Diodorus Siculus o Diodoro de Sicilia ( griego : Διόδωρος , translit. Diódōros ; fl. siglo I a. C.) fue un historiador griego antiguo . Es conocido por escribir la monumental historia universal Bibliotheca historica , en cuarenta libros, quince de los cuales sobreviven intactos, [1] entre el 60 y el 30 a.C. La historia está organizada en tres partes. El primero cubre la historia mítica hasta la destrucción de Troya , ordenada geográficamente, describiendo regiones de todo el mundo desde Egipto, India y Arabia hasta Europa. El segundo abarca el tiempo que va desde la Guerra de Troya hasta la muerte de Alejandro Magno . El tercero cubre el período hasta aproximadamente el 60 a.C. Bibliotheca , que significa "biblioteca", reconoce que se basó en el trabajo de muchos otros autores.
Vida
Según su propio trabajo, nació en Agyrium en Sicilia (ahora llamado Agira). [2] Con una excepción, la antigüedad no ofrece más información sobre su vida y sus acciones más allá de sus obras escritas. Sólo Jerónimo , en su Chronicon del "año de Abraham 1968" (49 a. C.), escribe: "Diodoro de Sicilia, un escritor de historia griega, se hizo ilustre". Sin embargo, su traductor inglés , Charles Henry Oldfather , comenta sobre la "sorprendente coincidencia" [3] de que una de las dos únicas inscripciones griegas conocidas de Agyrium ( Inscriptiones Graecae XIV, 588) es la lápida de un tal "Diodoro, el hijo de Apolonio". (“ Διόδωρος ∙ Ἀπολλωνίου ”). [4] [5] La obra final que se le atribuye es del 21 a.C. [6]
Trabajar
Biblioteca histórica , 1746
La historia universal de Diodoro , a la que llamó Bibliotheca historica ( griego : Βιβλιοθήκη Ἱστορική , "Biblioteca histórica"), era inmensa y constaba de 40 libros, de los cuales sobreviven 1 a 5 y 11 a 20: [7] fragmentos de los libros perdidos son conservado en Photius y los extractos de Constantine Porphyrogenitus .
It was divided into three sections. The first six books treated the mythic history of the non-Hellenic and Hellenic tribes to the destruction of Troy and are geographical in theme, and describe the history and culture of Ancient Egypt (book I), of Mesopotamia, India, Scythia, and Arabia (II), of North Africa (III), and of Greece and Europe (IV–VI).
In the next section (books VII–XVII), he recounts the history of the world from the Trojan War down to the death of Alexander the Great. The last section (books XVII to the end) concerns the historical events from the successors of Alexander down to either 60 BC or the beginning of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars. (The end has been lost, so it is unclear whether Diodorus reached the beginning of the Gallic War as he promised at the beginning of his work or, as evidence suggests, old and tired from his labours, he stopped short at 60 BC.) He selected the name "Bibliotheca" in acknowledgment that he was assembling a composite work from many sources. Identified authors on whose works he drew include Hecataeus of Abdera, Ctesias of Cnidus, Ephorus, Theopompus, Hieronymus of Cardia, Duris of Samos, Diyllus, Philistus, Timaeus, Polybius, and Posidonius.
^Stronk, Jan P. (2010). Ctesias' Persian History: Introduction, text, and translation by Ctesias. p. 60.
^"IG XIV 588 - PHI Greek Inscriptions". epigraphy.packhum.org. Retrieved 3 July 2024.
^"Diodorus Siculus - Greek historian". Retrieved 13 July 2023.
^"Diodorus Siculus". Encyclopædia Britannica. 4 April 2018.
General and cited references
Ambaglio, Dino; Landucci Gattinoni, Franca; Bravi, Luigi (2008). Diodoro Siculo: Biblioteca storica: commento storico: introduzione generale. Storia. Ricerche (in Italian). Milano: V&P. pp. x, 145. ISBN 9788834315842.
Buckley, Terry (1996). Aspects of Greek History 750-323 BC: A Source-based Approach. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-09958-7.
Diodorus Siculus (1935). Library of History: Loeb Classical Library. Translated by Oldfather, C. H. Cambridge, MA.: Harvard University Press.
Diodorus Siculus; H. Valesius; I. Rhodomannus; F. Ursinus (1814). The Historical Library of Diodorus the Sicilian in Fifteen Books to which are added the Fragments of Diodorus. Translated by G. Booth. London: J. Davis – via Google Books.
Diodori Siculi (1798). Peter Wesseling; L. Rhodoman; G. Heyn; N. Eyring (eds.). Bibliothecae Historicae Libri Qui Supersunt: Nova Editio (in Ancient Greek and Latin). Argentorati: Societas Bipontina – via Internet Archive.
Usher, Stephen (1969). The Historians of Greece and Rome. London: Hamish Hamilton. ISBN 0-2410-1527-8.
Braithwaite-Westoby, Kara. "Diodorus and the Alleged Revolts of 374–373 BCE," Classical Philology 115, no. 2 (April 2020): 265–270.
Clarke, Katherine. 1999. "Universal perspectives in Historiography." In The Limits of Historiography: Genre and Narrative in Ancient Historical Texts. Edited by Christina Shuttleworth Kraus, 249–279. Mnemosyne. Supplementum 191. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill.
Hammond, Nicholas G. L. 1998. "Portents, Prophecies, and Dreams in Diodorus' Books 14–17." Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 39.4: 407–428.
Hau, Lisa Irene, Alexander Meeus, and Brian Sheridan (eds.). 2018. Diodoros of Sicily: Historiographical Theory and Practice in the Bibliotheke. Peeters: Leuven.
McQueen, Earl I. 1995. Diodorus Siculus. The Reign of Philip II: The Greek and Macedonian Narrative from Book XVI. A Companion. London: Bristol Classical Press.
Muntz, Charles E. 2017. Diodorus Siculus and the World of the Late Roman Republic. New York: Oxford Univ. Press.
Pfuntner, Laura. 2015. "Reading Diodorus through Photius: The Case of the Sicilian Slave Revolts." Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies 55.1: 256–272.
Rubincam, Catherine. 1987. "The Organization and Composition of Diodorus' Bibliotheke." Échos du monde classique (= Classical views) 31:313–328.
Sacks, Kenneth S. 1990. Diodorus Siculus and the First Century. Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press.
Sinclair, Robert K. 1963. "Diodorus Siculus and the Writing of History." Proceedings of the African Classical Association 6:36–45.
Stronk, Jan P. 2017. Semiramis' Legacy. The History of Persia According to Diodorus of Sicily. Edinburgh: Edinburgh Univ. Press.
Sulimani, Iris. 2008. "Diodorus' Source-Citations: A Turn in the Attitude of Ancient Authors Towards their Predecessors?" Athenaeum 96.2: 535–567.
External links
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Greek original works
Greek Wikisource has original text related to this article: Ιστορική Βιβλιοθήκη
Diodorus Siculus. "Library" (in Ancient Greek). Perseus Digital Library. Books 1–5 only. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
"The Library of History" (in Ancient Greek). LacusCurtius. Books 6–10 only. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
Diodorus Siculus. "Library" (in Ancient Greek). Perseus Digital Library. Books 9–17 only. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
Diodorus Siculus. "The Library of History". Translated by C. H. Oldfather; C. L. Sherman; C. Bradford Welles; Russel M. Geer; F. R. Walton. LacusCurtius. Books 1–32 only. Retrieved 25 June 2017.
Diodorus Siculus. "Library". Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Theoi E-Texts Library. Books 4–6 only. Retrieved 8 October 2008.
Diodorus Siculus. "Library". Translated by C. H. Oldfather. Perseus Digital Library. Books 9–17 only. Retrieved 25 June 2017.
Diodorus Siculus. "Historical Library". Translated by Andrew Smith. Attalus.org. Books 33–40 only. Retrieved 7 February 2014.
