Martin Ferdinand Quadal (born Czech: Chvátal; 28 October 1736 – 10 January 1811) was a Moravian-Austrian painter and engraver. Quadal is a representative of the Austrian school of painting,[1] working all across Europe in England, Italy, Austria, Holland, Germany, France, and Russia.
Quadal was born at Němčice nad Hanou in Moravia in 1736. He came to London at an early age. He then studied painting and sculpture at the Akademie der bildenden Künste in Vienna and Paris Academy.[1] He became a student of Francois Boucher in 1767.[2] He was also employed by Louis Joseph, Prince de Conde and was particularly successful in France for his paintings of horses.[3]
The painter visited France and Italy, worked at Vienna in 1787–9. He came to St. Petersburg in 1797 upon the invitation of Emperor Paul I and lived there until 1804.[2] After a second visit to London, he returned to St. Petersburg, where he died in 1811.
Quadal painted animal pieces, as well as military scenes, genre subjects, still lifes, and portraits.[1] In 1779, he relocated to Dublin where he completed several paintings with animal subjects, and a number of these were brought by the Dublin Society for the use of its students. These included Studies of Dogs, Studies of Boars, Bears, Deer and Wolves, Leopards’ Heads, Deer’s Heads, Heads of Wolves, and Owls, Squirrels and Guinea Pigs, all of which are now in the National Museum on Kildare Street.[4] During this period, he also painted a portrait of Richard, 4th Viscount Powerscourt, which is currently housed at Powerscourt.[4]
De Dublín pasó a Londres, donde expuso cuatro obras en la Sociedad de Artistas en 1791. Grabó un grupo de gatos , un niño con un perro y estudios de animales domésticos y salvajes (Londres, 1793). Luego visitó Francia e Italia, vivió y trabajó en Viena entre 1787 y 1789 y en San Petersburgo entre 1797 y 1804. Se convirtió en maestro de la Academia de San Petersburgo. [4] Las obras de Quadal también se exhiben en el Museo Pushkin de Bellas Artes , el Hermitage Estatal y la Galería Estatal Tretyakov . [1]
Las pinturas notables de Quadal incluyen un retrato de 1788 del emperador José II con el archiduque Francisco; un autorretrato que ahora se encuentra en el Museo RISD en Providence, Rhode Island ; retratos de Anna Elisabeth van Tuyl van Seeroskerken y Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock ; un retrato de la Gran Duquesa María , hija del zar Pablo I , que se encuentra ahora en el Louvre ; y un retrato de 1807 del príncipe Nikolay Ivanovich Saltykov que se encuentra ahora en el Hermitage de San Petersburgo. [4]
Este artículo incorpora texto de una publicación que ahora es de dominio público : Bryan, Michael (1889). "Quadal, Martín Fernando". En Armstrong, Sir Walter; Tumbas, Robert Edmund (eds.). Diccionario de pintores y grabadores de Bryan (L – Z) . vol. II (3ª ed.). Londres: George Bell & Sons.