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British Naval Forces Germany

British Naval Forces Germany was a command (military formation) of the Royal Navy that was active from 1944 to 1961 under three titles.

It was administered originally by the British Naval Commander-in-Chief, Germany from 1944 to 1946. In 1946 the commander's title changed to Vice-Admiral Commanding, British Naval Forces, Germany from 1946 to 1947, before being renamed to Flag Officer, British Naval Forces Germany until 1961.[1]

History

In 1944, the Allied Naval Commander-in-Chief, Expeditionary Force, was also given the title of British Naval Commander-in-Chief, Germany. In addition, he became also Head of the Naval Division of the Control Commission for Germany, not always in attendance in Berlin, he was represented by a Deputy Head who attended the BERGOS (Chiefs of Staff) meetings.[2]

His headquarters were initially at Hamburg and then transferred later at Minden. His title was altered in 1946 to Vice Admiral Commanding, British Naval Forces, Germany.[3] In 1947 the post holders title was changed to Flag Officer Commanding, British Naval Forces, Germany. Apart from his additional role as Chief British Naval Representative in the Allied Control Commission (Germany), he was responsible for all naval matters in Western Germany, Denmark, Holland and Norway.[4]

As British Naval Commander-in-Chief, Germany, he was supported by a number of flag officers some of whose titles changed, due to an expanding of their particular command areas and duties. Rear-Admiral Harold Tom Baillie-Grohman began his appointment in 1944 as Flag Officer-in-Charge, Kiel but then became Flag Officer, Schleswig-Holstein. Baillie-Grohman's main task was eliminating remnants of the Kriegsmarine. Flag Officer, Wilhelmshaven became Flag Officer, Western Germany.[5]

In May 1951 the admiral's title was changed again to Flag Officer, Germany.[6] In 1955 the Secretary of State for Defence described the admiral's duties as "The Flag Officer, Germany, in his North Atlantic Treaty Organisation capacity as the Commander, Allied Naval Forces, Northern Area, Central Europe, is responsible to the Supreme Allied Commander, Europe, for naval planning matters in the British Zone and for the operational control of the Royal Naval forces in Germany. He is the naval member of the Commanders-in-Chief Committee (Germany) which is responsible to the Chiefs of Staff Committee in this country. The entry into force of the Paris Treaties will not affect the foregoing duties of the post until at least the future German navy is capable of performing the tasks required of naval forces in Germany."

In 1961 the post was disestablished.

The command had its headquarters in four successive locations:

Flag Officers

British Naval Commander-in-Chief, Germany

Post holders included:

Flag Officer, Holland

Flag Officer-in-Charge, Kiel

Flag Officer, Norway

Flag Officer, Schleswig-Holstein

Flag Officer, Western Germany

Flag Officer, Wilhelmshaven

Commodore-in-Charge, Hamburg

Vice-Admiral Commanding, British Naval Forces, Germany

Flag Officer Commanding, British Naval Forces, Germany

Flag Officer, Germany

Units and shore establishments

Shore establishments and units in Germany at various times from 1945 included:[34][35]

References

  1. ^ Archives, The National. "Admiralty: Office of the British Naval Commander in Chief, Germany: Papers". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. London, England: The National Archives. Retrieved 22 October 2018. ADM 228
  2. ^ Archives, The National. "Admiralty: Office of the British Naval Commander in Chief, Germany: Papers". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. London, England: The National Archives. Retrieved 22 October 2018. ADM 228
  3. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (July 1946). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 1869.
  4. ^ Archives, The National. "Admiralty: Office of the British Naval Commander in Chief, Germany: Papers". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. London, England: The National Archives. Retrieved 22 October 2018. ADM 228
  5. ^ Madsen, Chris (1998). The Royal Navy and German Naval Disarmament, 1942–1947. Cambridge, England: Psychology Press. p. 149. ISBN 9780714648231.
  6. ^ Navy List May 1951. p. 386
  7. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (July 1945). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 2348.
  8. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (July 1946). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 1868.
  9. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (October 1948). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 1038.
  10. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (April 1956). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 303.
  11. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (January 1958). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 303.
  12. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
  13. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  14. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  15. ^ Grehan, John; Mace, Martin (2014). "Prospects of Opening a North German Port: 30". Liberating Europe: D-Day to Victory in Europe 1944–1945. Barnsley, England: Pen and Sword. ISBN 9781473838277.
  16. ^ Grehan and Mace 2014.
  17. ^ Houterman, J.N. "Royal Navy (RN) Officers 1939–1945 - R". www.unithistories.com. Houterman and Koppes. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  18. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  19. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  20. ^ "HyperWar: London Gazette No. 38171". www.ibiblio.org. United States: University of South Carolina. 6 January 1948. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  21. ^ Grehan and Mace 2014.
  22. ^ Madsen, Chris (1998). The Royal Navy and German Naval Disarmament, 1942–1947. Cambridge, England: Psychology Press. p. 46. ISBN 9780714648231.
  23. ^ House of Commons. "Naval Commands and Flag Officers (Hansard, 10 April 1946)". api.parliament.uk. London, United Kingdom: Hansard. Retrieved 22 October 2018. Vol 421 cc1897-9
  24. ^ Mackie, Colin (October 2018). "Royal Navy Senior Appointments from 1865: Flag Officer, Germany" (PDF). gulabin.com. C. Mackie. p. 162. Retrieved 22 October 2018.
  25. ^ Mackie p. 162
  26. ^ Mackie p. 162
  27. ^ Mackie p. 162
  28. ^ Mackie p. 162
  29. ^ Admiralty, Great Britain (May 1951). "Flag Officers in Commission". Navy List. London, England: HM Stationery Office. p. 386.
  30. ^ Mackie p. 162
  31. ^ Mackie p. 162
  32. ^ Mackie p. 162
  33. ^ Mackie p. 162
  34. ^ Kindell, Don; Warlow, Lt Cdr Ben (October 1995). "Naval Party, Royal Navy, 1942–1991 by Ben Warlow". www.naval-history.net. Gordon Smith. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  35. ^ "BOAR Locations: Royal Navy Germany". www.baor-locations.org. The Baor Organisation. 5 October 2009. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  36. ^ Hess, Sigurd (2001). "The Clandestine Operations of Hans Helmut Klose and the British Baltic Fishery Protection Service (BBFPS) 1949–1956". Journal of Intelligence History. 1 (2). LIT Verlag Münster: 169. doi:10.1080/16161262.2001.10555054. ISBN 9783825806439. S2CID 162499902. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  37. ^ Archives, The National (6 June 1950). "Memorandum Number 192 of 1950. Royal Naval Rhine Flotilla: memorandum by the First Sea Lord". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. London, England: The National Archives. Retrieved 23 October 2018. DEFE 5/21/192
  38. ^ Archives, The National (1954). "Reports of Proceedings: Royal Navy Rhine Squadron: autumn cruise including visit to Basle". discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk. London, England: The National Archives. Retrieved 23 October 2018. ADM 1/25565

Further reading