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2021 Nobel Peace Prize

The 2021 Nobel Peace Prize was announced by the Norwegian Nobel Committee in Oslo on 8 October 2021. Maria Ressa (b. 1963) and Dmitry Muratov (b. 1961) received the prize "for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."[1]

The formal award ceremony was held in Oslo on 10 December 2021, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death. In 2020, the ceremony returned to its former venue, the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, after being held in Oslo City Hall during the period 1990–2019.[2] In 2021, the ceremony returned to Oslo City Hall.[3]

There were 329 candidates for the prize when nominations closed on 31 January 2021.[4] The Norwegian News Agency reported earlier in 2021 that Maria Ressa had been nominated by Jonas Gahr Støre, the designated Prime Minister following the 2021 election,[5] and many sources in Russia claim that Dmitry Muratov was nominated by Mikhail Gorbachev.[citation needed]

Nomination process

Different groups of qualified nominators may nominate candidates, including members of national assemblies and national governments, heads of state, judges of certain international courts, (full) professor-level academics in relevant fields, and former laureates; a significant proportion of the nominations are submitted by Norwegian MPs and academics. Nominations are submitted to the Oslo-based Norwegian Nobel Committee, usually in a Scandinavian language (Norwegian, Swedish, Danish) or English. Nominations for the 2021 prize opened on 1 September 2020 and closed on 31 January 2021 (Norwegian time).[4]

Candidates

There are 329 candidates in 2021, 234 individuals and 95 organizations.[6] The Nobel Foundation is not allowed to publish nominations for at least 50 years.[7] Individual nominators can, and sometimes do, choose to publish their nomination, and Norwegian media often report nominations by qualified nominators such as members of parliament and qualified academics.

The Norwegian News Agency reported on 31 January 2021 that the 2021 nominees confirmed by qualified Norwegian nominators (MPs or academics) before the deadline included the following candidates:

Notes

  1. ^ With John Kirk (?) of Canada, Antonio Paris (?) of the Philippines, the Government of South Africa, Government of Namibia, the Government of St Vincent and the Grenadines, 51 parliamentarians, and others

Laureates

On 8 October 2021, the Norwegian Nobel Committee announced its decision to award the prize to journalists Maria Ressa and Dmitry Muratov "for their efforts to safeguard freedom of expression, which is a precondition for democracy and lasting peace."[1] As a result, the Nobel Prize Committee was criticized for rewarding Muratov and not jailed Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, as an attempt by the Committee "to keep the maximum distance from the current political process" in Russia.[27] Muratov has said that he would have given the prize to Alexei Navalny if it were his choice.[28]

During his acceptance speech, at a time when Russia began a major military build-up near the Russia–Ukraine border, Muratov warned that "In [the] heads of some crazy geopoliticians, a war between Russia and Ukraine is not something impossible any longer."[29] In April 2022, the U.S. government assessed that Russian intelligence was behind an attack on Dmitry Muratov for criticizing the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[30]

On 22 March 2022, Muratov decided to sell his Nobel Peace Prize medal to an auction, donating the proceeds to UNICEF for the benefit of refugees from Ukraine.[31] The medal sold for $103.5 million, the highest price ever recorded for a Nobel medal.[32]

Prize committee

The members of the Norwegian Nobel Committee are elected by the Norwegian Parliament and are responsible for selecting the laureate in accordance with the will of Alfred Nobel; the committee's members in 2021 are:[33][34]

Prize ceremony

Oslo City Hall, the venue for the 2021 award ceremony

The award ceremony was held in Oslo on 10 December 2021, the anniversary of Alfred Nobel's death. In 2020 the ceremony returned to its former venue, the Atrium of the University of Oslo Faculty of Law, after being held in Oslo City Hall during the period 1990–2019.[2] In 2021 the ceremony was once again held in Oslo City Hall.[36]

References

  1. ^ a b "The Nobel Peace Prize 2021". NobelPrize.org. 8 October 2021. Archived from the original on 8 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Dropper utdeling av fredsprisen i Oslo rådhus". Klar Tale. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  3. ^ "Prisutdelingen - Nobel Peace Prize". www.nobelpeaceprize.org (in Norwegian). 9 September 2021. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q "Flere fredsprisforslag før fristen gikk ut". Aftenposten. Norwegian News Agency. 31 January 2021.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p "Hektisk nomineringsaktivitet før fredsprisfrist". Dagsavisen. 31 January 2021.
  6. ^ "Nomination". The Nobel Peace Prize. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  7. ^ "Confidentiality". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  8. ^ Terje Solsvik and Gwladys Fouche (1 February 2021). "U.S. voting rights activist Stacey Abrams nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". Reuters.
  9. ^ Chelsey Sanchez (2 February 2021). "Stacey Abrams Has Been Nominated for a Nobel Peace Prize". Harpers Bazaar.
  10. ^ "Nomination of Julian Assange, Chelsea Manning and Edward Snowden for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize". cpnn-world.org. 15 January 2022.
  11. ^ "Assange, Manning and Snowden nominated for Nobel Prize". Report News Agency. 5 January 2021.
  12. ^ "Jared Kushner nominated for Nobel peace prize". The Guardian. 1 February 2021.
  13. ^ "Jared Kushner, Avi Berkowitz nominated for Nobel Peace Prize for Abraham Accords". Times of Israel. 15 February 2021.
  14. ^ "Zineb El Rhazoui nominated for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize". tekdeeps.com. 31 January 2021. Archived from the original on 23 January 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  15. ^ "Aminatou Haidar nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". APS Online. 31 January 2021.
  16. ^ a b c d e Gwladys Fouche and Nora Buli (31 January 2021). "Navalny, WHO and Thunberg among nominees for Nobel Peace Prize". Reuters.
  17. ^ Lisa Zengarini (11 February 2021). "Father Opeka of "Akamasoa" nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". Vatican News.
  18. ^ "Prime Minister Janez Janša nominates Pedro Opeka for the Nobel Peace Prize". gov.si. 31 January 2021.
  19. ^ "Malcolm Cardinal Ranjith nominated for Nobel Peace Prize". Daily News. 14 February 2021.
  20. ^ Belam, Martin (9 September 2020). "Norwegian far-right MP nominates Donald Trump for Nobel peace prize". The Guardian.
  21. ^ "Tikhanovskaya, Kolesnikova and Tsepkalo nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize 2021". belaruswomen.org. 1 February 2021.
  22. ^ "Quaker orgs announce Nobel Prize nominations". afsc.org. 19 February 2022.
  23. ^ "The Henry Reeve Brigade nominated from Canada for the 2021 Nobel Peace Prize". misiones.cubainrex.cu. 17 November 2020.
  24. ^ "30,000 back US campaign seeking Nobel for Cuban doctors". aa.com.tr. 27 June 2020.
  25. ^ Agence France-Presse (4 February 2021). "Hong Kong pro-democracy movement nominated for Nobel peace prize by US lawmakers". The Guardian.
  26. ^ "U.S. lawmakers nominate Hong Kong democracy movement for Nobel Prize". Reuters. 4 February 2021.
  27. ^ Hopkins, Valerie (8 October 2021). "Nobel announcement draws mixed reactions from Russia, with frustration from Navalny supporters". The New York times.
  28. ^ Troianovski, Anton (8 October 2021). "Navalny Deserved Peace Prize, Russian Nobel Winner Says". The New York Times. Retrieved 8 October 2021.
  29. ^ "US believes Russia behind attack on Nobel laureate Dmitry Muratov". Al Jazeera. 29 April 2022.
  30. ^ "U.S. says Russian intelligence orchestrated attack on Nobel laureate". The Washington Post.
  31. ^ "Russian Nobel Peace Prize winner donates medal to fund for Ukrainian refugees". Reuters. 22 March 2022.
  32. ^ The Associated Press (20 June 2022). "Nobel sold for Ukrainian kids shatters record at $103.5M". POLITICO. Retrieved 21 June 2022.
  33. ^ "Valg av medlemmer til Nobelkomiteen". Stortinget. 18 January 2021. Retrieved 1 February 2021.
  34. ^ "The Norwegian Nobel Committee". The Nobel Peace Prize. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  35. ^ "Board and council". Norwegian Helsinki Committee. Retrieved 9 March 2021.
  36. ^ "Prisutdelingen - Nobel Peace Prize". www.nobelpeaceprize.org (in Norwegian). 9 September 2021. Archived from the original on 13 December 2021. Retrieved 13 December 2021.