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1924 Summer Olympics

The 1924 Summer Olympics (French: Jeux olympiques d'été de 1924), officially the Games of the VIII Olympiad (French: Jeux de la VIIIe olympiade) and officially branded as Paris 1924, were an international multi-sport event held in Paris, France. The opening ceremony was held on 5 July, but some competitions had already started on 4 May. The Games were the second to be hosted by Paris (after 1900), making it the first city to host the Olympics twice.

The selection process for the 1924 Summer Olympics consisted of six bids, and Paris was selected ahead of Amsterdam, Barcelona, Los Angeles, Prague, and Rome. The selection was made at the 20th IOC Session in Lausanne in 1921.[2] The cost of these Games was estimated to be 10,000,000 F (equivalent to €10.1 million in 2022[3]). With total receipts at 5,496,610 F (equivalent to €5.53 million in 2022), the Olympics resulted in a hefty loss despite crowds that reached up to 60,000 in number daily.[4] The United States won the most gold and overall medals, having 229 athletes competing compared to France's 401.

Highlights

Colombes Olympic Stadium

Sports

Overall map of the Olympic venues
The "Olympic Number" of Life, 10 Jul 1924.

126 events in 23 disciplines, comprising 17 sports, were part of the Olympic program in 1924. The number of events in each discipline is noted in parentheses.

Demonstration sports

Jeux de L’Enfance

The Jeux de L’Enfance, a program of youth sports competitions and activities, were held by Olympic organizers alongside the Games in cooperation with the YMCA.[9][10] The following future Olympic sports were exhibited:

Venues

Map of Olympic sites

Seventeen sports venues were used in the 1924 Summer Olympics. Stade de Colombes served as the final venue for the 1938 FIFA World Cup between Italy and Hungary.

Participating nations

Participating Countries of the 1924 Olympiad
Number of athletes

A total of 44 nations were represented at the 1924 Games. Germany was still absent, having not been invited by the Organizing Committee.[28] China (although it did not compete), Ecuador, Ireland, Lithuania, and Uruguay attended the Olympic Games for the first time, while the Philippines competed for first time in an Olympic Games as a nation (though it first participated in the 1900 Summer Olympic Games). Latvia and Poland also attended the Summer Olympic Games for the first time (having both appeared earlier at the 1924 Winter Olympics in Chamonix).

In these games we have the return of these nations: Austria, Bulgaria, Cuba, Haiti, Hungary, Mexico, Romania and Turkey

At the time, Australia, New Zealand, Canada, South Africa and Ireland were all dominions of the British Empire. India was also part of British Empire, but was not a dominion. For other sovereign states (i.e. United States, France, Brazil, Japan, etc) and the international community as a whole (i.e League of Nations) the term dominion, used internally in the British Empire, was very ambiguous, meaning "something between a colony and state". It was only years later with the Statute of Westminster 1931 that this ambiguity would be dispelled.

And Philippines was an unincorporated territory and commonwealth of the United States.

Number of athletes by National Olympic Committees

Medal count

These are the nations that won medals the 1924 Games.

  *   Host nation (France)

Legacy

The 1924 Summer Olympics was the second edition of the Summer Olympics to be held in Paris. 100 years later, the city has hosted the games once again with the 2024 Summer Olympics, marking its third time, becoming the second city ever to host the Summer Olympics three times (after London, which hosted the 1908, 1948, and 2012 Games). Paris 2024 also marks the centenary of Chamonix 1924, which in turn marks the centenary of the Winter Olympics; making Paris 2024 the sixth Olympic Games hosted by France (three Summer Olympics and three Winter Olympics), and the first French Olympics since the 1992 Winter Games in Albertville.

Notable debuts of participating countries for the Paris 1924 Olympics include Ireland, Latvia, Lithuania, Philippines, Poland, Romania, and Uruguay; all of which celebrated their centenary participation at the 2024 Summer Olympics back in Paris.

One venue from the 1924 Games is slated to be used in 2024. The extensively renovated and downsized main stadium, known since 1928 as Stade Olympique Yves-du-Manoir, will host field hockey.

The last surviving competitor of the 1924 Summer Olympics was Croatian swimmer Ivo Pavelić, who died on 22 February 2011 at the age of 103; he competed for Yugoslavia, which Croatia was part of at the time. [32]

Continuation of Jeux de L’Enfance, games for youth sports and competition, from the Paris 1924 was embodied through the creation of Youth Olympics Games inaugurating in Singapore with the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics with 3,600 athletes aged 14–18 from 204 nations competing in 201 events in 26 sports.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Factsheet - Opening Ceremony of the Games f the Olympiad" (PDF) (Press release). International Olympic Committee. 13 September 2013. Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 August 2016. Retrieved 22 December 2018.
  2. ^ "Past Olympic host city election results". GamesBids. Archived from the original on 24 January 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2011.
  3. ^ 1262 to 1789 Leonardo Ridolfi, The French economy in the longue durée: a study on real wages, working days and economic performance from Louis IX to the Revolution (1250–1789), Ridolfi, L. (2019). Six Centuries of Real Wages in France from Louis IX to Napoleon III: 1250–1860. The Journal of Economic History, 79(3), 589-627. 1798 to 1809: Mitchell, B. R. (Brian R.). (1975). European historical statistics, 1750-1970. New York: Columbia University Press, 1810 to 1903: Sauvy, Alfred. Variations des prix de 1810 à nos jours. Journal de la société française de statistique, Volume 93 (1952) , pp. 88-104 1904 to 2022: Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques, Coefficient de transformation de l'euro ou du franc d'une année, en euro ou en franc d'une autre année – Base 2015 – Série utilisée par le convertisseur franc-euro – Identifiant 010605954
  4. ^ Zarnowski, C. Frank (Summer 1992). "A Look at Olympic Costs" (PDF). Citius, Altius, Fortius. 1 (1): 16–32. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 10 August 2017.
  5. ^ The Official History of the Olympic Games and the IOC- Athens to Beijing, 1894–2008: David Miller (2008)
  6. ^ "Opening Ceremony" (PDF). International Olympic Committee. 2002. p. 3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 December 2011. Retrieved 23 August 2012.; "Sport athlétique", 14 mars 1891: "[...] dans une éloquente allocution il a souhaité que ce drapeau les conduise 'souvent à la victoire, à la lutte toujours'. Il a dit qu'il leur donnait pour devise ces trois mots qui sont le fondement et la raison d'être des sports athlétiques: citius, altius, fortius, 'plus vite, plus haut, plus fort'.", cited in Hoffmane, Simone La carrière du père Didon, Dominicain. 1840 - 1900, Doctoral thesis, Université de Paris IV - Sorbonne, 1985, p. 926; cf. Michaela Lochmann, Les fondements pédagogiques de la devise olympique „citius, altius, fortius"
  7. ^ M. Avé, Comité Olympique Français, pp. 601–612
  8. ^ "Demonstration sports : history at the Olympic Summer Games / The Olympic Studies Centre". Olympic World Library. 19 January 2024. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 27 January 2024.
  9. ^ Barker, Philip (3 March 2015). "Did the first Youth Olympics really take place in Paris 100 years ago?". International Society of Olympic Historians – ISOH. Retrieved 29 January 2024.
  10. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 628. (in French)
  11. ^ a b 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 528-9. (in French)
  12. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 165-7. (in French)
  13. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 565-6. (in French)
  14. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 501-3. (in French)
  15. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 222-3. (in French)
  16. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 544-6, 549. (in French)
  17. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 584, 587. (in French)
  18. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 563-5, 568. (in French)
  19. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 489, 548-9.
  20. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 582-3, 587. (in French)
  21. ^ 1924 Olympic official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 438-40, 443-4, 499 (in French).
  22. ^ 1924 Summer Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 318, 320. (in French)
  23. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 50-5, 96-7, 121, 152, 216, 222, 238, 248, 265, 318, 339, 375, 499, 503, 536. (in French)
  24. ^ 1924 Summer Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 318, 321. (in French)
  25. ^ 1924 Summer Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 318, 322. (in French).
  26. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 182-3, 203-4, 255, 266, 400, 425, 507. (in French)
  27. ^ 1924 Olympics official report. Archived 5 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine pp. 200-217. (in French)
  28. ^ Guttmann, Allen (1992). The Olympics: A History of the Modern Games. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press. p. 38. ISBN 0-252-01701-3.
  29. ^ M. Avé (ed.). Les Jeux de la VIIIe Olympiade Paris 1924 – Rapport Officiel (PDF) (in French). Paris: Librairie de France. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 May 2011. Retrieved 16 October 2012. 39 seulement s'alignérent, ne représentant plus que 24 nations, la Chine, le Portugal et la Yougoslavie ayant déclaré forfait.
  30. ^ Georgiou, Mark (26 March 2012). "Everest Olympic medal pledge set to be honoured". BBC News. Archived from the original on 22 September 2014. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
  31. ^ Douglas, Ed (19 May 2012). "My modest father never mentioned his Everest expedition Olympic gold". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 31 August 2012.
  32. ^ "Ivo Pavelić". Olympedia. Archived from the original on 8 June 2021. Retrieved 8 June 2021.

External links

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