In electronics, electric power and telecommunication, coupling is the transfer of electrical energy from one circuit to another, or between parts of a circuit. Coupling can be deliberate as part of the function of the circuit, or it may be undesirable, for instance due to coupling to stray fields. For example, energy is transferred from a power source to an electrical load by means of conductive coupling, which may be either resistive or direct coupling. An AC potential may be transferred from one circuit segment to another having a DC potential by use of a capacitor. Electrical energy may be transferred from one circuit segment to another segment with different impedance by use of a transformer; this is known as impedance matching. These are examples of electrostatic and electrodynamic inductive coupling.
Electrical conduction:
Electromagnetic induction:
Electromagnetic radiation:
Other kinds of energy coupling:
Los circuitos que hemos considerado hasta ahora pueden considerarse acoplados conductivamente, porque un bucle afecta al bucle vecino a través de la conducción de corriente. Cuando dos bucles con o sin contactos entre ellos se afectan entre sí a través del campo magnético generado por uno de ellos, se dice que están acoplados magnéticamente.