This is a list of cells in humans derived from the three embryonic germ layers – ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm.
Cells derived from ectoderm
Surface ectoderm
Skin
Anterior pituitary
Tooth enamel
Neural crest
Peripheral nervous system
Neuroendocrine system
Skin
Teeth
Eyes
Smooth muscle
Neural tube
Central nervous system
Pineal gland
Cells derived from mesoderm
Paraxial mesoderm
Mesenchymal stem cell
Osteochondroprogenitor cell
Myofibroblast
Other
Intermediate mesoderm
Renal stem cell
Reproductive system
Lateral plate mesoderm
Hematopoietic stem cell
Circulatory system
Body cavities
Cells derived from endoderm
Foregut
Respiratory system
Digestive system
Stomach
Intestine
Liver
Gallbladder
Exocrine component of pancreas
Islets of Langerhans
Pharyngeal pouch
Hindgut/cloaca
See also
References
- ^ Hockman, Dorit; Burns, Alan J; Schlosser, Gerhard; Gates, Keith P; Jevans, Benjamin; Mongera, Alessandro; Fisher, Shannon; Unlu, Gokhan; Knapik, Ela W; Kaufman, Charles K; Mosimann, Christian; Zon, Leonard I; Lancman, Joseph J; Dong, P Duc S; Lickert, Heiko; Tucker, Abigail S; Baker, Clare V H (2017). "Evolution of the hypoxia-sensitive cells involved in amniote respiratory reflexes". eLife. 6: e21231. doi:10.7554/eLife.21231. PMC 5438250. PMID 28387645.
- ^ Nilsson M, Williams D (July 2016). "On the Origin of Cells and Derivation of Thyroid Cancer: C Cell Story Revisited". European Thyroid Journal. 5 (2): 79–93. doi:10.1159/000447333. PMC 4949372. PMID 27493881.