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Heze

Heze (Chinese: 菏泽; Chinese: 菏澤; pinyin: Hé Zé), formerly known as Caozhou, is the westernmost prefecture-level city in Shandong province, China, bordering Jining to the east and the provinces of Henan and Anhui to the west and south respectively.

History

Caozhou was at the center of the Nian Rebellion during the 1850s and 60s.

In August 1949, Heze was detached from Shandong and given to the experimental province of Pingyuan, but was later returned to Shandong just over three years later.

In April 1953, Heze and Jining gained counties from the former prefecture of Huxi after its abolition.

City flower

Mudan is the city flower of Heze. The earliest documentary of Mudan is in Classic of Poetry, written almost 3,000 years ago. Mudan is also called the "king of flowers" from the Bencao Gangmu. It is a symbol of honor, peace, wealth, love, aristocracy and feminine beauty. There are 9 types of Mudan based on the colors: red, white, purple, yellow, blue, green, black, pink, and multi-colored.[4]

Climate

Heze has a monsoon-influenced climate that lies between the humid subtropical and humid continental zones (Köppen Cwa/Dwa), with four well-defined seasons. The city is warm and nearly rainless in spring, hot and humid in summer, crisp in autumn and cold and dry in winter. The mean annual temperature is 14.22 °C (57.6 °F), with the monthly 24-hour average temperature ranging from −0.5 °C (31.1 °F) in January to 27.1 °C (80.8 °F) in July. Nearly 70% of the annual precipitation occurs from June to September. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 48% in July to 60% in May, the city receives 2,411 hours of bright sunshine annually.[5]

Administration

The prefecture-level city of Heze administers nine county-level divisions. The municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are in Mudan District (牡丹区), together with CPC and public security bureaux.

There are two districts and seven counties,2 additional development zones:[9]

These are further divided into 158 township-level divisions.

Demographics

According to the 2020 Chinese census, Heze was home to 8,287,693 people, of whom 1,346,717 live in the built-up area around the seat of government in Mudan District.[10]

Government

The current mayor is Li Chunying[11] and the chairman of the Municipal Council is Wang Weidong.[12]

Culture

Places of interest

Foods

Transportation

Famous people

Economy

Heze is the largest center in China for the cultivation of the "national flower" peony, after which the Mudan District was named. Over 30% of its GDP comes from the sale of peony.[20]

Sister cities

References

  1. ^ 最新人口信息 www.hongheiku.com (in Chinese). hongheiku. Retrieved 2021-01-12.
  2. ^ "China: Shāndōng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map". www.citypopulation.de. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
  3. ^ "Shandong Statistical Yearbook-2016". www.stats-sd.gov.cn.
  4. ^ "牡丹起源和发展历史变迁 _中国". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  5. ^ "菏泽气候背景分析" [Climatological background analysis for Heze]. Weather China (in Chinese). 2024-06-12.
  6. ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  7. ^ "Experience Template" 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
  8. ^ 中国地面国际交换站气候标准值月值数据集（1971－2000年）. China Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original on 2013-09-21. Retrieved 2010-05-25.
  9. ^ "菏泽区规划" [Heze District Planning]. National Bureau of Statistics (in Chinese). 2024-06-12.
  10. ^ "Announcement of the Seventh National Population Census in Heze City". Heze Municipal Bureau of Statistics. 2021-06-11.
  11. ^ "李春英当选菏泽市市长" [Li Chunying Elected Mayor of Heze City]. www.ce.cn (in Chinese). 2023-04-27. Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  12. ^ Zhang, Bing (2022-12-23). "中共山东省委组织部干部任前公示公告" [Pre-appointment Announcement of Cadres in the Organisation Department of CPC Shandong Provincial Committee]. 鲁网 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  13. ^ "曹州牡丹园 - 菏泽旅游景点大全". wg365.org. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  14. ^ "牌坊城里有瑰宝 清代石雕建筑百寿坊、百狮坊全国罕见 - 焦点新闻 - 菏泽频道 - 鲁网". heze.sdnews.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  15. ^ "郓城水浒好汉城". www.haohancheng.cn. Retrieved 2020-12-06.
  16. ^ Liu, Mimi (2023-12-11). "品古泽韵味 展故道新风" [Taste the old style and show the new style of the old road.]. 新华网 (in Chinese). Retrieved 2024-06-13.
  17. ^ "单县经典羊汤是非物质文化遗产".
  18. ^ "巨野罐子汤" [Ju Ye pot of soup]. www.sdta.cn (in Chinese). 2024-06-13.
  19. ^ Zhao, Jing; Wang, Linshen; Ye, Qing; Zhao, Qiang; Wei, Shutong (January 2022). "Association of Environmental Elements with Respondents' Behaviors in Open Spaces Using the Direct Gradient Analysis Method: A Case Study of Jining, China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (14): 8494. doi:10.3390/ijerph19148494. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 9316188. PMID 35886347.
  20. ^ "2022年牡丹区国民经济和社会统计公报" [Mudan District National Economic and Social Statistics Bulletin 2022]. People s Government of Mudan District of Heze City (in Chinese). 2023-06-28. Retrieved 2024-06-12.
  21. ^ "Sister Partnerships by US State – Asia Matters for America".

External links

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