Portal:Ropa

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El Portal de la Ropa

La ropa (también conocida como ropa , prenda , vestido , indumentaria o atuendo ) es cualquier artículo que se lleva en el cuerpo . Normalmente, la ropa está hecha de telas o textiles , pero con el tiempo se han incluido prendas hechas de piel de animal y otras finas láminas de materiales y productos naturales que se encuentran en el medio ambiente, unidos. El uso de ropa está restringido principalmente a los seres humanos y es una característica de todas las sociedades humanas. La cantidad y el tipo de ropa que se usa depende del género, el tipo de cuerpo, los factores sociales y las consideraciones geográficas. Las prendas cubren el cuerpo, el calzado cubre los pies, los guantes cubren las manos, mientras que los sombreros y tocados cubren la cabeza y la ropa interior cubre las partes íntimas .

La ropa también tiene importantes factores sociales. Usar ropa es una norma social variable . Puede connotar modestia . Ser privado de ropa delante de otros puede resultar vergonzoso . En muchas partes del mundo, no usar ropa en público que deje visibles los genitales , los senos o las nalgas podría considerarse exposición indecente . El área púbica o la cobertura genital es el mínimo que se encuentra con mayor frecuencia en todas las culturas e independientemente del clima, lo que implica la convención social como base de las costumbres. La ropa también puede usarse para comunicar estatus social, riqueza, identidad de grupo e individualismo. ( Articulo completo... )

Textil es un término general que incluye diversos materiales a base de fibras , incluidas fibras, hilados , filamentos , hilos , diferentes tipos de telas, etc. Al principio, la palabra "textiles" solo se refería a telas tejidas . Sin embargo, el tejido no es el único método de fabricación, y posteriormente se desarrollaron muchos otros métodos para formar estructuras textiles en función de su uso previsto. El tejido y el no tejido son otros tipos populares de fabricación de tejidos. En el mundo contemporáneo, los textiles satisfacen las necesidades materiales para aplicaciones versátiles, desde simples prendas de uso diario hasta chalecos antibalas , trajes espaciales y batas de médico . ( Articulo completo... )

Las artes textiles son artes y artesanías que utilizan fibras vegetales , animales o sintéticas para construir objetos prácticos o decorativos. ( Articulo completo... )

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Imagen 1
Kusquqvagmiut (Kuskokwim Yup'ik), hombre y mujer, vistiendo elegantes parkas de piel sin capucha ( atkupiak ), alrededor de 1879

Ropa yup'ik ( Yup'ik aturaq sg aturak dual aturat pl , aklu , akluq , un'u ; también, piluguk en dialecto Unaliq-Pastuliq, aklu , cangssagar , un'u en dialecto Nunivak, ropa Cup'ik para los Chevak Cup'ik (pueblo de habla chevak ) y ropa Cup'ig para los nunivak Cup'ig ( pueblo de habla de la isla Nunivak ) se refiere a la ropa tradicional de estilo esquimal usada por el pueblo yupik del suroeste de Alaska .Los sistemas de vestimenta tradicionales desarrollados y utilizados por los pueblos yup'ik, inuit y nuniwarmiut funcionan de manera similar a la ropa para clima frío más eficaz desarrollada hasta la fecha. Las mujeres yup'ik confeccionaban ropa y calzado a partir de pieles de animales(especialmente cueros y pieles de mamíferos marinos y terrestres para prendas de piel , a veces pájaros , también peces ), cosidos con agujas hechas de huesos de animales , marfil de morsa y huesos de aves como el parte delantera dela pata de una grulla e hilos elaborados a partir de otros productos animales, como tendones . El multifuncional ulu (cuchillo de mujer semilunar) se utiliza para procesar y cortar pieles para ropa y calzado. Las mujeres confeccionaban la mayor parte de la ropa con caribú ( caribú salvaje Rangifer tarandus granti y reno doméstico Rangifer tarandus tarandus ) y piel de foca . La ropa yup'ik tendía a quedar relativamente holgada. ( Articulo completo... )
Imagen 2
"Verano", detalle de un tapiz llamado The Seasons or Orchard, tejido por Morris & Co. en lana, seda y mohair sobre fondo de algodón en Merton Abbey en 1890, diseñado por William Morris y John Henry Dearle.

John Henry Dearle (22 August 1859 – 15 January 1932) was a British textile and stained-glass designer trained by the artist and craftsman William Morris who was much influenced by the Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood. Dearle designed many of the later wallpapers and textiles released by Morris & Co., and contributed background and foliage patterns to tapestry designs featuring figures by Edward Burne-Jones and others. Beginning in his teens as a shop assistant and then design apprentice, Dearle rose to become Morris & Co.'s chief designer by 1890, creating designs for tapestries, embroidery, wallpapers, woven and printed textiles, stained glass, and carpets. Following Morris's death in 1896, Dearle was appointed Art Director of the firm, and became its principal stained glass designer on the death of Burne-Jones in 1898.

Morris's reputation overshadowed Dearle's work throughout Dearle's career: Dearle exhibited early patterns under Morris's name and Dearle designs continue to be sold as Morris patterns. Critical assessment of Dearle's work then underwent a significant change during the final decades of the twentieth century, recognizing Dearle's mature work as having a unique artistic vision of its own. Dearle always remained close to Morris's aesthetic, but from the 1890s onward he incorporated a distinctive set of Persian and Turkish influences. (Full article...)
Image 3

Illustration by Vilhelm Pedersen, Andersen's first illustrator

"The Emperor's New Clothes" (Danish: Kejserens nye klæder [ˈkʰɑjsɐns ˈnyˀə ˈkʰlɛːðə]) is a literary folktale written by Danish author Hans Christian Andersen, about a vain emperor who gets exposed before his subjects. The tale has been translated into over 100 languages.

"The Emperor's New Clothes" was first published with "The Little Mermaid" in Copenhagen, Denmark, by C. A. Reitzel, on 7 April 1837, as the third and final installment of Andersen's Fairy Tales Told for Children. The tale has been adapted to various media, and the story's title, the phrase "the Emperor has no clothes", and variations thereof have been adopted for use in numerous other works and as idioms. (Full article...)
Image 4
David, between personifications of Wisdom and Prophecy, is depicted in a chlamys of patterned Byzantine silk. Paris Psalter, 10th century.

Byzantine silk is silk woven in the Byzantine Empire (Byzantium) from about the fourth century until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453.

The Byzantine capital of Constantinople was the first significant silk-weaving center in Europe. Silk was one of the most important commodities in the Byzantine economy, used by the state both as a means of payment and of diplomacy. (Full article...)
Image 5

Female (left) and male (right) cochineals

The cochineal (/ˌkɒtʃɪˈniːl, ˈkɒtʃɪniːl/ KOTCH-ih-NEEL, -⁠neel, US also /ˌkoʊtʃɪˈniːl, ˈkoʊtʃɪniːl/ KOH-chih-; Dactylopius coccus) is a scale insect in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, from which the natural dye carmine is derived. A primarily sessile parasite native to tropical and subtropical South America through North America (Mexico and the Southwest United States), this insect lives on cacti in the genus Opuntia, feeding on plant moisture and nutrients. The insects are found on the pads of prickly pear cacti, collected by brushing them off the plants, and dried.

The insect produces carminic acid that deters predation by other insects. Carminic acid, typically 17–24% of dried insects' weight, can be extracted from the body and eggs, then mixed with aluminium or calcium salts to make carmine dye, also known as cochineal. Today, carmine is primarily used as a colorant in food and in lipstick (E120 or Natural Red 4). (Full article...)
Image 6
Striking CIO mill workers in Georgia, May 1941.

Emil Rieve (June 8, 1892 – January 24, 1975) was an American labor leader. He was president of the Textile Workers Union of America (TWUA) from 1939 to 1956, a vice president of the Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO) from 1939 to 1955, and a vice president of the AFL-CIO from 1955 to 1960.

Emil Rieve was born in Poland and moved to Pennsylvania as a child. He left school early and first became a union member at age fifteen, quickly rising within the union hierarchy. He organized his first strike in 1930 in Reading, Pennsylvania. His aggressive drives to unionize the region's textile workers and achieve union recognition led to the Reading Formula of 1933 in negotiating with the National Labor Board, a precedent which resolved large numbers of other labor disputes. Rieve was a major figure in the unsuccessful textile workers strike of 1934. When the Congress of Industrial Organizations formed the following year, Rieve received international recognition for his efforts to avoid a rift with the American Federation of Labor. (Full article...)
Image 7
The Harris Tweed Orb Mark

The Harris Tweed Authority (HTA) is an independent statutory public body created by the Harris Tweed Act 1993, replacing the Harris Tweed Association, which was formed in 1910. The Harris Tweed Authority is charged with the general duty of furthering the Harris Tweed industry as a means of livelihood for those who live in the Outer Hebrides of Scotland.

The Harris Tweed Authority is responsible for safeguarding the standard and reputation of Harris Tweed, promoting awareness of the cloth internationally, and disseminating information about material falling within the definition of Harris Tweed and articles made from it. (Full article...)
Image 8
Weaving at Finlayson factory in Tampere, Finland in 1951

Textile manufacturing or textile engineering is a major industry. It is largely based on the conversion of fibre into yarn, then yarn into fabric. These are then dyed or printed, fabricated into cloth which is then converted into useful goods such as clothing, household items, upholstery and various industrial products.

Different types of fibres are used to produce yarn. Cotton remains the most widely used and common natural fiber making up 90% of all-natural fibers used in the textile industry. People often use cotton clothing and accessories because of comfort, not limited to different weathers. There are many variable processes available at the spinning and fabric-forming stages coupled with the complexities of the finishing and colouration processes to the production of a wide range of products. (Full article...)
Image 9

Batik from Surakarta in Central Java province in Indonesia; before 1997

Batik is an Indonesian technique of wax-resist dyeing applied to the whole cloth. This technique originated from the island of Java, Indonesia.
Batik is made either by drawing dots and lines of wax with a spouted tool called a canting, or by printing the wax with a copper stamp called a cap. The applied wax resists dyes and therefore allows the artisan to colour selectively by soaking the cloth in one colour, removing the wax with boiling water, and repeating if multiple colours are desired.

Indonesian coastal batik (batik pesisir) made in the island of Java has a history of acculturation, a mixture of native and foreign cultures. It is a newer model compared to inland batik, and it uses more colors, though the patterns are less intricate. This is because inland batik used to be made by select experts living in palace areas, while coastal batik can be made by anyone. (Full article...)
Image 10

ca. 1989, U. S. Department of the Interior photograph

Alice Littleman (February 8, 1910 – May 26, 2000) was a Kiowa beadwork artist and regalia maker, who during her lifetime was recognized as one of the leading Kiowa beaders and buckskin dressmakers. Her works are included in the permanent collections of the National Museum of Natural History, the National Museum of the American Indian, the Southern Plains Indian Museum, and the Oklahoma Historical Society. (Full article...)
Image 11
Former woollen weavers' cottages in Wardle, Greater Manchester, England.

A weavers' cottage was (and to an extent still is) a type of house used by weavers for cloth production in the putting-out system sometimes known as the domestic system.

Weavers' cottages were common in Great Britain, often with dwelling quarters on the lower floors and loom-shop on the top floor. Cellar loomshops on the ground floor or in the basement were found where cotton was woven, as they provided high humidity. A loom-shop can be often recognised by a long row of windows which provided maximum light for the weaver. (Full article...)
Image 12
Court Ladies Preparing Newly Woven Silk, a Chinese silk painting by Emperor Huizong of Song, early 12th century.

The production of silk originated in Neolithic China within the Yangshao culture (4th millennium BC). Though it would later reach other places in the world, the art of silk production remained confined to China until the Silk Road opened at 114 BC. Even after trade opened, China maintained a virtual monopoly over silk production for another thousand years. The use of silk within China was not confined to clothing alone, and silk was used for a number of applications, such as writing. Within clothing, the color of silk worn also held social importance, and formed an important guide of social class during the Tang dynasty.

Silk cultivation had reached Japan by 300 AD, and by 552 AD the Byzantine Empire managed to obtain silkworm eggs and were able to begin silkworm cultivation; the Arabs also began to manufacture silk at the same time. As a result of the spread of sericulture, Chinese silk exports became less important, although they still maintained dominance over the luxury silk market. The Crusades brought silk production to Western Europe, in particular to many Italian states, which saw an economic boom exporting silk to the rest of Europe. Developments in manufacturing technique also began to take place during the Middle Ages (5th to 15th centuries) in Europe, with devices such as the spinning wheel first appearing at this time. During the 16th century, France joined Italy in developing a successful silk trade, though the efforts of most other nations to develop a silk industry of their own were unsuccessful. (Full article...)
Image 13
1950s huipil

Huipil [ˈwipil] (Nahuatl: huīpīlli [wiːˈpiːlːi]; Ch'orti': b’ujk; Chuj: nip) is the most common traditional garment worn by indigenous women from central Mexico to Central America.

It is a loose-fitting tunic, generally made from two or three rectangular pieces of fabric, which are then joined with stitching, ribbons, or fabric strips, with an opening for the head and, if the sides are sewn, openings for the arms. Traditional huipils, especially ceremonial ones, are usually made with fabric woven on a backstrap loom and are decorated with designs woven into the fabric, embroidery, ribbons, lace, and more. However, some huipils are also made from commercial fabric. (Full article...)
Image 14

Whitney in 1822

Eli Whitney Jr. (December 8, 1765 – January 8, 1825) was an American inventor, widely known for inventing the cotton gin in 1793, one of the key inventions of the Industrial Revolution that shaped the economy of the Antebellum South.

Whitney's invention made upland short cotton into a profitable crop, which strengthened the economic foundation of slavery in the United States and prolonged the institution. Despite the social and economic impact of his invention, Whitney lost much of his profits in legal battles over patent infringement for the cotton gin. Thereafter, he turned his attention to securing contracts with the government in the manufacture of muskets for the newly formed United States Army. He continued making arms and inventing until his death in 1825. (Full article...)
Image 15
A hemp field in Côtes-d'Armor, Brittany, France, which is Europe's largest hemp producer as of 2022

Hemp, or industrial hemp, is a plant in the botanical class of Cannabis sativa cultivars grown specifically for industrial and consumable use. It can be used to make a wide range of products. Along with bamboo, hemp is among the fastest growing plants on Earth. It was also one of the first plants to be spun into usable fiber 50,000 years ago. It can be refined into a variety of commercial items, including paper, rope, textiles, clothing, biodegradable plastics, paint, insulation, biofuel, food, and animal feed.

Although chemotype I cannabis and hemp (types II, III, IV, V) are both Cannabis sativa and contain the psychoactive component tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), they represent distinct cultivar groups, typically with unique phytochemical compositions and uses. Hemp typically has lower concentrations of total THC and may have higher concentrations of cannabidiol (CBD), which potentially mitigates the psychoactive effects of THC. The legality of hemp varies widely among countries. Some governments regulate the concentration of THC and permit only hemp that is bred with an especially low THC content into commercial production. (Full article...)

¿Sabías que (generado automáticamente)?

... que durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial, la campaña Make-Do and Mend del gobierno británico animó al público a transformar la ropa masculina en ropa femenina?
... que durante una renovación del número 4 de Park Avenue , los trabajadores encontraron una habitación sellada con ropa y zapatos de mujer que no estaba en los planos del edificio?
... que según Brandy Hellville , los ejecutivos de Brandy Melville han comprado la ropa que llevaban los empleados?
... que Jacqueline Kennedy no quería que su ropa fuera el foco de su gira de buena voluntad de 1962 por India y Pakistán , pero aun así usó 22 conjuntos diferentes en los primeros nueve días?
... ¿esa camarógrafa pionera del Daily News, Evelyn Straus, hizo que le hicieran ropa a medida para llevar su película y sus flashes?
... que después de ser criticada por vestirse "como una muñeca" en una reunión importante, la pionera feminista rusa Anna Filosofova respondió que "la ropa no hace a la mujer"?

Más ¿Sabías que?

...que los lizos (en la foto) tienen un papel integral en el tejido y que un telar puede utilizar varios cientos a la vez?
...que a orillas del río Shitalakshya , en Bangladesh , hay centros artísticos de tejido, donde una vez floreció la industria de la muselina ?
...que los colonos británicos emplearon agentes indios llamados gomasthas para obtener productos de los tejedores locales y fijar sus precios ?

Portales relacionados

Imagen seleccionada

Point de Venise (también Gros Point de Venise ) es un encaje de aguja veneciano del siglo XVII caracterizado por patrones florales en volutas con motivos florales adicionales trabajados en relieve (en contraste con los diseños geométricos de la reticella anterior ).

Imágenes generales - cargar nuevo lote

Las siguientes son imágenes de varios artículos relacionados con la ropa en Wikipedia.

Image 1Túnica Mapa de las Américas Indígenas diseñada en 2018 por Carla Fernández y Pedro Reyes para Taller Flora. (de Moda )
Image 2Un top transparente usado junto con empanadas por una modelo en un desfile de moda en EE. UU., 2017. Estas tendencias de moda se popularizan a través de los medios. (de Moda )
Image 3Las botas Timberland son un calzado de uso diario en la moda urbana. (de Moda )
Image 4Mujer de la región de Bengala en la parte oriental del subcontinente indio , vestida con fina muselina bengalí , siglo XVIII. (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 5Vendedor de teñido anudado, julio de 2013 (de Moda )
Image 6Kaia Gerber en la Semana de la Moda Max Mara 2019 en Milán (de Moda )
Image 7Bella Hadid en el Festival de Cine de Cannes (de Moda )
Image 8La reportera deportiva mexicana Inés Sainz con un vestidito negro y botas hasta la rodilla (de Moda )
Image 9"Swinging London": adultos jóvenes en Carnaby Street de Londres. (de Moda )
Image 10Damascos de seda italianos del siglo XIV (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 11Liu Wen , supermodelo , camina por la pasarela modelando moda de la diseñadora Diane von Fürstenberg en la Semana de la Moda de Nueva York 2013. (de Moda )
Image 12Portada del catálogo de primavera y verano de Marcus Clarks 1926–27 (de Moda )
Image 13Moda de piel a la venta en Tallin , Estonia (de Moda )
Image 14El dibujo de Alberto Durero contrasta a una burguesa bien vestida de Nuremberg (izquierda) con su homóloga de Venecia. Los altos chopines de la dama veneciana la hacen parecer más alta. (de Moda )
Image 15Minivestido de John Bates , 1965 (de Moda )
Image 16Jacqueline Kennedy , la esposa del presidente John F. Kennedy , hizo del rosa un color popular de alta costura. (de Moda )
Image 17Maquinaria textil en Cambrian Factory, Llanwrtyd , Gales en la década de 1940 (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 18Melania Trump con la primera dama argentina Juliana Awada en 2017 (de Moda )
Image 19Una reinterpretación francesa de la moda española, con elaborada reticella gorguera, 1609 (de Historia del vestido y los textiles )
Image 20Modelo con un vestido moderno que refleja la tendencia actual de la moda en un desfile de moda, París, 2011 (de Moda )
Image 21Conjunto de ciclistas de mujeres, 1898, LACMA (de Moda )
Image 22Gensei Kajin Shu de Yoshu Chikanobu , 1890. Varios estilos de vestimenta tradicional japonesa y estilos occidentales. (de Moda )
Image 23Edgar I de Inglaterra con túnica corta, calzas y capa, 966 (de Historia de la vestimenta y los textiles )
Image 24Cortando en su apogeo: Enrique IV, duque de Sajonia , c. 1514 (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 25Sedas con estampados florales atrevidos, siglo XV (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 26Ventas brutas de bienes frente a leyes de propiedad intelectual (EE. UU. 2007) (de Moda )
Image 27Este recorte de 1921 del St. Louis Post-Dispatch , con historia y dibujos de Marguerite Martyn , representa la cobertura periodística de saturación brindada a las mujeres de la alta sociedad en un baile de moda. (de Moda )
Image 28El Códice Boxer , que muestra el atuendo de un filipino del período clásico, hecho de seda y algodón (de Historia de la indumentaria y los textiles )
$Imagen 29Bailarines latinos con sus disfraces. La mujer lleva un vestido sin espalda con profundas aberturas en la parte inferior, mientras que el hombre lleva una camisa con los botones superiores abiertos. (de moda)$
Image 29Bailarines latinos con sus trajes . La mujer lleva un vestido sin espalda con profundas aberturas en la parte inferior, mientras que el hombre lleva una camisa con los botones superiores abiertos. (de Moda )
Image 30La ropa nacional de Estonia es un buen ejemplo del cambio de vestimenta después de la revolución industrial. Cambiaron mucho durante los siglos XVIII y XIX con la adición de nuevos tipos de colores (como tintes de anilina ), colocación de colores (como rayas longitudinales) y con la adición de nuevos elementos (como chalecos). A finales del siglo XIX dejaron de usarse en la mayor parte del país (excepto en lugares más remotos como en la isla de Kihnu ) y no fue hasta mediados del siglo XX cuando volvieron a ganar popularidad y ahora como vestimenta formal. Miembros del Conjunto de Arte Popular de la Universidad de Tartu vistiendo ropa específica de la isla Kihnu, la parroquia Tori (mujeres con faldas rojas) y el área de Tõstamaa (hombres vestidos de marrón). (de Historia de la confección y los textiles )
Image 31María Antonieta , esposa de Luis XVI, fue una líder de la moda. Sus elecciones, como este vestido de muselina blanca de 1783 llamado chemise a la Reine , fueron muy influyentes y muy usados. (de Moda )
Image 32Celebridades como Britney Spears han popularizado el concepto de usar ropa interior como prenda de abrigo . (de Moda )