Campbell (/ˈkæməl/;[8] CAM-ell) is a city in eastern Mahoning County, Ohio, United States, along the Mahoning River. The population was 7,852 at the 2020 census. Located directly southeast of Youngstown, it is a suburb of the Youngstown–Warren metropolitan area.
Campbell was first called East Youngstown and this designation still appears on real estate deeds between 1902 and 1926, when the city was renamed for local industrialist James Campbell, then chairman of the Youngstown Sheet and Tube Company.[9]
In 1902, the Youngstown Iron Sheet and Tube Company established a factory near the Mahoning River in what was then Coitsville Township. A settlement grew around the factory, called East Youngstown, due to its location just southeast from downtown Youngstown.[10] The village was incorporated in 1908, as its population swelled with young immigrants to work in the steel industry. Many immigrants to the village were Greeks.
The plant, which would later be known as the Campbell Works, contained four blast furnaces, twelve open hearth furnaces, several blooming mills, two Bessemer converters, a slabbing mill, a butt-weld tube mill, a 79-inch (2,000 mm) hot strip mill, seamless tube mills, and 9-inch (230 mm) and 12-inch (300 mm) bar mills. Due to the imbalance of ironmaking and steelmaking facilities at the two plants, rail shipments of molten iron "hot metal" were sent from Campbell to the company’s Brier Hill Works from 1937 until 1979.
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In 1916, Sheet and Tube workers at the East Youngstown plant rioted during a strike over working conditions, which resulted in most of the town's business district being burned to the ground. The strike was quelled by the arrival of National Guard troops. After the riots, the company erected a series of townhouses known as "Iron Soup" that were the first prefabricated concrete home development in the world.[1] In 1926, the city was renamed to recognize James Anson Campbell, president of the iron company during the founding of the city.[11]
The company abruptly closed its Campbell Works and furloughed 5,000 workers on September 19, 1977,[12] a day remembered locally as "Black Monday."
Campbell is sometimes referred to as the "City of Churches" because of the wide variety of religious structures found throughout the community.
Campbell is located on the north bank of the Mahoning River. The city has a total area of 3.74 square miles (9.69 km2), of which 3.71 square miles (9.61 km2) is land and 0.03 square miles (0.08 km2) is water.[13]
As of the 2000 United States Census,[7] there were 9,460 people, 3,729 households, and 2,602 families in the city. The population density was 2,548/sqmi (984/km2). There were 4,099 housing units at an average density of 1,104/sqmi (426/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 77.21% White, 16.69% African American, 0.10% Native American, 0.21% Asian, 3.48% from other races, and 2.32% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.97% of the population.
There were 3,729 households, out of which 28.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 45.9% were married couples living together, 18.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 28.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 16.5% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.54 and the average family size was 3.10.
The city population contained 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 23.9% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 21.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.7 years. For every 100 females, there were 86.2 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 81.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $29,803, and the median income for a family was $37,500. Males had a median income of $33,558 versus $20,121 for females. The per capita income for the city was $17,981. About 16.1% of families and 18.3% of the population were below the poverty line, including 29.2% of those under age 18 and 8.2% of those age 65 or over.
76.8% spoke English, 8.7% Greek, 8.5% Spanish, 2.7% Italian, and 1.8% Slovak.[17]
As of the 2010 United States Census,[18] there were 8,235 people, 3,393 households, and 2,209 families in the city. The population density was 2,218/sqmi (857/km2). There were 3,974 housing units at an average density of 1071/sqmi (413/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 69.1% White, 21.2% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.4% Asian, 5.2% from other races, and 3.8% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 15.8% of the population.
There were 3,393 households, of which 29.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.5% were married couples living together, 19.3% had a female householder with no husband present, 6.3% had a male householder with no wife present, and 34.9% were non-families. 31.2% of all households were made up of individuals, and 15.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.43 and the average family size was 3.03.
The median age in the city was 41.5 years. 23.2% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.7% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 21.7% were from 25 to 44; 26.8% were from 45 to 64; and 19.6% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.4% male and 52.6% female.
According to the 2020 United States census, Campbell had a population of 7,852. Of which, 50.7% were non-hispanic White, 22.2% were non-hispanic Black, 22.1% were Hispanic/Latino, 0.3% were Asian, 4.7% were mixed or other.[19]
Children in Campbell are served by the Campbell City School District.[20] The current schools serving Campbell are:
Campbell has one public library, a branch of the Public Library of Youngstown and Mahoning County.[21]