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List of countries by life expectancy

Map of the life expectancy at birth in the world in 2023 (UN estimate)[1]

This list of countries by life expectancy provides a comprehensive list of countries alongside their respective life expectancy figures. The data is differentiated by sex, presenting life expectancies for males, females, and a combined average. In addition to sovereign nations, the list encompasses several non-sovereign entities and territories. The figures serve as an indicator of the quality of healthcare in the respective countries and are influenced by various factors, including the prevalence of diseases such as HIV/AIDS. This article introduces the concept of Healthy life expectancy (HALE), which denotes the average number of years a person is expected to live in "full health". There are challenges in comparing life expectancies across countries due to disparities in data reporting and collection standards. The primary source of the most recent data presented is the World Bank Group's 2022 report.

Methodology

The life expectancy is shown separately for males and for females, as well as a combined figure. Several non-sovereign entities and territories are also included in this list.

The figures reflect the quality of healthcare in the countries listed as well as other factors including HIV infections.

From the beginning of the current century there is a tendency to also estimate healthy life expectancy (HALE), the average number of years that a person can expect to live in "full health".[2][3]

Comparing life expectancies across countries can be problematic. For example, due to poor reporting in some countries and various local standards in collecting statistics. This is especially true for Healthy life expectancy, the definition of which criteria may change over time, even within a country. For example, Canada is a country with a fairly high overall life expectancy at 81.63 years; however, this number decreases to 75.5 years for Indigenous people in the country.[4] This discrepancy is echoed in most quality of life metrics across Canada.

United Nations (2023)

Estimation of the analytical agency of the UN.[1] Only countries with populations over 50,000 are listed. Due to this criterion, the table does not include such countries as Monaco (LE 86.37 years, population 39,000), San Marino (LE 85.71 years, population 34,000), and Saint Barthélemy (LE 84.29 years, population 11,000). The values are rounded, all calculations were done on raw data.

These values are used to calculate the Human Development Index.

UN: Estimate of life expectancy for various ages in 2023

UN: Change of life expectancy from 2019 to 2023

Change of life expectancy in 2019-2023, according to estimate of the UN,[1] a smooth palette


World Bank Group (2022)

Estimation of the World Bank Group for 2022.[5][6][7] Only countries with populations over 50,000 are listed. The values in the World Bank Group tables are rounded. All calculations were done on raw data, therefore, due to the nuances of rounding, in some places illusory inconsistencies of indicators arose, with a size of 0.01 year.

In 2014, some of the world's leading countries had a local peak in life expectancy, so this year is chosen for comparison with 2019 and 2022.

Life expectancy in world, according to estimation of the World Bank Group, 2019–2021

World Health Organization (2019)

According to data published by the World Health Organization in December 2020.[8][9] By default, data is sorted by life expectancy at birth for all population, and in case of equal values by HALE for all population.

CIA World Factbook (2022)

The US CIA published the following life expectancy data in its World Factbook.[10][11]


OECD (2022)

Estimation of OECD for 2022.[12] By default, the list is sorted by 2019.

Gallery

Comparison of average female and male life expectancy as defined by WHO for 2019. Open the original chart in a separate tab and hover over a bubble to highlight it. The squares of bubbles are proportional to country population according to estimation of the UN for 2019.
2019 life expectancy estimates by WHO
2020 life expectancy estimates by the CIA World Factbook
Life expectancy estimates by the Population Reference Bureau
Life expectancy in some big countries of the world
Life expectancy in some European countries
Life expectancy in some European countries
Life expectancy in some European countries (continue)
Life expectancy in the Nordic countries
Life expectancy in Ukraine, Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan
life expectancy in countries of the South Caucasus and neighboring countries
Life expectancy in some Asian countries
Life expectancy in some countries of South-East Asia and Oceania
Life expectancy at birth in some countries of the Near East
Life expectancy in some North American countries
Life expectancy in some South American countries
Life expectancy in some African countries
Life expectancy and HALE in various countries of the world in 2019, according to estimation of WHO
Elaboration by sex

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "World Population Prospects 2024" (XLSX). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 27 July 2024. — see file "Compact (most used: estimates and medium projections)"
  2. ^ "Healthy life expectancy (HALE) at 60 (years)". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  3. ^ "Health Status Statistics: Mortality". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012.
  4. ^ "Healthy Aging Report" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 January 2024. Retrieved 6 January 2024.
  5. ^ "Life expectancy at birth, total". The World Bank Group. 28 June 2024. Archived from the original on 3 June 2024. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  6. ^ "Life expectancy at birth, male". The World Bank Group. 28 June 2024. Archived from the original on 11 March 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  7. ^ "Life expectancy at birth, female". The World Bank Group. 28 June 2024. Archived from the original on 12 March 2021. Retrieved 29 June 2024.
  8. ^ "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by country". World Health Organization. 4 December 2022. Archived from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  9. ^ "Life expectancy and Healthy life expectancy, data by WHO region". World Health Organization. 7 December 2022. Archived from the original on 27 May 2016. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  10. ^ "The World Factbook". Central Intelligence Agency. Archived from the original on 11 June 2022. Retrieved 24 April 2022.
  11. ^ "Life expectancy at birth - The World Factbook". www.cia.gov. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
  12. ^ "OECD Data: Life expectancy at birth". OECD. 17 December 2023. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015. Retrieved 11 October 2015.

External links