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Apostolic vicariate

An apostolic vicariate is a territorial jurisdiction of the Catholic Church under a titular bishop centered in missionary regions and countries where dioceses or parishes have not yet been established. The status of apostolic vicariate is often a promotion for a former apostolic prefecture, while either may have started out as a mission sui iuris. It is essentially provisional, though it may last for a century or more. The hope is that the region will generate sufficient numbers of Catholics for the Church to create a diocese one day.

It is exempt, directly subject to the missionary Dicastery for Evangelization of the Vatican in Rome. Like the stage of apostolic prefecture which often precedes it, the vicariate is not part of an ecclesiastical province. It is intended to mature in developing Catholic members until it can be promoted to a (usually suffragan) diocese.

The Eastern Catholic and Eastern Orthodox Church counterpart is an (apostolic, patriarchal, or archiepiscopal) exarchate.

Institution

An apostolic vicariate is led by a vicar apostolic, who is usually a titular bishop. While such a territory can be classed as a particular Church, according to canon 371.1 of the Latin Code of Canon Law, a vicar apostolic's jurisdiction is an exercise of the jurisdiction of the Pope — the territory comes directly under the pope as "universal bishop", and the pope exercises this authority through a "vicar".[1] This is unlike the jurisdiction of a diocesan bishop, whose jurisdiction derives directly from his office.

Like any ecclesiastical jurisdiction, an apostolic vicariate may be administered by the bishop of a neighbouring diocese, or by a priest appointed transitionally as an apostolic administrator. As in a regular diocese, the vicar apostolic may appoint priests as vicars exercising limited jurisdiction over the apostolic vicariate. Normally, a titular bishop is appointed to administer the apostolic vicariate. When someone who does not qualify or has not been ordained as bishop is appointed ad interim, he may be styled Pro-vicar.[2]

Un vicariato apostólico debe distinguirse de una prefectura apostólica , un tipo similar de territorio cuya principal distinción de un vicariato apostólico es que su prefecto no es un obispo titular , sino un sacerdote. La prefectura no se considera lo suficientemente organizada como para ser elevada a vicariato apostólico. El caso menos desarrollado es la misión sui iuris , que aparte de las antes mencionadas no es una iglesia particular, aunque comparte algunas similitudes con una; a su cabeza se nombra un superior eclesiástico . La secuencia habitual de desarrollo es misión, prefectura apostólica, vicariato apostólico y finalmente diócesis (o incluso arquidiócesis). Véase también exarca apostólico para una contraparte católica oriental.

El vicariato apostólico se distingue de una abadía territorial (o " abadía nullius "): un área que no es una diócesis sino que está bajo la dirección del abad de un monasterio .

A partir de 2019, a los nuevos Vicarios Apostólicos, aunque sean (o se conviertan en) obispos, ya no se les asignan sedes titulares.

Lista

Vicariatos apostólicos actuales

África

Las Americas

Asia

Europa

Vicariatos apostólicos históricos

(incompleto)

Los vicariatos apostólicos inactivos (y/o nombres anteriores, a menudo promovidos a diócesis) están en cursiva . Los vicariatos apostólicos católicos orientales (principalmente de rito bizantino) están en negrita .

África

Las Americas

Asia

Europa

Oceanía

Ver también

Referencias

  1. ^ Código de Derecho Canónico, Libro II, Canon 371§1
  2. ^ Fanning, William. "Vicario Apostólico". La enciclopedia católica vol. 15. Nueva York: Robert Appleton Company, 1912. 8 de marzo de 2023 Dominio publicoEste artículo incorpora texto de esta fuente, que es de dominio público .
  3. ^ Cheney, David M. "Arquidiócesis de Seúl". catholic-hierarchy.org . Consultado el 20 de agosto de 2015 .[ fuente autoeditada ]

enlaces externos

Wikimedia Commons tiene medios relacionados con los vicariatos apostólicos .