stringtranslate.com

Public holidays in the Philippines

Public holidays in the Philippines are of two types: regular holidays and special non-working days.

History

On July 25, 1987, President Corazon Aquino promulgated the Administrative Code of the Philippines.[1] Chapter 7 of this code specified a list of ten nationwide regular holidays and two nationwide special days and provided that the President may proclaim any local special day for a particular date, group or place. Seven of the regular holidays were specified with fixed dates, two with movable dates, and one was specified to fall on the last Sunday in August. The code did not specify how the movable dates were to be determined[2]

In 2001, President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo decided to include holiday manipulation, also known as Holiday Economics as part of the then-new government's list of principal economic policies, moving the celebration dates for holidays occurring on midweek days to weekend days.[3] This was codified by Republic Act. No. 9492, approved on July 25, 2007, which replaced the list of holidays and special days.[4] This act had been specified by the Administrative Code with a new list of eleven national holidays and three nationwide special days. The act also provided that Eidul Adha shall be celebrated as a regional holiday in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. The act specified two of the holidays and one special day with fixed dates, five of the holidays and two special days as occurring on a Monday nearest to or preceding specified dates, and two of the holidays as having movable dates. The act mandated that the President shall issue a proclamation for specifying the specific date movable holidays at least six months prior to the holiday concerned. The act specified that holidays falling on a Wednesday will be observed on the Monday of that week, that holidays falling on a Sunday will be observed on the Monday that follows, and provided that regular holidays and special days may be modified by order or proclamation.[5]

Presidential Proclamations issued subsequent to the promulgation of Republic Act No. 9492 established celebration dates for national holidays and special days, and established new holidays and special days, some nationwide and some local to specified localities.[6]

Holiday types

A graphic from the Office of the President of the Philippines showing the difference in pay between the two types of holidays.[7]

The Labor Code of the Philippines specifies two types of holidays: the "regular holiday" and the "special non-working day".[8] There is a difference in the pay that employers are required to pay between the two type of holidays. There is also a difference in what is closed and in how the days are declared.

On top of these pay rules, an employee shall be given an additional 30% if the holiday falls on their rest day, and an additional 30% if they work overtime.

On a regular holiday, if the employee did not work, they are entitled 100% of their daily wage. However, a special non-working day usually follows a 'No Work, No Pay' principle. Therefore, the employee is not entitled to any compensation if they did not work that day. If the employee works on the special non-working day, they shall be entitled to an additional compensation of 30% of the regular daily wage.[9]

Former holidays

Independence Day was formerly celebrated on July 4—the date of the Philippine independence from the United States in 1946, a date chosen because it was also American Independence Day. On May 12, 1962, President Diosdado Macapagal issued Presidential Proclamation No. 28, which declared Tuesday, June 12 a special public holiday throughout the Philippines, "... in commemoration of our people's declaration of their inherent and inalienable right to freedom and independence."[10] On August 4, 1964, Republic Act No. 4166 renamed July 4 holiday as "Philippine Republic Day", proclaimed June 12 as "Philippine Independence Day", and enjoined all citizens of the Philippines to observe the latter with befitting rites.[11]

In 1955, President Ramón Magsaysay issued Presidential Proclamation No. 212, s. 1955, which established the observance of Philippine–American Day every November 15, which was the anniversary of the 1935 inauguration of the Commonwealth of the Philippines.[12][13] Sometime during the administration of President Ferdinand Marcos, Philippine–American Day was renamed "Philippine–American Friendship Day" and moved to July 4, overshadowing the observance of the date as Republic Day. After the Third Republic and the abolition of the 1935 Constitution under Martial Law, it was impolitic to remind the public of the old republic. This is why, when President Marcos issued Presidential Proclamation No. 2346 s. 1984, reference was made to Philippine–American Friendship Day, which was relegated to a working holiday without mention of Republic Day.[12]

During the administration of President Corazon C. Aquino, the practice of celebrating July 4 as both Philippine–American Friendship Day and Republic Day as a non-working holiday was formally abolished. Section 26 of the Administrative Code of 1987 specified a list of regular holidays and nationwide special days that did not include July 4.[14]

Nationwide observance

Originally, there were only regular and special holidays. On February 26, 2021, former President Rodrigo Duterte announced the certain special holidays as special working holidays in 2021 under Proclamation No. 1107. This new measure is intended to boost productivity and economic recovery in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic.[15]

On October 13, 2023, President Bongbong Marcos announced that February 25 will no longer be a holiday in 2024 under Proclamation No. 368.[16] The Malacañang stated that the event has "minimum socioeconomic impact" as it falls on a Sunday.[17]

Non-working holidays

Working holidays

Local observance

Philippine cities, municipalities, or barangays, often observe one or more holidays. Being a predominantly Catholic country, these are usually the feasts of the locale's one or more patron saints.

Secular observances usually mark a government's founding day or the birth or death of a prominent native. These are often celebrated with parades, processions, entertainment, and feasting, as well as whatever local customs are traditional.

Local holidays for the most part are applicable only to the immediate area concerned, and barangay fiestas do not usually warrant a public holiday for the area unless otherwise ordered. Such holidays are usually declared as special non-working day[39] and is proclaimed by the President.[40]

References

  1. ^ "Administrative Code of the Philippines (Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987)". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines.
  2. ^ "Executive Order No. 292 [BOOK I/Chapter 7-Regular Holidays and Nationwide Special Days]". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines.
  3. ^ "The Economics of Working Holidays". China Business.
  4. ^ "Holiday economics now a law". Philippine Daily Inquirer. July 25, 2007. Archived from the original on October 2, 2010. Retrieved March 13, 2018.
  5. ^ "AN ACT RATIONALIZING THE CELEBRATION OF NATIONAL HOLIDAYS AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE SECTION 26, CHAPTER 7, BOOK 1 OF EXECUTIVE ORDER NO. 292, AS AMENDED, OTHERWISE KNOWN AS THE ADMINISTRATIVE CODE OF 1987". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines.
  6. ^ "Proclamations". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines.
  7. ^ "What's the difference between a Regular Holiday and a Special Non-Working Day?". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Presidential Communications Development and Strategic Planning Office. Retrieved May 29, 2014.
  8. ^ "Holidays".
  9. ^ "Special Non Working Holiday Pay". Archived from the original on January 16, 2017.
  10. ^ Diosdado Macapagal, Proclamation No. 28 Declaring June 12 as Philippine Independence Day, Philippine History Group of Los Angeles, archived from the original on May 12, 2009, retrieved November 11, 2009
  11. ^ AN ACT CHANGING THE DATE OF PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE DAY FROM JULY FOUR TO JUNE TWELVE, AND DECLARING JULY FOUR AS PHILIPPINE REPUBLIC DAY, FURTHER AMENDING FOR THE PURPOSE SECTION TWENTY-NINE OF THE REVISED ADMINISTRATIVE CODE, Chanrobles Law Library, August 4, 1964, retrieved November 11, 2009
  12. ^ a b "Philippine Republic Day", Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines, archived from the original on July 29, 2021, retrieved July 5, 2012
  13. ^ "PROCLAMATION NO. 212". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines. November 4, 1955.
  14. ^ "Administrative Code of 1987". Chan Robles Law Library. July 25, 1987.
  15. ^ "Proclamation No. 1107 – Amending Proclamation No. 986, S. 2020, declaring the regular holidays and special (non-working) days for the year 2021". Presidential Communications Group. February 26, 2021. Retrieved March 3, 2021.
  16. ^ "Proclamation No. 368 – Declaring the Regular Holidays and Special (non-working) days for the year 2024". Official Gazette. October 13, 2023. Retrieved October 13, 2023.
  17. ^ "Palace explains why Feb. 25 not in 2024 holidays list". ABS-CBN News. October 13, 2023. Retrieved October 15, 2023.
  18. ^ a b c "Executive Order No. 292 [BOOK I/Chapter 7-Regular Holidays and Nationwide Special Days]". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines. July 25, 1987.
  19. ^ a b c d e "Act No. 345 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on February 25, 2018. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  20. ^ "Republic Act No. 3022 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  21. ^ "Act No. 2711 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Archived from the original on October 25, 2017. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  22. ^ "Proclamation No. 1356, s. 2022". www.officialgazette.gov.ph. Retrieved May 3, 2022.
  23. ^ "Republic Act No. 9177 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  24. ^ "Republic Act No. 4166 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  25. ^ "Philippines Public Holidays 2013 & 2014". Public Holidays Philippines. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  26. ^ Louis Bacani (October 5, 2013). "PNoy declares October 5 a holiday for Eidul Adha". The Philippine Star. Retrieved November 29, 2013.
  27. ^ "Duterte declares July 31, 2020 a holiday for Eid'l Adha". GMA News Online. Retrieved September 7, 2021.
  28. ^ "Republic Act No. 9849 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  29. ^ "Republic Act No. 9256 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  30. ^ "Act No. 3827 | GOVPH". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Retrieved April 14, 2021.
  31. ^ "Bonifacio Day | Philippines | Office Holidays". www.officeholidays.com. Retrieved September 29, 2015.
  32. ^ "San Carlos College » Bonifacio Day". sancarloscollege.edu.ph. Retrieved September 29, 2015.
  33. ^ "Republic Act No. 10966". www.officialgazette.gov.ph. Archived from the original on November 18, 2020. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
  34. ^ "December 30, 2012: Celebrating Rizal and the National Language". The Official Gazette. Government of the Philippines. December 21, 2012. Archived from the original on April 11, 2019. Retrieved January 3, 2015.
  35. ^ "Proclamation No. 154, s.2011". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. Government of the Philippines. June 2011.
  36. ^ "Republic Act No. 11144". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. November 2018.
  37. ^ July 27 is "Iglesia ni Cristo Day" — Malacañang[permanent dead link], balita-dot-ph, July 7, 2009
  38. ^ "Republic Act No. 11370". www.officialgazette.gov.ph. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
  39. ^ "List of Philippines Special Non-Working Day". www.lilkuya.com/philippines-holidays/. Archived from the original on January 4, 2017.
  40. ^ "Philippines Proclamation". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines.
  41. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING FEBRUARY 3 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF BIÑAN, PROVINCE OF LAGUNA, TO BE KNOWN AS "BIÑAN LIBERATION DAY"". August 28, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2023.
  42. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING FEBRUARY 11 OF EACH YEAR GOVERNOR EVELIO B. JAVIER DAY, A SPECIAL NON-WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN THE PROVINCES OF ANTIQUE, CAPIZ, AKLAN AND ILOILO". June 3, 1992. Retrieved June 16, 2008.
  43. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING FEBRUARY 14 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF VALENZUELA TO BE KNOWN AS "ARAW NG LUNGSOD NG VALENZUELA"". April 10, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  44. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING THE FIRST DAY OF MARCH OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF MUNTINLUPA TO BE KNOWN AS THE MUNTINLUPA CITY CHARTER DAY". February 21, 2003. Archived from the original on March 4, 2008. Retrieved August 16, 2008.
  45. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING THE FIRST DAY OF MARCH OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE PROVINCE OF LA UNION TO BE KNOWN AS LA UNION DAY". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. March 2, 2016. Retrieved August 16, 2008.
  46. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING MARCH 8 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE ENTIRE PROVINCE OF COMPOSTELA VALLEY TO COMMEMORATE ITS FOUNDING ANNIVERSARY". April 10, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  47. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING MARCH 16 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL NON-WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF DAVAO, TO BE KNOWN AS "ARAW NG DABAW"". February 23, 1994. Retrieved April 2, 2009.
  48. ^ Subong, Elsa S. (March 18, 2013). "Veterans seek to educate youth on country's history". Philippine Information Agency. Archived from the original on April 16, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  49. ^ AN ACT DECLARING MARCH 22 OF EVERY YEAR AS MALAYBALAY CITY CHARTER DAY AND A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF MALAYBALAY IN ORDER TO COMMEMORATE THE ANNIVERSARY OF THE SAID CITY, August 21, 2000, retrieved June 17, 2012
  50. ^ "PRRD declares March 22, 2019 as 'Emilio Aguinaldo Day'". www.pna.gov.ph. Retrieved September 8, 2021.
  51. ^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 9198 – AN ACT DECLARING MARCH TWENTY-FIVE OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF CANDON, PROVINCE OF ILOCOS SUR, AS THE "CRY OF CANDON"". March 24, 2003.
  52. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JUNE FIFTEEN OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL NON-WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN CAGAYÁN DE ORO CITY TO BE KNOWN AS CAGAYÁN DE ORO CITY CHARTER DAY". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  53. ^ "Iligan City celebrates 62nd Charter Day on June 16". PIA. June 15, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  54. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JUNE EIGHTEEN OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL NON-WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN THE PROVINCE OF BENGUET". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  55. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JUNE NINETEEN OF EVERY YEAR AS 'ARAW NG SURIGAO DEL SUR' AND SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE ENTIRE PROVINCE". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  56. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JUNE NINETEEN OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF PUERTO PRINCESA AND THE PROVINCE OF PALAWAN AS PISTA Y ANG KAGUEBAN". January 19, 2001. Retrieved June 17, 2012.
  57. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JUNE THIRTY OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL NONWORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN TACLOBAN CITY, PROVINCE OF LEYTE, TO BE KNOWN AS "TACLOBAN DAY"". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  58. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING JULY 23 OF EACH YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF TANAUAN, PROVINCE OF BATANGAS TO BE KNOWN AS "APOLINARIO MABINI DAY"". April 10, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  59. ^ "Official Website of the Local Government of Batangas City".
  60. ^ Manager, RONALD ECHALAS DIAZ, Office. "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6941 – AN ACT DECLARING AUGUST NINE OF EVERY YEAR AS GOVERNOR ROQUE B. ABLAN, SR. DAY, A SPECIAL HOLIDAY IN THE PROVINCE OF ILOCOS NORTE".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  61. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING AUGUST NINETEEN OF EACH YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE PHILIPPINES AND A SPECIAL NON-WORKING PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN THE PROVINCES OF QUEZÓN AND AURORA AND QUEZÓN CITY, TO COMMEMORATE THE BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF FORMER PRESIDENT MANUEL L. QUEZON". August 4, 1989. Retrieved August 16, 2008.
  62. ^ "Republic Act No. 6701 (AN ACT DECLARING SEPTEMBER ONE OF EVERY YEAR, THE DEATH ANNIVERSARY OF GREGORIO AGLIPAY Y LABAYAN, AS GREGORIO L. AGLIPAY DAY AND A SPECIAL NON-WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BATAC, PROVINCE OF ILOCOS NORTE)". Official Gazette of the Philippines. February 10, 1989. Retrieved February 12, 2023.
  63. ^ "AN ACT TO DECLARE THE SEVENTEENTH DAY OF SEPTEMBER OF EVERY YEAR AS A NON-WORKING SPECIAL PUBLIC HOLIDAY FOR THE PROVINCE OF SIQUIJOR TO BE KNOWN AS SIQUIJOR DAY". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  64. ^ AN ACT DECLARING SEPTEMBER 18 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF TACURONG, PROVINCE OF SULTAN KUDARAT, TO COMMEMORATE ITS CHARTER DAY ANNIVERSARY, April 10, 2007, retrieved May 1, 2008
  65. ^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7851". Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines. December 24, 1994.
  66. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING OCTOBER SIXTEEN OF EVERY YEAR AS A SPECIAL NONWORKING HOLIDAY IN THE CITY OF OROQUIETA TO BE KNOWN AS OROQUIETA CITY DAY". January 10, 1994. Retrieved May 9, 2008.
  67. ^ Republic Act No. 6709, February 10, 1989, Chan Robles Law Li brary.
  68. ^ "Proclamation No. 194, s. 2002". Official Gazette of the Philippines. Retrieved December 27, 2023.
  69. ^ Presidential proclamation No.81 s.2010, Office of the President.
  70. ^ "AN ACT DECLARING DECEMBER 13 OF EVERY YEAR A SPECIAL WORKING HOLIDAY IN GENERAL TRIAS IN THE PROVINCE OF CAVITE". April 10, 2007. Retrieved May 1, 2008.
  71. ^ "REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6155 – AN ACT DECLARING DECEMBER EIGHTEENTH OF EACH YEAR AN OFFICIAL PUBLIC HOLIDAY IN THE CITY AND PROVINCE OF ILOILO TO COMMEMORATE THE BIRTH ANNIVERSARY OF GRACIANO LOPEZ JAENA". Chan Robles. Retrieved March 18, 2013.