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Government of Palestine

The government of Palestine is the government of the Palestinian Authority or State of Palestine. The Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization (EC) is the highest executive body of the Palestine Liberation Organization and acts as the government. Since June 2007, there have been two separate administrations in Palestine, one in the West Bank and the other in the Gaza Strip. The government on the West Bank was generally recognised as the Palestinian Authority Government. On the other hand, the government in the Gaza Strip claimed to be the legitimate government of the Palestinian Authority. Until June 2014, when the Palestinian Unity Government was formed, the government in the West Bank was the Fatah-dominated Palestinian government of 2013. In the Gaza Strip, the government was the Hamas government of 2012. Following two Fatah–Hamas Agreements in 2014, on 25 September 2014 Hamas agreed to let the PA Government resume control over the Gaza Strip and its border crossings with Egypt and Israel, but that agreement had broken down by June 2015, after President Abbas said the PA government was unable to operate in the Gaza Strip.

History

The following organizations have claimed or exercised authority over the Palestinian people in the past:

PNA governments

Palestinian National Authority was formally an interim administrative body established by the PLO pursuant to the Oslo Accords of 1993. Pursuant to the Oslo Accords, the PA Government had only authority over some civil rights of the Palestinians in the West Bank Areas A and B and in the Gaza Strip, and over internal security in Area A and in Gaza. One of the security tasks was the security cooperation between Israel and the Palestinian Authority, which among other things aimed at the prevention of Palestinian attacks on the Israeli army and settlers. Until 2007 it exercised control of populated areas in Area A and B of the West Bank and in the Gaza Strip:

Split of Fatah and Hamas

Since June 2007, the Fatah-led government has exercised authority in Ramallah, West Bank, and has been recognized as the official government of the Palestinian Authority; while since Hamas took control in the Gaza Strip, it has exercised de facto control there, ousting Fatah PNA representatives in June 2007.

Following 2023-present War

Following talks mediated by China, on 23 July 2024, Palestinian groups including Hamas and Fatah reached an agreement to end their divisions and form an interim unity government, which they announced in the "Beijing Declaration".[10] The agreement was designed to address governance for "the day after" a ceasefire with Israel.[10]

See also

References

  1. ^ Abbas confirms resignation from PLO Executive Committee Archived 2015-09-10 at the Wayback Machine. The Middle East Monitor, 24 August 2015
  2. ^ Sayigh, Yezid (1999). Armed Struggle and the Search for State: The Palestinian National Movement, 1949–1993 (illustrated ed.). Oxford University Press. p. 624. ISBN 9780198296430.
    "The Palestinian National Council also empowered the central council to form a government-in-exile when appropriate, and the executive committee to perform the functions of government until such time as a government-in-exile was established."
  3. ^ Status of Palestine in the United Nations. UNGA Resolution A/RES/67/19, 29-11-2012
    "Taking into consideration that the Executive Committee of the Palestine Liberation Organization, in accordance with a decision by the Palestine National Council, is entrusted with the powers and responsibilities of the Provisional Government of the State of Palestine"
  4. ^ a b PLO vs. PA Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine. Passia, September 2014
  5. ^ "New Palestinian government sworn in". The Jerusalem Post. 13 April 2019.
  6. ^ Palestinian unity government resigns. Al Jazeera, 17 June 2015
  7. ^ Hamas Rejects 'One-sided' Dissolution of Palestinian Government. Haaretz, 17 June 2015
  8. ^ Abbas to reshuffle Palestinian gov't. Xinhua, 1 July 2015
  9. ^ New cabinet reshuffle on consensus government. Ma’an, 1 July 2015
  10. ^ a b Chen, Laurie; Al-Mulgrabi, Nidal (23 July 2024). "Palestinian Factions Agree to Form Unity Government after Talks in China". Reuters. Retrieved 23 July 2024.