The following general election candidates currently have ballot access to at least 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to win the electoral college. Ballot access deadlines vary from state to state.
Candidates with majority ballot or write-in access
The following candidates will have either ballot or write-in access to more than 270 electoral votes (EV), the minimum number required to attain the presidency.
Candidates with partial ballot access
The following general election candidates will have ballot access to fewer than 270 electoral votes, the minimum number required to attain the presidency.
Withdrawn candidates with ballot access
Candidates without ballot access
Parties and candidates in this section have not attained ballot access in any states, yet are running as declared write-ins in various states.
Prior to the LP 2024 National Convention, 38 candidates filed with the Federal Election Commission to run for the Libertarian Party presidential nomination in 2024.[74]
Nominee
Eliminated at convention
This section includes candidates who filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Libertarian Party and who met one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) participated in at least three Libertarian Party-sponsored debates; or c) received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.
Withdrew before the primaries
Green Party
The Green Party is holding a series of presidential primaries through which convention delegates will be awarded to candidates and will nominate the party's presidential ticket at the 2024 Green National Convention,[96] which is scheduled to take place as a virtual event from August 15 to 18, 2024.[97]
The individuals listed below are declared candidates who have filed paperwork with the Federal Election Commission with intent to run under the Green Party and who meet one or more of the following criteria: a) meet Wikipedia's notability guidelines; b) have participated (or have been invited to participate) in at least two Green Party-sponsored debates or c) have received non-trivial media coverage as a candidate in this election cycle.
Jim Harvey of Georgia (who ultimately did not seek the nomination), Joel Skousen, and Randall Terry participated in an April 6 debate in Dearborn, Michigan.[114][115]
Terry won the nomination by securing a majority in the first round. The votes largely broke down along geographic lines. Skousen, who is from Utah, received all 61 votes from the delegations of the Four Corners states, but only 19 votes from the rest of the country combined. The only state delegations he carried outside of the region were New Hampshire and West Virginia. Venable won the majority of votes from South Carolina and his home state of Missouri and Daniel Cummings won a plurality in his home state of Wyoming. The remaining ten delegations were all won by Terry.[110]
Pastor and political commentator Stephen Broden, who was running on a ticket with Terry, received the vice presidential nomination via voice vote.[116]
Aside from the presidential nomination, much of the debate at the convention focused on an ultimately defeated amendment by Skousen to remove references to God from the party platform.[117]
The Constitution Party received 60,023 votes in the 2020 election.
The Nevada, Utah and Idaho[citation needed] state parties split from the national party and nominated Skousen.[119]
American Independent Party
The American Independent Party held a non-binding presidential preference primary in California on March 5, 2024. James Bradley was the only candidate listed on the ballot and defeated Andrew George Rummel, who was a recognized write-in candidate.[120][121]
On April 29, 2024, the party announced that it had nominated independent presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr.[123][124]
Legal Marijuana Now Party
The Legal Marijuana Now Party held its first-ever presidential nomination primary in Minnesota on Super Tuesday, March 5. This was the first presidential primary to be held in Minnesota for a third party since 1916.[125]Krystal Gabel withdrew from the race during Legal Marijuana Now Party's candidate filing discussions. When Gabel asked to be removed from the ballot, after early voting had started on January 19, 2024, the Minnesota Secretary of State's office stated that changes cannot be made to the list of candidates after the list was certified 63 days prior to the election, and Gabel's name remained on ballots.[126]
Of Minnesota's three major political parties, all of which included a write in option for their 2024 nominating primaries, only the Legal Marijuana Now party submitted to the Secretary of State a write in name to be counted, singer-songwriter Willie Nelson.[128]
Gabel won a plurality of the vote (28.8%), but withdrew ahead of the primary. Of declared candidates, Dennis Schuller finished in the lead, with 17.4%.[130] At the state convention in Bloomington on July 6, Schuller was later chosen as the presidential nominee, with Reyes as his running mate.[131] However, the party lost automatic ballot access in a May 2024 ruling by the Minnesota Supreme Court, meaning party officials would have to petition for ballot access.[132]
The party is also ballot-qualified in Nebraska, but no candidates qualified for the May 14 primary. Instead, the state affiliate party nominated Cornel West.[133]
The American Solidarity Party announced on June 2, 2023, that Peter Sonski had won their party's online primary, which lasted from May 24 to June 1. Sonski was nominated in the first round of ranked-choice voting with 52%. Sonski then selected Lauren Onak as his vice president, who was then officially nominated via unanimous consent.
Approval Voting Party
The Approval Voting Party received 409 votes for president in 2020.[138] It is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[139] On March 16, the party nominated Blake Huber for president and Andrea Denault for vice president.[140]
Green Mountain Peace and Justice
The Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party is a regional ballot-qualified party in Vermont which has regularly nominated candidates for president since 1972.[141] It nominated Gloria La Riva, the PSL nominee, in 2020. She received 166 votes in Vermont.[138] On April 28, the party nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president.[142]
Natural Law Party
The Michigan Natural Law Party held its nominating convention on April 17, 2024, where it nominated independent candidate Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for President and Nicole Shanahan for Vice President. Party chairman Doug Dern claimed fellow independent candidate Cornel West also sought the party's ballot access.[143] Kennedy later attempted to remove his name from the ballot in Michigan, but was blocked in courts.
The party is also presidential ballot-qualified in Florida. The Florida party did not nominate a candidate in the 2020 or the 2024 election.[144]
Prohibition Party
The Prohibition Party held its presidential nominating convention on May 8–9, 2023, in Buffalo, New York. Three candidates stood for nomination; Michael Wood was nominated on the first ballot.[145]
Unity Party
The Bill Hammons-led faction of the Unity Party of America nominated Paul Noel Fiorino and Matthew May for president and vice president respectively at the 7th United National Convention over Google Meet on April 6, 2024.[147]
However, the Colorado faction of the party, which is the only state party with ballot access, met on April 13, 2024, and nominated independent candidate Cornel West for president and his running mate, Melina Abdullah for vice president.[148][149][better source needed]
The party is currently only ballot-approved in Colorado.[139] In 2020, party co-founder Bill Hammons was on the ballot in three states and received 6,647 votes.[138]
Alliance Party
The Alliance Party received 88,236 votes for president in 2020.[138] It and its affiliates are ballot-qualified in Alaska, Connecticut, and South Carolina.[151][152][153]
The Alliance Party of South Carolina nominated Independent Robert F. Kennedy Jr. for its ballot line, but he later withdrew his name from the ballot in South Carolina.
Suzzanna Tanner, independent write-in candidate for president;[166]
Susan Buchser-Lochocki, voting rights activist and unregistered write-in candidate for president;[167]
Liberal Party
The Liberal Party, formerly the Association of State Liberty Parties, has qualified state parties in Massachusetts and New Mexico which were, until 2022, affiliated with the national Libertarian Party.[168][169] These parties received a combined 59,598 votes in 2020.
Chase Oliver, 2024 Libertarian Party nominee for president[170]
Charles Ballay, 2024 Libertarian presidential candidate[170]
Cascade Party
The Cascade Party petitioned to place Krist Novoselić and James Carroll on the ballot in Washington,[171] as that is a requirement to gain state recognition of a new party.[172] Novoselić later withdrew his name from the ballot.
Declined to be candidates
No Labels
The following individuals have declined to be candidates for the No Labels unity ticket. On April 4, 2024, the organization announced it would not run a presidential campaign.[173]
Andrew Yang, co-chair of the Forward Party (2022–present), Democratic candidate for president in 2020 and for mayor of New York City in 2021[196][197](Initially endorsed Phillips, later endorsed Harris)[198][199]
Third party
The following notable individuals have been the subject of speculation about their possible candidacies, but have publicly denied interest in running.
Candidates invited to the debate were: Biden, Kennedy, Oliver, Stein, Terry, Trump, and West. Oliver, Stein, and Terry participated.[214]
September 18 debate (Los Angeles) (cancelled)
A third debate was scheduled for September 18 in Los Angeles,[216] but it was cancelled.[217]
October 23 debate (Hollywood)
A third debate is scheduled for October 23 in Hollywood. Harris, Trump, West, Oliver, Stein, Terry, and de la Cruz were invited.[217] Oliver, Stein and Terry have confirmed their participation.[218]
Forums
The Muslim Civic Coalition hosted a forum featuring Jill Stein and Cornel West on February 3 in Oak Brook, Illinois. The organization claimed all presidential candidates were invited to attend.[219]
The Abandon Biden movement held an online forum on June 13 featuring Jill Stein,[220] Cornel West,[221] and Claudia de la Cruz[222] focused on promoting "pro-Palestine" candidates for President.[223][224]
Ballot access
Polling
Aggregate polls
This table will only include polling aggregates that tracks at least one third-party candidate.
^Margaret Trowe was originally named the party's vice presidential nominee but withdrew due to health issues
^Unaffiliated with national Natural Law Party
^Disaffiliated with Unity Party of America
^Disaffiliated with Constitution Party
^While the Presidential and Vice-Presidential nominations occur separately, Presidential candidates often make known their preferred Vice Presidential nominees should they receive the nomination
^Originally was announced as Kristin Alexander[77]
^Lars Mapstead, who was seeking the Libertarian nomination at the time, and Jasmine Sherman, who was seeking the Green nomination at the time, also participated.
^Joe Biden, who was the presumptive Democratic nominee at the time of the debate, was invited to attend but declined.
^including several other parties
^including several other parties
^Includes:
1% for other
1% for I would not vote
^ a b c d e f g hIndividual was not officially on poll but respondents volunteered the name
^Includes:
2% for other
2% for "I would not vote"
^Includes:
1% for other candidate
1% for would not vote
^Includes:
3% for would no vote
2% for other candidate
1% skipped
^1% other, 2% would not vote
^Includes:
1% would not vote
1% for someone else
^Includes:
9% for would not vote
3% for someone else
^Includes:
2% for other
1% for I would not vote
^Includes:
1% for someone else
1% for refused
^Includes:
2% for other
1% for I would not vote
^Includes:
2% for won't vote
1% for other
^Includes:
4% for Someone else
2% for Will not vote
1% for Chase Oliver
^Includes:
3% for other
3% for I would not vote
^Includes:
5% for I wouldn't vote
1% for skipped
^Includes:
2% for other
1% for I would not vote
^Includes:
2% for Someone else
2% for Will not vote
1% for Chase Oliver
^Includes:
1% for other
2% for I would not vote
^Includes:
2% for Chase Oliver
1% for none
1% for other
1% for would not vote
^Includes:
2% for I would not vote
1% for other
^Includes:
2% for "Not going to vote/wouldn't vote if those were the choices"
1% for Chase Oliver
^Includes:
3% for do not plan to vote
1% for Chase Oliver
^Includes:
1% for Chase Oliver
1% for refused
^Includes:
1% for other
1% for I would not vote
^Includes:
2% for "Not going to vote/wouldn't vote if those were the choices"
1% for Chase Oliver
<1% for another candidate
^Includes:
1% for Chase Oliver
1% for someone else
1% for wouldn't vote
^Includes:
1.4% for I would not vote
1.0% for other
^Includes:
2% for I would not vote
1% for other
^Includes:
2% for I would not vote
1% for other
^Includes:
8% for someone else
8% for I would not vote
^Includes:
1% for Other
1% for I would not vote
^Includes:
2% for "I would not vote"
1% for other
^Includes:
3% for "I would not vote"
1% for "other"
^Includes:
1% for wouldn't vote
1% for refused
^Includes:
4% for "other candidate"
3% for "would not vote"
^Includes:
1.7% for the "Libertarian party candidate"
1.6% for "refused"
^Includes:
1% for other
1% for "do not plan to vote"
^Includes:
1% for wouldn't vote
1% for refused
^Listed as Haley and Phillips
^Includes
2% for "wouldn't vote"
1% for other
^Includes:
2% for "wouldn't vote"
1% for "someone else"
1% for "refused"
^ a b cFor "blank or null vote/won't vote
^Includes:
2% for "other"
1% for Lars Mapstead
^Includes:
"Wouldn't vote" at 1%
"Refused" at 1%
^Includes:
"Wouldn't vote" at 3%
"Someone else" at 1%
"Refused" at 1%
^Includes:
"I wouldn't vote" at 10%
"Dean Phillips (independent)" at 2%
^Includes:
"Other" at 4%
Lars Mapstead at 1%
^Includes:
"Lars Mapstead" at 2.3%
"No-Labels candidate" at 1.6%
^Includes:
"Wouldn't vote" at 1%
"Someone else" at 1%
^Includes:
1% for "wouldn't vote"
1% for "other"
^Includes:
"Other" at 1%
"Do not plan to vote" at 1%
^Includes:
"Wouldn't vote" at 1%
"Other" at 1%
^Includes:
"Other" at 2%
"Chase Oliver" at 2%
"Green Party Candidate" at 1%
^Only included voters from the "battleground" states of Arizona, Georgia, Michigan Nevada, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin
Nebraska (5, as Nebraska Legal Marijuana NOW Party)[3]
North Carolina (16, as Justice For All)[3]
Oregon (8, as Progressive Party)[3]
South Carolina (9, as United Citizens Party)[3]
Utah (6)[3]
Vermont (3, as Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party)[3]
Virginia (13)[3]
Washington (12, as Justice For All Party)[3]
Wisconsin (10)[3]
^West write-in states:
Delaware (3)[3]
Illinois (19)[20]
Indiana (11)[3]
Massachusetts (11)[3]
Texas (40)[3]
West Virginia (4)[21]
^West write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
New Jersey (14)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Wyoming (3)
^American Solidarity Party on the ballot in:
Alaska (3)[3]
Arkansas (6)[3]
Florida (30)[3]
Hawaii (4)[24]
Louisiana (8)[3]
Mississippi (6, as Independent)[3]
Ohio (17, as Independent)[3]
^American Solidarity Party registered write-in in:
Colorado (10)[3]
Delaware (3)[3]
Georgia (16)[25]
Idaho (4)[3]
Illinois (19)[26]
Indiana (11)[3]
Kentucky (8)[3]
Maine (4)[3]
Massachusetts (11)[3]
Texas (40)[3]
Utah (6)[3]
West Virginia(4)[27]
^American Solidarity Party write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
New Jersey (14)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Ayyadurai on the ballot in:
Idaho (4)[3]
Iowa (6)[3]
Kentucky (8)[3]
Massachusetts (11)[3]
Minnesota (10)[3]
Mississippi (6, as Independent)[3]
Washington (12)[3]
^Ayyadurai registered write-in in:
Arizona (11)[3]
Colorado (10)[3]
Delaware (3)[3]
District of Columbia (3)[3]
Florida (30)[3]
Georgia (16)[29]
Illinois (19)[30]
Maine (4)[3]
Ohio (17)[31]
Texas (40)[3]
West Virginia (4)[3]
^Ayyadurai write-in states:
Alabama (9)
New Hampshire (4)
New Jersey (14)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Constitution Party on the ballot in:
Alaska (3)[3]
Colorado (10)[3]
Florida (30)[3]
Idaho (4, as Independent)[3]
Louisiana (8)[3]
Michigan (15)[3]
Mississippi (6)[3]
New Jersey (14)[3]
North Carolina (16)[3]
Oregon (8)[3]
South Carolina (9)[3]
Wisconsin (10)[3]
^Constitution Party write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Rejected nominee states:
Idaho (4)[35]
Nevada (6)[36]
Utah (6)[36]
Wyoming (3)[37]
^Socialist Workers Party on the ballot in:
Louisiana (8)[3]
Minnesota (10)[3]
New Jersey (14)[3]
Tennessee (11, as Independent)[3]
Vermont (3)[3]
Washington (12)[3]
^Socialist Workers Party write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Wyoming (3)
^Socialist Equality Party on the ballot in:
Michigan (15)[3]
New Jersey (14)[3]
Washington (12)[3]
^Socialist Equality Party write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Duncan certified in:
Ohio (17)[3]
^Duncan write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
New Jersey (14)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Constitution Party offshoots on the ballot in:
Idaho (4)[3]
Nevada (6)[36]
Utah (6)[3]
^Constitution Party offshoots write-in states:
Alabama (9)
Iowa (6)
New Hampshire (4)
New Jersey (14)
Oregon (8)
Pennsylvania (19)
Rhode Island (4)
Vermont (3)
Wyoming (3)
^Bowman certified in:
Tennessee (11)[3]
^Bowman registered write-in in:
Georgia (16)"FINAL LIST OF CERTIFIED WRITE-IN CANDIDATES" (PDF). Office of the Secretary of State - Elections Division. Retrieved September 16, 2024.</ref>
^The Constitution Party is listed as the U.S. Taxpayer's Party in Michigan. Constitution Party affiliates in Idaho, Nevada, Utah, and Wyoming rejected the national nominee.
^Constitution Party affiliates in Idaho, Nevada and Utah rejected the national nominee and nominated Skousen. The Nevada Constitution Party affiliate is listed as Independent American Party of Nevada.
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