List of constructed languages

The following list of notable constructed languages is divided into auxiliary, ritual, engineered, and artistic (including fictional) languages, and their respective subgenres. All entries on this list have further information on separate Wikipedia articles.

Auxiliary languages

International auxiliary languages

International auxiliary languages (IAL) are languages constructed to provide easy, fast, and/or improved communication among all human beings, or a significant portion, without necessarily replacing native languages.

Zonal auxiliary languages

Zonal auxiliary languages are languages created with the purpose of facilitating communication between speakers of a certain group of related languages. Unlike international auxiliary languages for global uses, they are intended to serve a limited linguistic or geographic area. Examples include Pan-Slavic languages, Pan-Romance languages and Pan-Germanic languages.

Controlled languages

Controlled natural languages are natural languages that have been altered to make them simpler, easier to use, or more acceptable in certain circumstances, such as for use by people who do not speak the original language well. The following projects are examples of controlled English:

Visual languages

Visual languages use symbols or movements in place of the spoken word. Constructed sign languages also fall in this category.

Ritual languages

These are languages in actual religious use by their communities or congregations.

Engineered languages

Engineered languages are devised to test a hypothesis or experiment with innovative linguistic features. They may fall into one or more of three categories: philosophical, experimental and logical.

Others

Artistic/fictional languages

Languages used in fiction

Comic books

Constructed by J. R. R. Tolkien

Tolkien's most prominent languages are:

Film

Games

Internet-based

Music

Television

Other literature

Alternative languages

Some experimental languages were developed to observe hypotheses of alternative linguistic interactions which could have led to very different modern languages. The following two examples were created for Ill Bethisad, an alternate history project.

Personal languages

Constructed languages in Wikipedia

There is a version of Wikipedia in each of the following nine constructed languages. Eight of these languages are IALs (international auxiliary languages), while Lojban is an engineered language. Until 2005, there were also versions of Wikipedia in the constructed languages Toki Pona and Klingon, but these have been deleted.^[10]

See also

• Alien language
• Constructed script
• Conlanger
• Constructed language
• Engineered language
• Hieroglyph
• International auxiliary language
• Language game
• List of languages
• Rohonc Codex
• Voynich Manuscript
• List of markup languages
• List of extinct languages

References

1. Robert Phillipson. English-Only Europe? 2003. p. 172: "several thousand children worldwide are growing up (in over 2000 families) with Esperanto as one of their mother tongues"
2. "2022 toki pona census". Toki Pona census. 27 August 2022.
3. Lang, Sonja (2014). Toki Pona: the Language of Good. Sonja Lang. ISBN 9780978292300.
4. Schwitter, Rolf. "Controlled natural languages for knowledge representation." Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Computational Linguistics: Posters. Association for Computational Linguistics, 2010.
5. Cinema, Telugu. "Welcome to new language 'Kilikili' from Baahubali". SaddaHaq. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
6. Helena Williams & Marie-Louise Gumuchian, "The Painted Bird" tells "timeless" story of survival in dark times. Yahoo! News, 3 September 2019.
7. game.salburg.com
8. Zorine Te (January 26, 2016). "Far Cry Primal Developers Talk About Uncovering History". GameSpot. Retrieved February 8, 2016.
9. "Nick Farmer knows dozens of languages, so he invented one for the Expanse". 22 December 2019.
10. Meta:List of Wikipedias

Further reading

• Adams, Michael, ed. (2011). From Elvish to Klingon: Exploring Invented Languages. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780192807090. OCLC 713186702.
• Okrent, Arika (2009). In the Land of Invented Languages: Esperanto Rock Stars, Klingon Poets, Loglan Lovers, and the Mad Dreamers Who Tried to Build a Perfect Language. New York: Spiegel & Grau. ISBN 9780385527880. OCLC 321034148.
  • Reprinted as: ——— (2010). In the Land of Invented Languages: Adventures in Linguistic Creativity, Madness, and Genius. New York: Spiegel & Grau. ISBN 9780812980899. OCLC 436030223.
• Peterson, David J. (2015). The Art of Language Invention: From Horse-Lords to Dark Elves, the Words Behind World-Building. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 9780143126461. OCLC 900623553.
• Rosenfelder, Mark (2010). The Language Construction Kit. Chicago: Yonagu Books. ISBN 9780984470006. OCLC 639971902.
• Rosenfelder, Mark (2012). Advanced Language Construction. Chicago: Yonagu Books. ISBN 9781478267539. OCLC 855786940. The sequel to The Language Construction Kit.

External links

• Language analysis from Linguist List