List of purpose-built national capitals

Purpose-built capital cities

This is a list of capital cities that were specially designed, planned, and built to be a national or regional capital.

Built

Current national capitals

Subnational

Historical

Currently proposed or under construction

Former proposals and attempts

• Welthauptstadt Germania was the proposed renewal of Berlin, (Nazi Germany) as a planned "world capital", although only a small portion was built between 1937 and 1943. Many of the plans were designed by Albert Speer. Progress was halted by the failure of Operation Barbarossa during World War II.
• Al-Karamah was intended to be the permanent capital of the United Arab Emirates located between Abu Dhabi and Dubai, but it was never built.^[12]
• Viedma, the capital of the Río Negro Province, was proposed by President Raúl Alfonsín as a new capital for Argentina in 1986, replacing Buenos Aires. The idea was to change the centralization in the port of Buenos Aires, and promote development in Patagonia. The economic collapse of Alfonsín government halted the project that had been approved by Law.^[13]

See also

• List of national capitals
• Planned community

Notes

1. Modern parts of the city are placed beside or within old cities.

References

1. Pospelov, Evgeni M. (1993). Имена городов: вчера и сегодня (1917–1992). Топонимический словарь [City Names: Yesterday and Today (1917–1992). Toponymic Dictionary] (in Russian). Русские словари. pp. 24–25.
2. "Astana – the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan". e-history.kz. Retrieved 23 February 2015.
3. "Timeline: Kazakhstan". BBC News. 31 January 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2013.
4. "Astana – the capital of the Republic of Kazakhstan". Official site of the President of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Archived from the original on 17 March 2015. Retrieved 10 March 2015.
5. Njeru, Purity (2009). "History of Gaborone". Nairobi, Kenya: The African Executive. Archived from the original on 7 July 2011. Retrieved 20 June 2009.
6. "مسابقة هوية مصر". www.egbranding.eg. Retrieved 4 November 2021.
7. Kingsley, Patrick (16 March 2015). "A new New Cairo: Egypt plans £30bn purpose-built capital in desert". the Guardian. Retrieved 20 November 2018.
8. Faris Mokhtar; Rieka Rahadiana (2 August 2022). "Indonesia Breaks Ground on Nusantara as Jakarta Sinks". Bloomberg.
9. "Indonesia plans to relocate its capital from Jakarta". SBS News. Retrieved 7 May 2019.
10. Kusuma, Hendra (26 August 2019). "Resmi! Jokowi Putuskan Ibu Kota RI Pindah ke Kaltim". detikfinance (in Indonesian). Retrieved 26 August 2019.
11. "Head Of Bappenas Suharso: Name Of The Capital City Of The Archipelago". VOI - Waktunya Merevolusi Pemberitaan. Retrieved 17 January 2022.
12. Ibrahim Al Abed; Peter Hellyer (1 June 2001). United Arab Emirates: a new perspective. Trident Press Ltd. p. 131. ISBN 978-1-900724-47-0. Retrieved 25 January 2021.
13. Santi, Matías Di (9 September 2010). "El traslado de la capital a Viedma". Chequeado (in Spanish). Retrieved 20 November 2021.