Lista de megaproyectos

A continuación se presenta una lista de megaproyectos , los cuales pueden definirse en las siguientes categorías:

• Proyectos que cuestan más de mil millones de dólares y atraen una gran cantidad de atención pública debido a sus impactos sustanciales en las comunidades , el entorno natural y construido y los presupuestos .
• Proyectos con “iniciativas físicas, muy costosas y públicas”. ^[1]

Algunos ejemplos incluyen puentes, túneles, autopistas, ferrocarriles, hospitales, aeropuertos, puertos marítimos, centrales eléctricas, represas, proyectos de aguas residuales, zonas económicas especiales (ZEE), proyectos de extracción de petróleo y gas natural, edificios públicos, sistemas de tecnología de la información, proyectos aeroespaciales y sistemas de armas. Esta lista identifica una amplia variedad de ejemplos de grandes proyectos históricos y contemporáneos que cumplen con uno o ambos criterios de megaproyecto identificados anteriormente.

Leyenda

Proyectos aeroespaciales

Limpieza de desastres

Si bien la mayoría de los megaproyectos se planifican y se llevan a cabo con una cuidadosa previsión, algunos se llevan a cabo por necesidad después de que ocurre un desastre natural . También ha habido algunos desastres provocados por el hombre . Fue necesaria una restauración importante después de la destrucción causada por la Primera y la Segunda Guerra Mundial , parte de la cual se pagó con las reparaciones alemanas por la Primera y la Segunda Guerra Mundial .

• 
  Construcción de la nueva estructura de confinamiento para el reactor nuclear que se fundió en Chernóbil en Ucrania .
• 
  Bolsas de residuos aceitosos se apilan durante la limpieza del derrame de petróleo del Exxon Valdez en 1989.
• 
  Limpieza del tsunami en Japón.
• 
  Un residente de Moore, Oklahoma, comienza a limpiar los escombros de los restos de su casa después del tornado de 2013 .

Proyectos de energía

Proyectos científicos

Esfuerzos de investigación y desarrollo

Infraestructura de Física y Astronomía

Detector compacto de solenoide de muones para el Gran Colisionador de Hadrones

Astronave

Otros proyectos de vuelos espaciales

Proyectos deportivos y culturales

Cada uno de los Juegos Olímpicos y la Copa Mundial de la FIFA de la última parte del siglo XX y la entrada en el siglo XXI han costado más de mil millones de dólares en estadios, hoteles, etc., normalmente varios miles de millones. Los Juegos Olímpicos se consideran el principal acontecimiento deportivo internacional del mundo, con la participación de más de 200 naciones. Los costes relacionados con los deportes para los Juegos de verano desde 1960 son de media 5.200 millones de dólares (USD) y para los Juegos de invierno 393,1 millones de dólares. El coste total más alto registrado fue el de los Juegos Olímpicos de Invierno de Sochi 2014 , con un coste aproximado de 55.000 millones de dólares. El Comité Olímpico Internacional exige un mínimo de 40.000 habitaciones de hotel disponibles para los espectadores visitantes y una Villa Olímpica con capacidad para albergar a 15.000 atletas, árbitros y funcionarios.

Infraestructura vial y de transporte

Los sistemas de transporte terrestre, como carreteras, túneles, puentes, terminales, ferrocarriles y sistemas de transporte público, suelen ser megaproyectos. Numerosos aeropuertos y terminales de gran tamaño utilizados para el transporte aéreo de pasajeros y carga se construyen como megaproyectos.

África

Asia

Europa

América del norte

Megaproyectos norteamericanos

• 
  El nuevo puente Port Mann de Vancouver con el antiguo puente totalmente demolido
• 
  Puente Baluarte en construcción, 2023
• 
  El sistema de carreteras de Boston antes y después de la Gran Excavación
• 
  El reemplazo finalizado y el antiguo tramo oriental del puente de la bahía de San Francisco-Oakland (2013)
• 
  El puente flotante Evergreen Point visto desde el extremo este en Medina poco después de su apertura en abril de 2016

Oceanía

Ciudades planificadas y proyectos de renovación urbana

África

• 
  Abuja fue la ciudad con más rápido crecimiento del mundo entre 2000 y 2010. ^[183]
• 
  Vista aérea de Madinaty .
• 
  El horizonte de Eko Atlantic desde la playa de Tarkwa Bay .
• 
  La autopista Lekki-Epe en Lekki .
• 
  Parque del Río Verde en la Nueva Capital Administrativa

Asia

• 
  TODTOWN en Shanghai , julio de 2019.
• 
  Nueva Bombay
• 
  Toma aérea de Pantai Indah Kapuk .
• 
  Atardecer en Roppongi Hills , visto desde la Torre Mori .
• 
  El horizonte de Islamabad , la capital de Pakistán.

Europa

• 
  Los rascacielos de La Défense a lo lejos, detrás de la Torre Eiffel
• 
  Überseequartier, uno de los barrios de HafenCity
• 
  Ensanche de Vallecas en Madrid al atardecer
• 
  Construcción de la gigafábrica de Northvolt en Skellefteå (2021)
• 
  La central eléctrica de Battersea de Londres reabrió sus puertas como centro comercial en 2022.

América del norte

• 
  Verclaire Gate South in Downtown Markham, Ontario.
• 
  Brickell Key in Miami.
• 
  Las Vegas CityCenter, the largest set of resorts in the largest gambling center in the world.
• 
  Panoramic shot of Battery Park City.

Oceania

South America

Water-related

Ports, waterways, canals, and locks for ships carrying passengers and cargo are built as megaprojects.

Africa

Asia

Europe

North America

South America

Hospitals

Europe

See also

• List of most expensive U.S. public works projects

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Enlaces externos

• Megaproyectos en Dubai