Superclass of crustaceans
The clade[1][2][3][4] Multicrustacea constitutes the largest superclass of crustaceans, containing approximately four-fifths of all described crustacean species, including crabs, lobsters, crayfish, shrimp, krill, prawns, woodlice, barnacles, copepods, amphipods, mantis shrimp and others. The largest branch of multicrustacea is the class Malacostraca (see below).
Classification
Superclass Multicrustacea Regier, Shultz, Zwick, Hussey, Ball, Wetzer, Martin & Cunningham, 2010 [5]
- †Family Priscansermarinidae Newman, 2004
- Class Copepoda Milne-Edwards, 1840 - Copepods [a]
- Infra-class Neocopepoda Huys & Boxshall, 1991
- Super-order Gymnoplea Giesbrecht, 1882
- Super-order Podoplea Giesbrecht, 1882
- Order Cyclopoida Burmeister, 1834
- Order Gelyelloida Huys, 1988
- Order Harpacticoida G. O. Sars, 1903
- Order Misophrioida Gurney, 1933
- Order Monstrilloida Sars, 1901
- Order Mormonilloida Boxshall,1979
- Order Polyarthra Lang, 1944 (=Canuelloida Khodami, Vaun MacArthur, Blanco-Bercial & Martinez Arbizu, 2017 )
- Order Siphonostomatoida Thorell, 1859
- Infra-class Progymnoplea Lang, 1948
- Class Thecostraca Gruvel, 1905[7][a]
- Class Tantulocarida Boxshall & Lincoln, 1983
- Class Malacostraca Latreille, 1802
- Subclass Eumalacostraca Grobben, 1892
- Superorder Eucarida Calman, 1904
- Superorder Peracarida Calman, 1904
- Order Amphipoda Latreille, 1816 - amphipodes, gammares
- Order Bochusacea Gutu & Iliffe, 1998
- Order Cumacea Krøyer, 1846 - cumaceae
- Order Ingolfiellida Hansen, 1903
- Order Isopoda Latreille, 1817 - isopods (including clover)
- Order Lophogastrida Sars, 1870 - lophogastrides
- Order Mictacea Bowman, Garner, Hessler, Iliffe & Sanders, 1985 - mictacés
- Order Mysida Haworth, 1825 - mysidacés
- †Order Pygocephalomorpha
- Order Spelaeogriphacea Gordon, 1957 - spelaeogriphaceae
- Order Stygiomysida Tchindonova, 1981 - stygiomysides
- Order Tanaidacea Dana, 1849 - tanaidaceae
- Order Thermosbaenacea Monod, 1927 - thermosbaenaceae
- Superorder Syncarida Packard, 1879
- Subclass Hoplocarida Calman, 1904
- Subclass Phyllocarida Packard, 1879
- †Order Archaeostraca Claus, 1888
- †Order Canadaspidida Novozhilov, 1960
- †Order Hoplostraca Schram, 1973
- †Order Hymenostraca Rolfe, 1969
- Order Leptostraca Claus, 1880
- †Genus Nothozoe Barrande, 1872
- Incertae sedis
Notes:
- ^ a b Class Hexanauplia Oakley, Wolfe, Lindgren & Zaharof, 2013 was proposed for copepods and thecopods, but not supported by subsequent studies.[6]
Fossil record
The earliest fossils representative of Multicrustacea are from the Cambrian.[8] However, the more specific timeline is uncertain. Some Cambrian fossils of uncertain taxonomic placement, such as those of Priscansermarinus, are nonetheless likely to be members of Multicrustacea.[citation needed]
Image gallery
Taxonomic references
Notes and references
- ↑ World Register of Marine Species, accessed 13 April 2016
- ^ J. C. Regier; J. W. Shultz; R. E. Kambic (22 February 2005). "Pancrustacean phylogeny: hexapods are terrestrial crustaceans and maxillopods are not monophyletic". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 272 (1561): 395–401. doi:10.1098/rspb.2004.2917. PMC 1634985. PMID 15734694.
- ^ Jerome C. Regier; Jeffrey W. Shultz; Andreas Zwick; April Hussey; Bernard Ball; Regina Wetzer; Joel W. Martin; Clifford W. Cunningham (25 February 2010). "Arthropod relationships revealed by phylogenomic analysis of nuclear protein-coding sequences". Nature. 463 (7284): 1079–1083. Bibcode:2010Natur.463.1079R. doi:10.1038/nature08742. PMID 20147900. S2CID 4427443.
- ^ Bjoern M. von Reumont; Ronald A. Jenner; Matthew A. Wills; Emiliano Dell'Ampio; Günther Pass; Ingo Ebersberger; Benjamin Meyer; Stefan Koenemann; Thomas M. Iliffe; Alexandros Stamatakis; Oliver Niehuis; Karen Meusemann; Bernhard Misof (March 2012). "Pancrustacean phylogeny in the light of new phylogenomic data: support for Remipedia as the possible sister group of Hexapoda". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 29 (3): 1031–1045. doi:10.1093/molbev/msr270. PMID 22049065.
- ^ Todd H. Oakley; Joanna M. Wolfe; Annie R. Lindgren; Alexander K. Zaharoff (January 2013). "Phylotranscriptomics to bring the understudied into the fold: monophyletic ostracoda, fossil placement, and pancrustacean phylogeny". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 30 (1): 215–233. doi:10.1093/molbev/mss216. PMID 22977117.
- ^ WoRMS. "Multicrustacea". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ WoRMS. "Hexanauplia". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 14 December 2022.
- ^ "World Register of Marine Species, Class Thecostraca". Retrieved 2021-08-24.
- ^ Collette, Joseph H.; Hagadorn, James W. (2010). "Early evolution of phyllocarid arthropods: phylogeny and systematics of Cambrian–Devonian archaeostracans". Journal of Paleontology. 84 (5): 795–820. Bibcode:2010JPal...84..795C. doi:10.1666/09-092.1. S2CID 85074218.