Johann Ludwig Bach (14 February [O.S. 4 February] 1677 – 1 May 1731) was a German composer and violinist.
He was born in Thal (Ruhla) [de] near Eisenach. At the age of 22 he moved to Meiningen eventually being appointed cantor there, and later Kapellmeister. He wrote a large amount of music and regularly oversaw performances, both at Meiningen and neighbouring courts.
The earliest lists of compositions by Johann Ludwig Bach appeared in the 19th century: Johann Theodor Mosewius listed 16 of his cantatas in 1852,[1] and Alfred Dörffel listed 17 cantatas and the Mass in E minor, with their incipits, in Vol. 41 of the Bach-Gesellschaft Ausgabe (1894).[2] The Johann-Ludwig-Bach-Verzeichnis (catalogue of compositions by Johann Ludwig Bach, abbreviated JLB) contains 39 compositions, starting, in the same sequence, with the 17 cantatas listed by Dörffel:[3]
Aria (bass): "Ja, mir hast du Arbeit gemacht" (Yes, you rather burden me, Isaiah 43:24–25) – Recitative (tenor): "Der Herr der Herrlichkeit" (The Lord of blessedness) – Duet (alto, tenor): "Ach, der Sünden Greul und Wust" (O, confusing sinfulness) – Recitative (bass): "Sehet, wir gehen hinauf" (Come now, we journey the path)
Part II
Aria (soprano): "Fließt, ihr Lieb- und Trauertränen" (Flow, my tears of love and mourning!, Luke 18:31–33) – Recitative (soprano): "Dies ist das Reis'geschenk" (With tears I follow you) – Arioso (alto): "O wundergroße Lieb" (O wondrous loving heart) – Chorus: "Zieh, teurer Jesus, hin" (My precious Lord, alas), concluding with two stanzas from Johannes Heermann's "Herzliebster Jesu, was hast du verbrochen" (tune by Johannes Crüger)
Aria (bass): "Mache dich auf, werde licht" (Rise up and shine, be a light) – Duet (soprano, tenor): "Und die Heiden" (And the nations) – Recitative (alto): "Siehst du, verdüstert Aug'" (See now, most darkened eye) – Aria (soprano): "Weicht, ihr Schatten" (Flee, dark shadows) – Aria (tenor): "Herr, nun lässet du deinen Diener" (Lord, you let now your faithful servant)
Part II
Aria (alto): "Herr, dein Wort, das ist geschehen" (Lord, your word has been fulfilled now) – Recitative (soprano, alto, tenor, bass): "Dein Reich ist ja den Menschen zubereitet" (Your kingdom, Lord, is meant for ev'rybody) – Chorus: "Laß, Höchster, diesen Wunsch" (Most highest, may this wish)
"O Herr, ich bin dein Knecht" (Chorus) – Recitative: "Du Gottes Ebenbild" (Soprano) – Aria: "Ach ja, die Ketten" (Soprano) – Recitative: "Dein Will kann nicht das?" (Alto) – Aria: "O Herr, ich bin dein Knecht" (Alto) – Recitative: "So kannstu aus dem Diensthaus" (Tenor) – Aria: "Ob gleich aller Treiber Wut" (Tenor) – Recitative: "Ja, der, dem alle Macht" (Bass) – "Meine Bande sind zurissen" (Chorus)
Part II:
Duet and Aria: Ich suche nur das Himmelleben (Soprano, Alto, Bass) – Chorale: Herr Jesu Christ (Chorus) – Duet: Drum will ich auch Dankopfer bringen (Alto, Tenor) – Aria: Das, was ich meinem Gott versprochen (Bass) – Chorale: Herr Jesu Christ (Chorus) – Duet: Drum Welt, ade, ich bin dein müde (Soprano, Alto) – Aria and Chorale: Jerusalem, ich tu verlangen (Tenor, Bass, Chorus)
Part III:
Dir Will Ich Dank Opfern (Chorus) – Recitative: Was Ist Der Mensch, Herr (Alto) – Aria: Dies Macht Dein Sohn (Alto) – Recitative: Befreit Mich Nun Der Sohn (Tenor) – Aria: Lob Und Dank Zum Opfer Geben (Tenor) – Recitative: Doch Eines Weiss Ich Noch (Soprano) – Aria: Da, Da Will Ich Dir Bezahlen (Soprano) – Accompagnato: Die Herrschaft, Welche Nur (Bass) – So Viel Gnadengaben (Bass) – Finale: In Dir, Jerusalem (Chorus) – Chorale: Preis, Lob, Ehr, Ruhm, Dank, Kraft Und Macht (Chorus)
Unsere Trübsal die zeitlich und leicht ist, motet.[50][51][52]
Das Blut Jesu Christi, motet.[53]
Sei nun wieder zufrieden, motet.[54]
Gedenke meiner, mein Gott, funeral motet.[55]
Ich habe dich ein klein Augenblick verlassen, motet.[56]
Kyrie–Gloria Mass in E minor, Missa super cantilena "Allein Gott in der Höh sei Ehr", a.k.a. BWV Anh. 166, formerly attributed to Johann Nicolaus Bach. Short addition by J. S. Bach in his Leipzig copy of this composition. The text of the Gloria is partly in German: it intersperses the Latin text of the Gloria with, as cantus firmus, all four stanzas of "Allein Gott in der Höh sei Ehr" (which is itself a paraphrase of the Gloria), a Lutheran hymn by Nicolaus Decius and Joachim Slüter. Movements:[2][35][57][58][59][60]
In 1852 Denn du wirst meine Seele nicht in der Hölle lassen, JLB 21, was published as J. S. Bach's 15th cantata by the Bach-Gesellschaft.[73]Carus Verlag published the Kyrie-Gloria Mass (JLB 38),[59] the Suite in G major (JLB 20),[74] the motets,[75] and a few cantatas (JLB 5, 8 and 9).[3][21][24] Facsimiles of several 18th-century manuscripts containing Johann Ludwig Bach's works are available at the Bach Digital website. Ulrich Leisinger's edition of the Trauermusik, JLB 19, was published by Hofmeister.[76]
Mona Spägele, Harry Van Berne, Stephan Schreckenberger, Christiane Iven, Bremen Baroque Orchestra, Alsfelder Vokalensemble, Gesualdo Consort and others conducted by Wolfgang Helbich (before 2014)[79]
Motets, JLB 27–37:
JLB 27, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36 and 37: Maria Zadori, Lena Susanne Norin, Guy de Mey, Klaus Mertens, Veronika Winter, Gundula Anders, Hans Jörg Mammel, Hans-Joachim Weber, Annette Schneider, Rheinische Kantorei and Das Kleine Konzert conducted by Hermann Max (1997–2004)[35]
JLB 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36 and 37: Ex tempore Gent, Orpheon Consort Wien, Florian Heyerick (2006)[80]
JLB 28 and 33: Choir of Clare College Cambridge conducted by Timothy Brown (2013)[81]
JLB 28, 32 and 33: Leipziger Cantorey conducted by Gotthold Schwarz (2015)[82]
Maria Zadori, Kai Wessel, David Cordier, Wilfried Jochens, Hans-Georg Wimmer, Stephan Schreckenberger, Harry van der Kamp, Rheinische Kantorei and Das Kleine Konzert conducted by Hermann Max (2004)[19]
Ex Tempore, conducted by Florian Heyerick (2012)[85]
Concerto, JLB 39:
Reinhard Goebel, Stephan Schardt and Musica Antiqua Köln (2012)[77]
Mona Spägele, Harry Van Berne, Stephan Schreckenberger, Christiane Iven, Bremen Baroque Orchestra, Alsfelder Vocal Ensemble, Gesualdo Consort and others conducted by Wolfgang Helbich (before 2014)[79]
References
^Johann Theodor Mosewius. Johann Sebastian Bach's Matthaüs-Passion, musikalisch-aesthetisch dargestellt. Berlin: Guttentag (Trautwein), 1852; Republished by Michael Heinemann (editor) at Georg Olms Verlag, 2001 (ISBN 9783487418766), p. VI
^ a b cDörffel 1894, "Vorwort", pp. XXXVI–XL, and "Anhang II", pp. 275–276.
^ a b cHermann Max (editor). Johann Ludwig Bach: Ja, mir hast du Arbeit gemacht. Carus, 1982
^Gott ist unser Zuversicht, JLB 1 (Bach, Johann Ludwig) at IMSLP website
^ a b c d eBarbara Schlick, Mary Nichols, Wilfried Jochens, Jugendkantorei Dormagen, Das Kleine Konzert and Hermann Max (conductor). Johann Ludwig Bach: Kantaten. Carus, 1981
^Ja, mir hast du Arbeit gemacht, JLB 5 (Bach, Johann Ludwig) at IMSLP website
^ a b c d eMaria Zadori, Kai Wessel, David Cordier, Wilfried Jochens, Hans-Georg Wimmer, Stephan Schreckenberger, Harry van der Kamp, the Rheinische Kantorei, the Kleine Konzert and Hermann Max (conductor) Missa Brevis "Allein Gott in der Höh sei Ehr". Archived 23 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine Capriccio, 2004
^ a bHans Hornung and Martin Gotthard Schneider (editors). Johann Ludwig Bach: Die mit Tränen säen. Carus, 1977 (21992)
^ a bSusanne Gorzny, Steve Wächter, Michael Zabanoff, Biederitzer Kantorei, Telemann-Consort-Magdeburg and Michael Scholl (conductor). mitteldeutsche Barockkantaten. Amati, 2007
^ a b c dMaria Zadori, Lena Susanne Norin, Guy de Mey, Klaus Mertens, Veronika Winter, Gundula Anders, Hans Jörg Mammel, Hans-Joachim Weber, Annette Schneider, Rheinische Kantorei, Das Kleine Konzert and Hermann Max (conductor). Johann Ludwig Bach: Trauermusik (für Soli, Doppelchor, 2 Orchester). Archived 23 March 2015 at the Wayback Machine Capriccio, 2011
^Forkel & Terry 1920, Terry's first footnote p. 141.
^Schicht 1805.
^Hilgenfeldt 1850, p. 117.
^Dürr, Kobayashi & Beißwenger 1998, p. 460.
^Beißwenger 2000.
^Johann Nikolaus Forkel, translated with notes and appendices by Charles Sanford Terry: Johann Sebastian Bach: His Life, Art, and Work New York: Harcourt, Brace and Howe; London: Constable. 1920, p. 227
^Ulrich Leisinger. Johann Ludwig Bach: Trauermusik auf Herzog Ernst Ludwig I. von Sachsen-Coburg-Meiningen. Hofmeister, 2013
^ a bMusica Antiqua Köln and Reinhard Goebel (conductor). Bach Bachianas: Music by the Bach Family. Deutsche Grammophon, 2012
^Freiburg Baroque Orchestra and Thomas Hengelbrock (conductor) Johann Bernhard Bach: Orchestral Suites; Suites by J.L. Bach, Telemann, Fasch, & Zelenka. Warner Classics, 2015
^ a bMona Spägele, Harry Van Berne, Stephan Schreckenberger, Christiane Iven, Bremen Baroque Orchestra, Alsfelder Vocal Ensemble, Gesualdo Consort, etc. and Wolfgang Helbich (conductor). The Sacred Apocryphal Bach / Helbich, Alsfelder Vokalensemble (8-CD Set) CPO, 2014
^Ex tempore Gent, Orpheon Consort Wien and Florian Heyerick (conductor). Johann Ludwig Bach: Motetten für Doppelchor. Archived 23 March 2015 at the Wayback MachineCarus-Verlag, 2006.
^Choir of Clare College Cambridge and Timothy Brown (conductor). Motets of the Bach Family – J.C. Bach; J.S. Bach; J.M. Bach; J.L. Bach. United Classics, 2013
^Leipziger Cantorey and Gotthold Schwarz (conductor). Von Bach zu Bach – Motetten der Bach-Familie. Querstand, 2015
^Cantus Cölln, Concerto Palatino and Konrad Junghänel (conductor) Altbachisches Archiv – Les Archives de J.S. Bach. Harmonia Mundi, 2015
^Ex Tempore and Florian Heyerick (conductor) Un dimanche à Leipzig. Ricercar, 2012
Sources
Beißwenger, Kirsten (2000). "Missa (Kyrie und Gloria) G-Dur (BWV Anh. 167)" [Mass (Kyrie and Gloria) G major (BWV Anh. 167)]. Lateinische Kirchenmusik, Passionen: Werke zweifelhafter Echtheit, Bearbeitungen fremder Kompositionen (Kritischer Bericht) [Latin Church Music, Passions: Works with Doubtful Authenticity, Arrangements of Music from other Composers (Critical Commentary)]. New Bach Edition (in German). Vol. II/9. Bärenreiter. ISMN 9790006494927. BA 5095-41.
Bitter, Karl Hermann (1865). "F. Die lateinischen kurzen Messen" [F. The Latin short masses]. Johann Sebastian Bach (in German). Vol. II (1st ed.). Berlin: Schneider. pp. 111–134.
Hilgenfeldt, Carl L. (1850). "D. Missen" [D. Masses]. Johann Sebastian Bach's Leben, Wirken und Werke: ein Beitrag zur Kunstgeschichte des achtzehnten Jahrhunderts [Johann Sebastian Bach's Life, Work and Works: A Contribution to Art History of the Eighteenth Century] (in German). Leipzig: Friedrich Hofmeister. pp. 115–117.
Schicht, Johann Gottfried, ed. (1805). Messa a 8 voci reali e 4 ripiene coll'accompagnamento di due Orchestre, composta da Giov. Sebast. Bach: Partitura, copiata dalla partitura autografa dell' Autore [Mass in eight real voices and four additional voices, accompanied by two Orchestras, composed by Joh. Sebast. Bach: Score, copied from the autograph score of the Author] (in Italian and Latin). Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel. Harvard Digital Collections.
Wollny, Peter (2015). "Vom „apparat der auserleßensten kirchen Stücke" zum „Vorrath an Musicalien, von J. S. Bach und andern berühmten Musicis": Quellenkundliche Ermittlungen zur frühen Thüringer Bach-Überlieferung und zu einigen Weimarer Schülern und Kollegen Bachs". Bach-Jahrbuch 2015 [Bach Yearbook 2015]. Bach-Jahrbuch (in German). Vol. 101. Leipzig: Evangelische Verlagsanstalt. ISBN 978-3-374-04320-0. ISSN 0084-7682.
External links
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Diskographie der Bach Werke - Johann Sebastian Bach – Bach-Familie: Johann Ludwig Bach