La provincia de Assam fue una provincia de la India británica , creada en 1912 por la partición de Bengala Oriental y la provincia de Assam. Su capital estaba en Shillong .
El territorio de Assam se separó por primera vez de Bengala en 1874 como provincia no regulada de la "Frontera Noreste" . Se incorporó a la nueva provincia de Bengala Oriental y Assam en 1905 y se restableció como provincia en 1912.
En 1824, Assam fue ocupada por fuerzas británicas tras la Primera Guerra Anglo-Birmana y el 24 de febrero de 1826 fue cedida a Gran Bretaña por Birmania en virtud del Tratado de Yandaboo de 1826 . [4] Entre 1826 y 1832, Assam pasó a formar parte de Bengala bajo la presidencia de Bengala . Desde 1832 hasta octubre de 1838, el estado principesco de Assam fue restaurado en el Alto Assam mientras los británicos gobernaban en el Bajo Assam. A Purandar Singha se le permitió gobernar como rey del Alto Assam en 1833, pero después de ese breve período, los británicos anexaron Assam a Bengala. En 1873, se impuso el control político británico sobre las comunidades naga occidentales . El 6 de febrero de 1874, Assam, incluida Sylhet , fue separada de Bengala para formar la Comisaría Jefe de Assam, también conocida como la "Frontera Noreste". Shillong fue elegida como capital de la provincia no regulada de Assam en septiembre de 1874. Las colinas de Lushai fueron transferidas a Assam en 1897. La nueva comisionada incluía los cinco distritos de Assam propiamente dicho ( Kamrup , Nagaon , Darrang , Sibsagar y Lakhimpur ), Khasi-Jaintia Hills , Garo Hills , Naga Hills , Goalpara y Sylhet - Cachar comprenden aproximadamente 54.100 millas cuadradas. Cooch Behar , una parte histórica de Assam, quedó fuera. [5]
From 16 October 1905, Assam became part of the Province of East Bengal and Assam. The province was annulled in 1911 following a sustained mass protest campaign and on 1 April 1912 the two parts of Bengal were reunited and a new partition based on language followed, Oriya and Assamese areas were separated to form new administrative units: Bihar and Orissa Province was created to the west, and Assam Province to the east.
British India's Montagu–Chelmsford Reforms enacted through the Government of India Act 1919 expanded the Assam Legislative Council and introduced the principle of dyarchy, whereby certain responsibilities such as agriculture, health, education, and local government, were transferred to elected ministers. Some of the Indian ministers under the dyarchy scheme were Sir Syed Muhammad Saadulla (Education and Agriculture 1924–1934) and Rai Bahadur Promode Chandra Dutta (Local Self-government).[6]
The Government of India Act 1935 provided provincial autonomy and further enlarged the elected provincial legislature to 108 elected members.[7] In 1937, elections were held for the newly created Assam Legislative Assembly established in Shillong. The Indian National Congress had the largest number of seats, with 38 members, but declined to form a government. Therefore, the Assam Valley Party with Muslim League's support Sir Syed Muhammad Saadulla was invited to form a ministry. Saadulla's government resigned in September 1938, after the Congress changed its decision, and the Governor, Sir Robert Neil Reid, then invited Gopinath Bordoloi. Bordoloi's cabinet included the future President of India Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed. During the Japanese invasion of India in 1944, some areas of Assam Province, including the Naga Hills district and part of the Manipur princely state, were occupied by Japanese forces between mid March and July.
When fresh elections to the provincial legislatures were called in 1946, the Congress won a majority in Assam, and Bordoloi was again the Chief Minister. Prior to the Independence of India, on 1 April 1946, Assam Province was granted self-rule and on 15 August 1947 it became part of the Dominion of India.[8] Bordoloi continued as the Chief Minister even after India's independence in 1947.
Religión en la provincia de Assam (1941) [ cita necesaria ]
Este artículo incorpora texto de una publicación que ahora es de dominio público : Chisholm, Hugh , ed. (1911). "Assam". Encyclopædia Britannica (11ª ed.). Prensa de la Universidad de Cambridge.
26°08′N 91°46′E / 26.14°N 91.77°E / 26.14; 91.77
