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Manchester (UK Parliament constituency)

Manchester was a Parliamentary borough constituency in the county of Lancashire which was represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom. Its territory consisted of the city of Manchester.

History

Manchester had first been represented in Parliament in 1654, when it was granted one seat in the First Protectorate Parliament. However, as with other boroughs enfranchised during the Commonwealth, it was disenfranchised at the Restoration of the monarchy in 1660.

The subsequent growth of Manchester into a major industrial city left its lack of representation a major anomaly, and demands for a seat in Parliament led to a mass public meeting in August 1819. This peaceful rally of 60,000 pro-democracy reformers, men, women and children, was attacked by armed cavalry resulting in 15 deaths and over 600 injuries,[1] and became known as the Peterloo Massacre.

Reform was attempted unsuccessfully by Lord John Russell, whose bills in 1828 and 1830 were rejected by the Commons. The city was finally enfranchised by the Reform Act of 1832, and at the 1832 general election, Manchester returned two Members of Parliament (MPs). The Reform Act 1867 increased this in 1868 to three Members of Parliament.

Under the Redistribution of Seats Act 1885, the constituency was abolished with effect from the 1885 general election, when the city was split into six new single-member divisions: East, North, North East, North West, South, and South West.

Members of Parliament

MPs 1654–1660

MPs 1832–1885

Elections

Elections in the 1880s

Elections in the 1870s

Elections in the 1860s

Elections in the 1850s

Elections in the 1840s

Elections in the 1830s

Sources

References

  1. ^ Ward, David (27 December 2007). "New plaque tells truth of Peterloo killings 188 years on". The Guardian. London: Guardian News and Media Ltd. Retrieved 25 March 2008.
  2. ^ Leigh Rayment's Historical List of MPs – Constituencies beginning with "L" (part 1)
  3. ^ Craig, F. W. S. (1989) [1977]. British parliamentary election results 1832–1885 (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. p. 206. ISBN 978-0-900178-26-9.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h Stooks Smith, Henry. (1973) [1844–1850]. Craig, F. W. S. (ed.). The Parliaments of England (2nd ed.). Chichester: Parliamentary Research Services. pp. 184–185. ISBN 978-0-900178-13-9.
  5. ^ a b Churton, Edward (1838). The Assembled Commons or Parliamentary Biographer: 1838. pp. 182, 221 – via Google Books.
  6. ^ a b Mosse, Richard Bartholomew (1838). The Parliamentary Guide: a concise history of the Members of both Houses, etc. pp. 205, 223 – via Google Books.
  7. ^ "Sherborne Mercury". 9 September 1839. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  8. ^ "Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard". 7 September 1839. pp. 2–3 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  9. ^ Hawkins, Angus (2015). "'Parliamentary Government' and its Critics". Victorian Political Culture: 'Habits of Heart and Mind'. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 130. ISBN 9780198728481.
  10. ^ "The Milner-Gibsons". The Milner-Gibsons (1806-1986). 3 August 2013.
  11. ^ Jenkins, Terry. "Parties, Politics and Society in Mid-Victorian Britain" (PDF). St Ambrose College. p. 2. Retrieved 7 April 2018.
  12. ^ Hawkins, Angus (Winter 2009–10). "Celebrating 1859: Party, Patriotism and Liberal Values" (PDF). Journal of Liberal History. 65: 11.
  13. ^ Douglas, David C., ed. (2006). English Historical Documents. New York: Taylor & Francis e-Library. p. 26. ISBN 978-0-203-19907-7.
  14. ^ a b Silver, Arthur (1966). Manchester Men & Indian Cotton 1847-72. Manchester: Manchester University Press. p. 17.
  15. ^ a b Trevelyan, George Macaulay (1913). The Life of John Bright. London: Constable and Company. p. 259.
  16. ^ Taylor, Antony (1997). "'The Best Way to Get What He Wanted': Ernest Jones and the Boundaries of Liberalism in the Manchester Election of 1868". Parliamentary History. 16 (2): 185–204. doi:10.1111/j.1750-0206.1997.tb00225.x.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Craig, F. W. S., ed. (1977). British Parliamentary Election Results 1832-1885 (e-book) (1st ed.). London: Macmillan Press. pp. 206–207. ISBN 978-1-349-02349-3.
  18. ^ "Borough of Manchester Election, 1876". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 12 February 1876. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  19. ^ "Manchester". Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer. 15 November 1867. p. 4 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  20. ^ "Representation of Manchester - Candidature of Mr Mitchell Henry". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. Manchester. 26 November 1867. p. 1 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  21. ^ "Manchester". Westmorland Gazette. Cumbria. 16 November 1867. p. 5 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  22. ^ "Manchester". Manchester Courier and Lancashire General Advertiser. 30 April 1859. pp. 6–7 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  23. ^ "Manchester". Wolverhampton Chronicle and Staffordshire Advertiser. 4 May 1859. p. 7 – via British Newspaper Archive.
  24. ^ "Stonehaven Journal". 20 July 1852. p. 2 – via British Newspaper Archive.