest, the character or appearance of which it is desirable to preserve or enhance".[2] Such areas are identified according to criteria defined by Sections 69 and 70 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990. Brighton and Hove City Council is responsible for creating conservation areas within the city, and expands upon the statutory definition by stating that each area has "high townscape quality [and] its own distinctive character [... which] creates a sense of place".[3]

The city has existed in its present form only since 2000, when Queen Elizabeth II granted city status to the unitary authority of Brighton and Hove,[4][5] which was in turn created in 1997 by the amalgamation of Brighton and Hove Borough Councils.[6] Before 1997, the two councils were separately responsible for creating and administering conservation areas. Hove Borough Council designated the first two, in 1969: Charles Busby's expansive self-contained Brunswick Town estate,[7] with a twin-terrace centrepiece "as grand as anything in St Petersburg",[8] and the rapidly developed mid-19th-century suburb of Cliftonville, characterised by Italianate villas and large Tudorbethan houses.[9][10] The following year, Brighton Borough Council set up conservation areas to preserve and improve the historic centres of five ancient downland villages—Ovingdean, Patcham, Preston, Rottingdean and Stanmer—which became part of the urban area in 1928[11] and 1952[12] because of boundary changes. Brighton's own architectural set-piece, Thomas Read Kemp's "striking, [...] graceful and imposing" Kemp Town estate of the mid-1820s, by Busby and Amon Wilds,[13] was designated at the same time.[14]

Many more parts of the urban area have been included in conservation areas in subsequent years, either through the creation of new areas or by means of extensions to existing areas. One conservation area, Preston, was split into two (Preston Park and Preston Village) in 1988 after it had been extended several times.[15] Carlton Hill, an inner-city area in the east of Brighton which descended into poverty-stricken slum conditions in the early 20th century,[16][17] is the most recent addition to the list; about 4 acres (1.6 ha) of its historic centre was designated on 4 July 2008.[18] In 2004, when Carlton Hill had not yet been designated, the proportion of Brighton and Hove's urban area covered by conservation areas was about 18%.[3]

The city's conservation areas vary in character and size. Stanmer—an isolated, rural country estate with a mansion, church and single-street village—[19][20] is more than 200 times larger than the conservation area surrounding the similarly rural Benfield Barn, on the South Downs above Hangleton. Brunswick Town and Kemp Town, by Busby and Wilds, are famous, high-class 19th-century planned estates, each with dozens of listed buildings (including many at the highest Grade I);[21] each represents "the pinnacle of [their] work and ... considerable achievements in domestic architecture and town design".[13] In contrast, areas such as Sackville Gardens and Cliftonville are small-scale, piecemeal suburban developments with varied architectural styles and few or no listed buildings.[22][23] Woodland Drive and Tongdean have large 20th-century houses,[24][25] while the Engineerium conservation area consists of formerly industrial buildings.[26]

The government encourages but does not require local authorities to produce studies appraising the character of conservation areas.[3] As of 2017, two of Brighton and Hove's areas lacked formal appraisal documents.[27] The corresponding figure in 2004, when the city's conservation strategy was last revised, was 11.[28]

Conservation areas

In 1970, nearly 50 acres (20 ha) of Ovingdean—an ancient village east of Brighton—was designated a conservation area.[29]
The houses of Kings Gardens, on Hove seafront, are in The Avenues conservation area.
Regency Square is at the heart of the conservation area of the same name.
Stanmer (park and church pictured) is a rural area on the edge of the city.
Two-storey brick houses with decorative ironwork and gables characterise the Preston Park conservation area.
Round Hill has mid-19th-century terraced houses.
The expansive gabled houses of the Pembroke & Princes conservation area date from the late 1890s.
The former Goldstone Villas Methodist Church, in the Hove Station conservation area, was converted into offices in the 1960s.
This 19th-century drinking fountain is one of several distinctive structures in Queen's Park.
Topographical features can add to a conservation area's character. Round Hill Crescent, seen from Hartington Road to the east, "curves and changes height dramatically along its length".[30] The Preston Park conservation area is beyond.
1 Tilbury Place, built in about 1815, is one of several "fragments of early 19th-century Brighton" in the substantially redeveloped Carlton Hill area.[31]
Preston Manor, rebuilt from its 13th-century origins in 1738, is at the heart of the Preston Village conservation area.
East Cliff has many 19th-century squares and terraces, such as Eastern Terrace.
Clifton Terrace is part of the Montpelier & Clifton Hill conservation area.
Valley Gardens has buildings of various ages, sizes and uses, including the "elegant" Neo-Georgian Allied Irish Bank at 20–22 Marlborough Place, Brighton.[32]

Extensions and changes

The East Cliff conservation area may be extended to include the Fitzherbert Centre (foreground) and the Pelham Institute.

Section 69 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 requires local authorities not only to decide upon and designate conservation areas, but also to review their boundaries periodically.[65] Furthermore, Brighton's Borough Plan (adopted in 1995)[118] states that "consideration will be given to the inclusion of additional areas within existing conservation areas", and that "the opportunity to review the boundaries further will be taken when detailed plans for each conservation area are produced".[65]

Many conservation areas have been extended since they were originally designated. The first round of expansions came in 1977, when Brighton Borough Council changed the boundaries of East Cliff, Kemp Town, the Old Town, Queen's Park, Regency Square and Valley Gardens.[15] East Cliff had a further three extensions: in 1989, 1991 and 2002. The North Laine and neighbouring Valley Gardens areas were each extended in 1989 and 1995; Valley Gardens had already had a boundary change in 1988. More was added to Regency Square's area in 2005, to Patcham in 1992, and to West Hill in 1995.[15] As originally created in 1970, Stanmer conservation area covered only Stanmer House, the village and its environs. An extension in 1988 added much of the surrounding parkland, and more land was added in 2010.[19]

Preston is the only instance of a conservation area being split. Designated under that name in 1970, it was expanded in 1977, 1980 and 1981; in 1988, Brighton Borough Council decided to create two new areas, Preston Village and Preston Park, from this territory.[87] The latter in turn expanded in 1995.[15] A different approach was taken at Montpelier & Clifton Hill: until 2005 this conservation area was named "Clifton", but the council acknowledged that it covered territory in the Montpelier area of the city by introducing its present name in 2005.[15]

Conservation areas are occasionally extended to include single buildings which contribute significantly to an area's character. West Hill, whose residential development immediately followed the opening of Brighton railway station at the bottom of the hill in 1840, changed its boundaries to include it in 1988.[119] The East Cliff conservation area's northern boundary is Eastern Road, but in 2010 consideration was given to extending it north of this at Upper Bedford Street to incorporate Thomas Lainson's Grade II-listed Pelham Institute, a High Victorian Gothic building of the 1870s, and the neighbouring Fitzherbert Centre—a disused early-20th-century school.[48][120]

See also

Map

Benfield Barn
Benfield Barn
Brunswick Town
Brunswick Town
Carlton Hill
Carlton Hill
Cliftonville
Cliftonville
College
College
Denmark Villas
Denmark Villas
East Cliff
East Cliff
Engineerium
Engineerium
Hangleton
Hangleton
Hove Station
Hove Station
Kemp Town
Kemp Town
Montpelier & Clifton Hill
Montpelier & Clifton Hill
North Laine
North Laine
Old Hove
Old Hove
Old Town
Old Town
Ovingdean
Ovingdean
Patcham
Patcham
Pembroke & Princes
Pembroke & Princes
Portslade Old Village
Portslade Old Village
Preston Park
Preston Park
Preston Village
Preston Village
Queen's Park
Queen's Park
Regency Square
Regency Square
Rottingdean
Rottingdean
Round Hill
Round Hill
Sackville Gardens
Sackville Gardens
Stanmer
Stanmer
The Avenues
The Avenues
The Drive
The Drive
Tongdean
Tongdean
Valley Gardens
Valley Gardens
West Hill
West Hill
Willett Estate
Willett Estate
Woodland Drive
Woodland Drive
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Interactive map of Brighton and Hove. Hover over points to see the conservation area name.

References

Notes

  1. ^ "Conservation Areas". Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2020. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 26 February 2021.
  2. ^ "Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (c. 9)". The UK Statute Law Database. Ministry of Justice. 24 May 1990. Archived from the original on 27 January 2013. Retrieved 11 November 2012.
  3. ^ a b c Rowlands, Jenny (November 2004). "Conservation Strategy: A Strategy for the Conservation of Brighton & Hove's Historic Built Environment" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council. p. 5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  4. ^ "Our city by the sea". The Argus. Newsquest Media Group. 18 December 2000. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  5. ^ Collis 2010, p. 73.
  6. ^ Collis 2010, p. 156.
  7. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 113.
  8. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 11.
  9. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 194.
  10. ^ a b c Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 200.
  11. ^ Collis 2010, p. 34.
  12. ^ Collis 2010, p. 35.
  13. ^ a b Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 18.
  14. ^ a b "Kemp Town Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton Borough Council (Environmental Services Department). January 1992. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d e Collis 2010, p. 86.
  16. ^ Collis 2010, p. 4.
  17. ^ Collis 2010, p. 49.
  18. ^ a b "Carlton Hill Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 4 July 2008. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  19. ^ a b c "Stanmer Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  20. ^ a b Collis 2010, p. 325.
  21. ^ Collis 2010, p. 167.
  22. ^ a b "Cliftonville Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  23. ^ a b "Sackville Gardens Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  24. ^ a b "Tongdean Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  25. ^ a b "Woodland Drive Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). February 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  26. ^ a b "Engineerium Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  27. ^ "Conservation areas". Brighton & Hove City Council. 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  28. ^ Rowlands, Jenny (November 2004). "Conservation Strategy: A Strategy for the Conservation of Brighton & Hove's Historic Built Environment" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 December 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  29. ^ a b "Ovingdean Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  30. ^ a b "Round Hill Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 20 October 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
  31. ^ a b Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 192.
  32. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 87.
  33. ^ "Benfield Barn Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  34. ^ "Brunswick Town Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  35. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 112–127.
  36. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, pp. 453–454.
  37. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 83–85.
  38. ^ Collis 2010, p. 12.
  39. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 49–50.
  40. ^ a b Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 114.
  41. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 15.
  42. ^ "College Conservation Area". Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2013. Archived from the original on 10 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  43. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 16.
  44. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 141–142.
  45. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 75.
  46. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 443.
  47. ^ "Denmark Villas Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  48. ^ a b "East Cliff Conservation Area Study and Enhancement Plan" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). September 2002. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  49. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 127.
  50. ^ Collis 2010, p. 105.
  51. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 118–119.
  52. ^ "Hangleton Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). February 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  53. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 457.
  54. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 119.
  55. ^ Stuart 2005, p. 87.
  56. ^ "Hove Station Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 16 October 2014. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
  57. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 200–201.
  58. ^ a b c Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 116.
  59. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 143–154.
  60. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 449.
  61. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 68–71.
  62. ^ "Montpelier & Clifton Hill Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 20 October 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 19 August 2014. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  63. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 107.
  64. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 73–76.
  65. ^ a b c "North Laine Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton Borough Council (Environmental Services Department). January 1995. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2 December 2014. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  66. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 7.
  67. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 215–219.
  68. ^ "Old Hove Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  69. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 113.
  70. ^ "Old Town Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council. March 2017. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
  71. ^ "Old Town Conservation Area". Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2013. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  72. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 171–175.
  73. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, pp. 577–578.
  74. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 227–228.
  75. ^ Elliott, Emily-Ann (29 September 2010). "Ovingdean school bought for £4.5 million". The Argus. Newsquest Media Group. Archived from the original on 7 October 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  76. ^ Swinfen & Arscott 1984, p. 101.
  77. ^ "Patcham Conservation Area Appraisal (Draft)" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2010. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2013. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  78. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, pp. 458–459.
  79. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 109–110.
  80. ^ Swinfen & Arscott 1984, p. 103.
  81. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 236–239.
  82. ^ "Pembroke & Princes Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  83. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 198.
  84. ^ "Portslade Old Village Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 16 September 2010. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 December 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  85. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 459.
  86. ^ a b Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 205–206.
  87. ^ a b "Preston Park Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 20 October 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 February 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  88. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 251–252.
  89. ^ "Preston Village Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 20 October 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  90. ^ Collis 2010, p. 251.
  91. ^ "Queen's Park Conservation Area". Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2013. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  92. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 190–192.
  93. ^ "Regency Square Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 20 October 2005. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  94. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 88–91.
  95. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 95–111.
  96. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 261–262.
  97. ^ "Rottingdean Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). January 2012. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  98. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, pp. 121–123.
  99. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 593.
  100. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 282–286.
  101. ^ Collis 2010, p. 51.
  102. ^ Collis 2010, p. 287.
  103. ^ Brighton Polytechnic. School of Architecture and Interior Design 1987, p. 126.
  104. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 460.
  105. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 208.
  106. ^ "The Avenues Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2013.
  107. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 202.
  108. ^ "The Drive Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 18 February 1997. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  109. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 203.
  110. ^ "Valley Gardens Conservation Area Study and Enhancement Plan" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 13 September 1995. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  111. ^ Collis 2010, pp. 355–356.
  112. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, p. 92.
  113. ^ Nairn & Pevsner 1965, p. 455.
  114. ^ "West Hill Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  115. ^ Collis 2010, p. 363.
  116. ^ "Willett Estate Conservation Area Character Statement" (PDF). Brighton & Hove City Council (Design & Conservation Department). 2000. Archived from the original (PDF) on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 11 August 2010.
  117. ^ Antram & Morrice 2008, pp. 194–195.
  118. ^ "Council bid to build more low-cost housing". The Argus. Newsquest Media Group. 8 May 2003. Archived from the original on 31 July 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
  119. ^ Collis 2010, p. 326.
  120. ^ "Brighton and Hove Register of Applications: Application Number BH1999/01149/FP" (PDF). Brighton Borough Council Planning Application BH1999/01149/FP. Brighton Borough Council. 2 June 1999. Archived (PDF) from the original on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 31 July 2013.

Bibliography