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Cooper Canyon Formation

The Cooper Canyon Formation is a geological formation of Norian age in Texas. It is one of several formations encompassed by the Dockum Group.[1][2]

The type area of the formation is situated in Garza County, Texas, southeast of Lubbock. The Cooper Canyon Formation consist of reddish siltstone and mudstone with lenses of sandstone and conglomerate. Thickness of the formation in the type area is 161.5 meters. It increases to the south, and in some places exceeds 200 m. The formation contains diverse fossils, including vertebrate remains.[2]

Regional equivalents

The Bull Canyon Formation in eastern New Mexico is equivalent to the upper part of the Cooper Canyon Formation. Some researchers argue that the latter name should be abandoned.[2] The middle and lower parts of the Cooper Canyon are correlated to the Trujillo and Tecovas formations (respectively) further north in the Texas Panhandle. The lowermost part of the Cooper Canyon Formation may also be correlated to the Colorado City Formation further south at Otis Chalk (Howard County).[3][4][5]

Vertebrate fauna

Temnospondyls

Archosaurs

Phytosaurs

Pseudosuchians

Indeterminate paracrocodylomorph and stagonolepidid material is known from the Boren Quarry (MOTT 3869).[11]

Ornithodirans

Numerous bones from ornithodirans have been discovered throughout the Cooper Canyon Formation but cannot be assigned to specific genera or clades. However, they are at least variably identifiable as lagerpetids, dinosauromorphs, dinosaurs, saurischians and theropods.[17]

Archosauromorphs

Fragmentary fossils are identifiable as archosauromorphs, namely members of the Allokotosauria+Prolacerta+Archosauriformes clade.[17]

Other amniotes

Numerous fragmentary limb bones of various reptiles have been collected that cannot be reliably diagnosed to specific clades, though some show similarities to drepanosauromorphs. Indeterminate procolophonid material is known from the Boren Quarry (MOTT 3869).[11]

See also

References

  1. ^ Weishampel, David B; et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution (Late Triassic, North America)." In: Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; and Osmólska, Halszka (eds.): The Dinosauria, 2nd, Berkeley: University of California Press. Pp. 518–521. ISBN 0-520-24209-2.
  2. ^ a b c Lehman T.; Chatterjee S.; Schnable J. (1992). "The Cooper Canyon Formation (Late Triassic) of western Texas". The Texas Journal of Science. 44 (3): 349–355.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab Martz, J. W. (2008). Lithostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy, and vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Dockum Group (Upper Triassic), of southern Garza County, West Texas (Unpublished PhD thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved 16 November 2021.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd Martz, J. W.; Mueller, B.; Nesbitt, S. J.; Stocker, M. R.; Parker, W. G.; Atanassov, M.; Fraser, N.; Weinbaum, J.; Lehane, J. (2013). "A taxonomic and biostratigraphic re-evaluation of the Post Quarry vertebrate assemblage from the Cooper Canyon Formation (Dockum Group, Upper Triassic) of southern Garza County, western Texas". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 103 (3–4): 339–364. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000376. S2CID 129744424.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i Sarıgül, V. (2016). "New basal dinosauromorph records from the Dockum Group of Texas, USA". Palaeontologia Electronica. 19 (2): 19.2.21A. doi:10.26879/564.
  6. ^ a b c Gee, Bryan M.; Kufner, Aaron M. (2022). "Revision of the Late Triassic metoposaurid "Metoposaurus" bakeri (Amphibia: Temnospondyli) from Texas, USA and a phylogenetic analysis of the Metoposauridae". PeerJ. 10: e14065. doi:10.7717/peerj.14065. S2CID 252894139.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Hungerbühler, Axel; Mueller, Bill; Chatterjee, Sankar; Cunningham, Douglas P. (September 2012). "Cranial anatomy of the Late Triassic phytosaur Machaeroprosopus , with the description of a new species from West Texas". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 103 (3–4): 269–312. doi:10.1017/S1755691013000364. S2CID 129442164.
  8. ^ a b c Spielmann, J. A.; Lucas, S. G. (2012). "Tetrapod Fauna of the Upper Triassic Redonda Formation East-central New Mexico: The Characteristic Assemblage of the Apachean Land-vertebrate Faunachron". Bulletin of the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science. 55.
  9. ^ a b Sarıgül, Volkan (2017-02-01). "New theropod fossils from the Upper Triassic Dockum Group of Texas, USA, and a brief overview of the Dockum theropod diversity" (PDF). PaleoBios. 34. doi:10.5070/p9341033817. ISSN 2373-8189.
  10. ^ a b c McQuilkin, K. S. (1998). An Articulated Phytosaur Skeleton: Preparation Techniques From Field to Exhibit (PDF) (Unpublished MSc thesis). Texas Tech University.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Mueller, B. D.; Huttenlocker, A. K.; Small, B. J.; Pinto, J. L.; Dean-Wallace, K.; Chatterjee, S. (2023). "A new kannemeyeriiform dicynodont (Synapsida) from a Late Triassic vertebrate assemblage in west Texas, U.S.A." Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. e2255236. doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2255236.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g Parker, William (2016). "Revised phylogenetic analysis of the Aetosauria (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia); assessing the effects of incongruent morphological character sets". PeerJ. 4: e1583. doi:10.7717/peerj.1583. PMC 4727975. PMID 26819845.
  13. ^ a b c Parker, W. G. (2005). "A new species of the Late Triassic aetosaur Desmatosuchus (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia)". Comptes Rendus Palevol. 4 (4): 327–340. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2005.03.002.
  14. ^ a b c d Reyes, W. A.; Martz, J. W.; Small, B. J. (2024). "Garzapelta muelleri gen. et sp. nov., a new aetosaur (Archosauria: Pseudosuchia) from the Late Triassic (middle Norian) middle Cooper Canyon Formation, Dockum Group, Texas, USA, and its implications on our understanding of the morphological disparity of the aetosaurian dorsal carapace". The Anatomical Record. 307 (4): 1271–1299. doi:10.1002/ar.25379.
  15. ^ a b Mueller, B. D. (2016). Triassic Tetrapod Paleontology and Taphonomy of the Boren Quarry, Dockum Group, Garza County, Texas (Unpublished PhD thesis). Texas Tech University. Retrieved 5 November 2023.
  16. ^ Emily J. Lessner; Michelle R. Stocker; Nathan D. Smith; Alan H. Turner; Randall B. Irmis; Sterling J. Nesbitt (2016). "A new rauisuchid (Archosauria, Pseudosuchia) from the Upper Triassic (Norian) of New Mexico increases the diversity and temporal range of the clade". PeerJ. 4: e2336. doi:10.7717/peerj.2336. PMC 5018681. PMID 27651983.
  17. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Lessner, E. J.; Parker, W. G.; Marsh, A. D.; Nesbitt, S. J.; Irmis, R. B.; Mueller, B. D. (2018). "New insights into Late Triassic dinosauromorph-bearing assemblages from Texas using apomorphy-based identifications". PaleoBios. 35. doi:10.5070/P9351039960.
  18. ^ a b c d e f g h Lehman, Thomas; Chatterjee, Sankar (2005). "Depositional setting and vertebrate biostratigraphy of the Triassic Dockum Group of Texas". Journal of Earth System Science. 114 (3): 325–351. Bibcode:2005JESS..114..325L. doi:10.1007/BF02702953. S2CID 128760266.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g Sarıgül, V.; Agnolín, F.; Chatterjee, S. (2018). "Description of a multitaxic bone assemblage from the Upper Triassic Post Quarry of Texas (Dockum group), including a new small basal dinosauriform taxon" (PDF). Historia Natural. 8 (1). ISSN 1853-6581.
  20. ^ a b c Nesbitt, S. J.; Stocker, M. R.; Ezcurra, M. D.; Fraser, M. C.; Heckert, A. B.; Parker, W. G.; Mueller, B.; Sengupta, S.; Bandyopadhyay, S.; Pritchard, A. C.; Marsh, A. D. (2021). "Widespread azendohsaurids (Archosauromorpha, Allokotosauria) from the Late Triassic of western USA and India". Papers in Palaeontology. 8. doi:10.1002/spp2.1413. S2CID 245049571.
  21. ^ a b Sarigül, V. (2017). "New archosauromorph fragments from the Dockum Group of Texas and the assessment of earliest dinosaurs in North America". Historical Biology. 30 (8): 1059–1075. doi:10.1080/08912963.2017.1333609.
  22. ^ Marsh, Adam D.; Parker, William G.; Nesbitt, Sterling J.; Kligman, Ben T.; Stocker, Michelle R. (2022). "Puercosuchus traverorum n. gen. n. sp.: a new malerisaurine azendohsaurid (Archosauromorpha: Allokotosauria) from two monodominant bonebeds in the Chinle Formation (Upper Triassic, Norian) of Arizona". Journal of Paleontology. 96 (S90): 1–39. doi:10.1017/jpa.2022.49. ISSN 0022-3360.
  23. ^ a b c d e f g h i Kligman, B. T.; Marsh, A. D.; Nesbitt, S. J.; Parker, W. G.; Stocker, M. R. (2020). "New trilophosaurid species demonstrates a decline in allokotosaur diversity across the Adamanian-Revueltian boundary in the Late Triassic of western North America". Palaeodiversity. 13 (1): 25–37. doi:10.18476/pale.v13.a3.
  24. ^ Müller, B. D.; Parker, W. G. (2006). "A new species of Trilophosaurus (Diapsida: Archosauromorpha) from the Sonsela Member (Chinle Formation) of Petrified Forest National Park, Arizona" (PDF). Museum of Northern Arizona, Bulletin. 62: 119–125.
  25. ^ a b c Small, Bryan J. (15 December 1997). "A new procolophonid from the Upper Triassic of Texas, with a description of tooth replacement and implantation". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 17 (4): 674–678. doi:10.1080/02724634.1997.10011016.
  26. ^ Witmer, L. (2002). "The debate on avian ancestry: phylogeny, function, and fossils". In Chiappe, L. M.; Witmer, L. M. (eds.). Mesozoic birds: Above the heads of dinosaurs. Berkeley, Calif., USA: University of California Press. pp. 3–30. ISBN 0-520-20094-2.

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