These fish are characterized by the presence of teeth on the parasphenoid.[4] The snakeheads and the anabantoids are united by the presence of the labyrinth organ, which is a highly folded suprabranchial accessory breathing organ. It is formed by vascularized expansion of the epibranchial bone of the first gill arch and used for respiration in air.[6][4]
Many species are popular as aquarium fish - the most notable are the Siamese fighting fish and several species of gouramies.[6] In addition to being aquarium fish, some of the larger anabantiforms (such as the giant gourami[8]) are also harvested for food in their native countries.[6][9]
Taxonomy
There are two suborders and five families currently recognized within the order Anabantiformes:[4][10][11][5][1][12]
Below shows the phylogenetic relationships among the Anabantiform families after Collins et al. (2015), here including the Nandoidei as Anabantiforms:[5]
References
^ a bR. Betancur-Rodriguez, E. Wiley, N. Bailly, A. Acero, M. Miya, G. Lecointre, G. Ortí: Phylogenetic Classification of Bony Fishes – Version 4 Archived 2017-07-11 at the Wayback Machine (2016)
^ a b c d eJ. S. Nelson; T. C. Grande; M. V. H. Wilson (2016). Fishes of the World (5th ed.). Wiley. p. 390. ISBN 978-1-118-34233-6. Archived from the original on 2019-04-08. Retrieved 2019-12-08.
^ a b cCollins, R.A.; Britz, R.; Rüber, L. (2015). "Phylogenetic systematics of leaffishes (Teleostei: Polycentridae, Nandidae)" (PDF). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 53 (4): 259–272. doi:10.1111/jzs.12103. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2022-01-21. Retrieved 2017-12-27.
^ a b cPinter, H. (1986). Labyrinth Fish. Barron's Educational Series, Inc., ISBN 0-8120-5635-3
^Murray, A. M.; Zaim, Y.; Rizal, Y.; Aswan, Y.; Gunnell, G. F.; Ciochon, R. L. (2015). "A Fossil Gourami (teleostei, Anabantoidei) from Probable Eocene Deposits of the Ombilin Basin, Sumatra, Indonesia". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 35 (2): 1–11. ISSN 0272-4634.
^Chanphong, Jitkasem. (1995). Diseases of Giant Gourami, Osphronemus goramy (Lacepede) Archived January 6, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. The Aquatic Animal Health Research Institute Newsletter 4(1).
^Froese, R.; D. Pauly (eds.). "Trichogaster trichopterus". FishBase. Retrieved 2006-12-23.
^Richard van der Laan; William N. Eschmeyer & Ronald Fricke (2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (2): 001–230.
^Karel F. Liem (1963). The comparative osteology and phylogeny of the Anabantoidei (Teleostei, Pisces). Illinois biological monographs. Vol. 30. Urbana,University of Illinois Press,1963.
^ a bRaghavan, Rajeev; Dahanukar, Neelesh; Anoop, V. K.; Britz, Ralf (2019-05-09). "The subterranean Aenigmachanna gollum , a new genus and species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Kerala, South India". Zootaxa. 4603 (2): 377–388. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4603.2.10. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 31717234.