The ratification of the agreement by all sides also marked the end of the Bangladesh genocide, perpetrated by Pakistan during the conflict. Bangladesh and the Indian Armed Forces celebrate Pakistan's 1971 defeat and surrender on an annual basis, observing 16 December as Victory Day.[11][12][13]
Niazi accepted the surrender while the crowd on the race course promptly erupted in celebrations.[18]
Text of the instrument
The document is now public property under the governments of India, Bangladesh, and Pakistan, and can be seen on display at the National Museum in the Indian capital of New Delhi. The text of the Instrument of Surrender is as follows:[19][20]
Sources
"Instrument of Surrender of Pakistani forces in Dacca", Hosted by Ministry of External Affairs, India
"The Separation of East Pakistan"
References
^ a b"The Surrender Document". The New York Times. 17 December 1971. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 19 June 2021.
^Burke, S. M. (1974). Mainsprings of Indian and Pakistani foreign policies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. ISBN 978-0-8166-6172-5. OCLC 234380949. ...continuing deadlock over the release of some 93,000 Pakistani prisoners of war, including 15,000 civilian men, women and children, captured in East Pakistan (the few hundred prisoners captured by each side on the Western front were exchanged on December 1, 1972).
^"Dacca Captured". The New York Times. 17 December 1971.
^"An unprecedented surrender, and the birth of a nation". 16 December 2022.
^"Flashback: From behind the barbed wire". Dawn. 16 December 2012. Archived from the original on 16 December 2021. Retrieved 16 December 2021.
^Koul, Bill K. (2020). The Exiled Pandits of Kashmir: Will They Ever Return Home?. Springer Nature. p. 254. ISBN 978-981-15-6537-3. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 20 January 2022. More than 90,000...., the largest ever since World War 2.
^"Country marks 50 years of 1971 war". The Hindu. 16 December 2021. ISSN 0971-751X. Archived from the original on 26 January 2022. Retrieved 26 January 2022. It was the largest military surrender after the Second World War and the Indian armed forces, along with Mukti Bahini, liberated Bangladesh in a span of just 13 days and also the surrender of 93,000 Pakistani soldiers, the largest surrender of armed forces post Second World War.
^"Pakistan Admits That Bangladesh Exists as Nation". The New York Times. 23 February 1974.
^"Recognition, as equals". 17 March 2020.
^"Vijay Diwas '23: How Indian Army made Pakistani counterpart surrender in just 13 days & liberated Bangladesh". The Economic Times. 16 December 2023.
^"Victory Day celebrated". 16 December 2022.
^"Birth of a Nation". The New York Times. 25 December 1971.
^Howard S. Levie (January 1974). "The Indo-Pakistani Agreement of August 28, 1973". American Journal of International Law. 68 (1). American Society of International Law: 95–97. doi:10.2307/2198806. JSTOR 2198806. S2CID 246007433.
^"A leaf from history: The fall and surrender". 13 May 2012.
^"Witnessing the surrender of Pakistan". 16 December 2020.
^"How Lt General JFR Jacob secured Pakistan's surrender in 1971". 16 December 2020.
^Kuldip Nayar (3 February 1998). "Of betrayal and bungling". Indian Express. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
^"The Instrument of Surrender". Virtual Bangladesh. 2015. Archived from the original on 17 March 2018. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
^"The Separation of East Pakistan". Story of Pakistan. 1 June 2003. Archived from the original on 2 October 2018. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
External links
Media related to Pakistani Instrument of Surrender at Wikimedia Commons