Los rangos policiales son un sistema de relaciones jerárquicas en las organizaciones policiales . [1] El sistema de rangos define la autoridad y la responsabilidad en una organización policial, [2] y afecta la cultura dentro de la fuerza policial. [3] Los rangos policiales, dependiendo del país, son similares a los rangos militares [4] [5] en función y diseño debido a que la policía en muchos países se desarrolló a partir de organizaciones y operaciones militares, [6] como en Europa occidental , [7] [8] los países de la ex Unión Soviética , [9] y los países de habla inglesa . [10] [11] Por lo general, los uniformes denotan el rango del portador mediante insignias particulares fijadas a los uniformes. [12] [5]
El rango no sólo se utiliza para designar el liderazgo, sino también para establecer el nivel salarial. [13] A medida que aumenta el rango, aumenta el nivel salarial, pero también lo hace la cantidad de responsabilidad. [14]
Los rangos son válidos para las agencias de policía militar estatales (como la Policía Militar de Minas Gerais , São Paulo y Río de Janeiro ) y se enumeran, respectivamente, de mayor a menor rango: [29]
Oficiales
Otros
Brunéi
Oficiales de la Gaceta
Oficiales no oficiales
Bulgaria
Oficiales
Otros
Canadá
Si bien algunas fuerzas policiales más pequeñas o de áreas específicas (puertos, muelles, túneles, etc.) pueden usar variaciones o menos de estos rangos, la mayoría de las fuerzas policiales territoriales y las fuerzas policiales especiales tienen un conjunto estándar de rangos operativos basados en cualquiera de los dos sistemas que se muestran aquí:
Real Policía Montada de Canadá
Oficiales
Otros
Policía Real de Terranova
Seguridad de Quebec
Chad
Oficiales
Alistado
Chile
Estos son los rangos utilizados por los servicios policiales chilenos.
Desde 2017 esta agencia cuenta con insignias de rango. [34]
Carabineros de Chile
Oficiales
Suboficiales y soldados rasos
Porcelana
Policía Popular
Los oficiales de policía chinos usan insignias de rango en ambos lados de los hombros en el uniforme de servicio. Los oficiales superiores de rango de comisionado general y comisionado las usan en los uniformes de cuello blanco, y los oficiales de nivel supervisor e inferior las usan en los uniformes de cuello azul cielo. [ cita requerida ]
Sargento (SGT) (chino tradicional: 警長) : tres cheurones apuntando hacia abajo
Tropa
Policía superior (SPC) (chino tradicional: 高級警員) : galón que apunta hacia abajo
Agente de policía (PC) (chino tradicional: 警員) : diapositiva con número de identificación [48]
Hungría
Oficiales
Otros
Islandia
Fuente: [52]
India
Fuerzas policiales de los estados y territorios de la unión
La jerarquía policial india está estructurada en tres categorías distintas: el Servicio de Policía de la India (IPS), el Servicio de Policía Estatal (SPS) y el Servicio Subordinado de la Policía Estatal. Tanto el IPS como el SPS se clasifican en la categoría de oficiales oficiales, mientras que el Servicio Subordinado de la Policía Estatal se clasifica en la categoría no oficial. Fuerzas del Servicio, respectivamente.
^ La insignia de rango de DGP es similar a la de DGP adicional .
^ También conocido como superintendente de policía (grado de selección)
^ En un batallón de policía armada, el rango equivalente es "Comandante".
^ En un batallón de policía armada, el rango equivalente es el de Comandante Adjunto.
^ En un batallón de policía armada, el rango equivalente es el de Comandante Asistente.
^ La insignia de rango de una estrella solo se usa en la policía de Bengala Occidental . Todas las demás fuerzas policiales usan la insignia de rango de tres estrellas con banda roja y azul.
La policía iraquí se compone de tres ramas, bajo el mando del Ministerio del Interior , que son el Servicio de Policía Iraquí, encargado de la patrulla general de las ciudades de Irak, la Policía Federal (antes llamada Policía Nacional), que es un servicio de gendarmería que se ocupa de los incidentes que están fuera del control del Servicio de Policía Iraquí, pero que no son tan graves como para que el ejército iraquí esté involucrado, y la fuerza de apoyo que está formada por el Departamento de Control de Fronteras. [71]
Los rangos de los oficiales comisionados de la Policía iraquí son los mismos que los de las Fuerzas Armadas iraquíes, ordenados del más bajo al más alto con un símbolo en la charretera, sin embargo la diferencia es que los rangos de la Policía tienen insignias plateadas mientras que los rangos de las Fuerzas Armadas tienen insignias doradas.
Además, existe una categoría de rangos entre los rangos comisionados y otros rangos que se traduce simplemente como categoría de rango de "suboficial".
Los oficiales recién nombrados reciben el título de asistente de policía ( 순경시보, 巡警試補) por un período de prueba de un año. El uniforme y las insignias de un asistente son idénticos a los de un policía.
Comando y Gestión ( Cargos de Comando e Direcção )
Superintendente general ( superintendente-geral ): comandante del CPSP, representa al CPSP en eventos públicos
Superintendente ( superintendente ): comandante adjunto del CPSP
Oficiales ( Oficiais )
Intendente : oficial al mando de unidades de nivel I.
Subintendente : oficial al mando de unidades de nivel II .
Comisario ( commissário ): oficial al mando de unidades de nivel III
Subcomisionado ( subcomissário ): oficial al mando de unidades de nivel IV
Jefe ( chefe ): oficial al mando de unidades de nivel V
Agentes ( Agentes )
Subjefe ( subchefe ): coordinador de tareas complejas
Guardia principal : coordinador de tareas sencillas
Guardia de primera clase ( guarda de primeira ): ejecutor de tareas operativas, técnicas o administrativas.
Guarda : ejecutor de tareas operativas, técnicas o administrativas .
Macedonia del Norte
Malasia
Oficiales de la Gaceta
Oficiales no gacetados
Maldivas
Malta
México
De acuerdo con la Ley General del Sistema Nacional de Seguridad Pública, las policías federales, estatales y municipales tienen la obligación de contar con la misma organización jerárquica. Además, la guardia nacional utiliza su propio sistema de rangos.
Intendent: division commander in a metropolitan or regional command or second-in-command of a district command
Sub-intendent: division commander in a district command or second-in-command of a division commanded by an intendent
Commissioner: second-in-command of a division commanded by a sub-intendent
Sub-commissioner: commanding officer of a police squad (police station)
Chiefs
Principal chief: auxiliary of a unit commanding officer
Chief: supervisor of staff and leader of police teams
Agents
Principal agent: a senior principal agent who may perform the same functions as a chief, others perform the same functions as an agent
Agent: functions of police constable
ISCPSI students:
Officer candidate: student of the fifth year of the training course for police officers (CFOP)
Cadet: student of the fourth year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the third year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the second year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the first year of the CFOP
National Republican Guard
Officers
NCOs and constables
Romania
Romanian Police
Police officers' corps (Corpul ofiţerilor de poliţie)
Police agents' corps (Corpul agenţilor de poliţie)
Romanian Gendarmerie
Commissioned officers
Other ranks
Russia
Police of Russia
Officers
Other ranks
Main Directorate for Criminal Investigation of the Ministry of the Interior
Ministry of Interior criminal investigators have jurisdiction over cases concerning harm to health, crimes against property, economic crimes, drug trafficking, banditry and other such cases.
Officers
Enlisted
Investigative Committee of Russia
The Investigative Committee of Russia has jurisdiction over cases concerning murder, rape, kidnapping, encroachment on the life of a law enforcement officer and other such cases.
Federal Security Service
The Federal Security Service has jurisdiction over cases of treason, espionage, terrorism, hostage-taking and other crimes against national security.
Below shown are the rank structure of the Singapore Police Force.
Latest changes made to the ranks of the SPF were made in 2016. Officers with ranks that were made obsolete would continue to carry their ranks until their next promotion.
The United States law enforcement ranking model is generally quasi-military in structure. Each level of law enforcement (federal, state, and local) has its own rank structure and insignia, and these vary considerably from agency to agency. There is no nationally set law enforcement rank and insignia structure but they tend to follow similar patterns. Because of that, this is not an exhaustive list. Some departments, particularly small ones, have very few ranks, while large ones have ranks as extensive as United States military rank structures.
Federal
The U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) contain multiple law enforcement agencies and are the largest federal departments responsible for law enforcement; however, other governmental departments and agencies have law enforcement bodies. Each federal law enforcement agency has a unique rank structure. Many federal law enforcement agencies rank structures resemble military rank structure but have different cogitations regarding responsibilities and duties. In general, all law enforcement groups in United States follow a similar pattern: director/chief, assistant/deputy director/chief, special agent in charge, assistant special agent in charge, supervisory special agent, special agent.
State law enforcement agencies often have a pronounced paramilitary rank structure with rank titles such as: colonel, lieutenant colonel, major, captain, lieutenant, staff sergeant, sergeant, corporal, trooper.
County sheriffs are usually elected, chiefs of county police departments are appointed. In a sheriff's department common ranks are undersheriff, assistant sheriff (large departments), senior deputy sheriff, and deputy sheriff, while in a county police department paramilitary titles may be used, which also are to be found in large sheriff's departments.
Municipal or city police departments can use paramilitary ranks or more distinct police ranks, or a combination of both. Commissioners or chiefs are normally heading the departments, aided by commanders and inspectors or colonels or majors. Captain, lieutenant and sergeant are standard ranks. Below them are corporals, detectives, police officers.
^The rank has been unused since 1994. A civilian Chief Medical Officer has fulfilled the role since 2000.[73]
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^ a b"Про однострій поліцейських". zakon.rada.gov.ua (in Ukrainian). Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 27 December 2019. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
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^ Decálogo del Policía (en español). Caracas: Consejo General de Policía. 2014. pág. 17 . Consultado el 13 de julio de 2020 .
^ ab "La estructura de rangos de la ZRP". zrp.gov.zw . Policía de la República de Zimbabue. Archivado desde el original el 1 de febrero de 2021 . Consultado el 27 de enero de 2021 .
Chief superintendent: national director of the PSP,
Chief superintendent: deputy national director or inspector general of the PSP
Chief superintendent: commanding officer of a metropolitan or regional command
Superintendent: commanding officer of a district command or second-in-command of a metropolitan or regional command
Intendent: division commander in a metropolitan or regional command or second-in-command of a district command
Sub-intendent: division commander in a district command or second-in-command of a division commanded by an intendent
Commissioner: second-in-command of a division commanded by a sub-intendent
Sub-commissioner: commanding officer of a police squad (police station)
Principal chief: auxiliary of a unit commanding officer
Chief: supervisor of staff and leader of police teams
Principal agent: a senior principal agent who may perform the same functions as a chief, others perform the same functions as an agent
Agent: functions of police constable
Officer candidate: student of the fifth year of the training course for police officers (CFOP)
Cadet: student of the fourth year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the third year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the second year of the CFOP
Cadet: student of the first year of the CFOP
