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Ferrocarril en miniatura transitable

El tren Chance Rides C.P. Huntington de Emerson Zooline Railroad en el zoológico de Saint Louis , una de las cientos de copias exactas de este modelo de recorrido en lugares de todo el mundo
Estación de Delicias en Madrid, España

Un ferrocarril en miniatura transitable (en EE. UU.: riding railroad o grand scale railroad ) es un ferrocarril a gran escala, generalmente a nivel del suelo , que transporta pasajeros utilizando locomotoras que a menudo son modelos de locomotoras de ferrocarril de tamaño real (impulsadas por motores diésel o de gasolina , de vapor o eléctricos ).

Descripción general

Por lo general, los ferrocarriles en miniatura tienen un ancho de vía de entre 5 pulgadas ( 127 mm ) y menos de 15 pulgadas ( 381 mm ), aunque se utilizan anchos tanto mayores como menores.

En los anchos de vía de 5 pulgadas ( 127 mm ) y menos, la vía suele estar elevada por encima del nivel del suelo. Los vagones planos se disponen con estribos para que el conductor y los pasajeros se sienten a horcajadas sobre la vía. La vía suele tener varios anchos de vía, para adaptarse a anchos de vía de 5 pulgadas ( 127 mm ), 3 pulgadas ( 127 mm ) y 4 pulgadas (127 mm).+1 ⁄ 2  pulgada(89 mm) y, a veces, 2+Locomotoras de ancho de vía de 1 ⁄ 2  pulgada(64 mm).

Los anchos más pequeños de las vías del tren en miniatura también pueden ser portátiles y generalmente son de 3+Calibre de 1 ⁄ 2  pulg.(89 mm)/5 pulg.(127 mm ) sobre riel elevado o como 7+1 ⁄ 4  pulg(184 mm)/ 10+1 ⁄ 4  in(260 mm) a nivel del suelo. Normalmente, se utilizan vías portátiles para transportar pasajeros en eventos temporales, como fiestas y ferias de verano.[1]

Por lo general, las líneas en miniatura son operadas por organizaciones sin fines de lucro (a menudo, sociedades de ingeniería de modelos), aunque algunas se encuentran en terrenos completamente privados y otras operan comercialmente.

Hay muchas organizaciones nacionales que representan y brindan orientación sobre las operaciones de ferrocarriles en miniatura, incluidas la Asociación Australiana de Barcos de Vapor Vivo y la Federación Sureña de Sociedades de Ingeniería de Modelos.

Distinciones entre modelos de ferrocarril, miniaturas y vías de ancho mínimo

Se trata de una locomotora de vapor 4-4-0. Se cree que es la locomotora Garden Railway de 10¼" más antigua que se conserva en el mundo. Construida en Birmingham en 1900 por Grimshaw para el ferrocarril Pitmaston Moor Green del capitán Holder.
Una locomotora de ancho mínimo Northern Rock en el ferrocarril Ravenglass y Eskdale

Un " ferrocarril en miniatura " es aquel cuyo ancho de vía es demasiado pequeño para que la gente pueda viajar en él. Debido al uso de vías de ancho mixto, los pasajeros pueden viajar en un ferrocarril en miniatura que comparte el mismo ancho de vía que una locomotora en miniatura grande con un ancho de vía más pequeño y es tirado por ella, aunque esto es poco frecuente.

Los "ferrocarriles en miniatura" son ferrocarriles en los que pueden viajar personas y que se utilizan por placer o como pasatiempo para sus constructores y pasajeros. En los EE. UU., los ferrocarriles en miniatura también se conocen como "ferrocarriles para montar" o "ferrocarriles a gran escala". Los anchos de vía reconocidos como ferrocarriles en miniatura varían según el país, pero en el Reino Unido el ancho máximo es de 350 mm ( 13+25 ⁄ 32  pulgadas).[2]

Un ' ferrocarril de ancho mínimo ', que generalmente comienza con un ancho de vía de 15 pulgadas ( 381 mm ), es uno que originalmente fue concebido como un ferrocarril comercial con vías de ancho pequeño, con una función de trabajo como ferrocarril estatal, ferrocarril industrial o proveedor de enlaces de transporte público, como el ferrocarril Romney, Hythe y Dymchurch , el ferrocarril Fairbourne o el ferrocarril Ravenglass y Eskdale .

En el Reino Unido, un ancho de vía de 350 mm ( 13+25 ⁄ 32  pulgadas) [o más] o cruzar una calzada son los criterios utilizados por la Oficina de Ferrocarriles y Carreteras (ORR), a partir de los cuales un ferrocarril ya no se clasifica como miniatura y, por lo tanto, está sujeto a una regulación formal: pueden ser ferrocarriles menores y/o ferrocarriles patrimoniales; el concepto de ancho mínimo no se reconoce a los efectos de la regulación.

Indicador

Hay más de 1.000 ferrocarriles en miniatura abiertos al público en todo el mundo, sin contar los ferrocarriles privados, con 7+El ancho de vía más común es de 1 ⁄ 4  in(184 mmde ancho dobleque combinan dos, tres o incluso más anchos de vía diferentes.

Ferrocarriles en miniatura

Gallery

Fifteen-inch railways

Minimum-gauge railways

Large amusement railways

See also

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Bibliography

External links

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