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Lista de escuelas subvencionadas por Inglaterra y Gales (siglo XIX)

Esta es una lista de algunas de las escuelas subvencionadas en Inglaterra y Gales que existían a principios del siglo XIX . Se basa en la encuesta del anticuario Nicholas Carlisle sobre "Escuelas secundarias subvencionadas" publicada en 1818 [1] con descripciones de 475 escuelas [2] pero los comentarios también hacen referencia al trabajo de la Comisión de Escuelas Subvencionadas medio siglo después. La mayoría de las escuelas subvencionadas inglesas y galesas se describían en ese momento como escuelas secundarias , pero en el siglo XVIII había tres grupos: escuelas prestigiosas más antiguas que se hicieron conocidas como "escuelas públicas" ; escuelas en ciudades manufactureras que innovaron hasta cierto punto en el programa de estudios; y escuelas secundarias más tradicionales en ciudades de mercado y áreas rurales. [3]

Una escuela secundaria medieval era aquella en la que se enseñaba latín , y esta siguió siendo una asignatura importante en todas las escuelas, que generalmente seguían las tradiciones de Oxford y Cambridge , de donde procedían casi todos sus maestros de posgrado. Algunas de las escuelas enumeradas por Carlisle habían sido durante mucho tiempo escuelas públicas de pago , aunque en la mayoría de los casos (como en Eton y Winchester ) conservaban alguna disposición para la enseñanza de " eruditos " que pagaban tasas reducidas o ninguna.

Las donaciones para fines educativos tenían un propósito original, que a menudo el fundador o los fundadores querían que fuera jurídicamente vinculante, pero los objetivos de dichas donaciones no siempre eran respetados por quienes controlaban las escuelas. Carlisle compiló su lista mediante un cuestionario, que no siempre fue respondido. El informe de la Comisión se basó en su investigación, aunque no aceptó todas sus afirmaciones sobre la continuidad de ciertas escuelas a partir de fundaciones monásticas y de capillas , lo que afectaba a la datación de las escuelas. La lista cronológica del informe contiene numerosos detalles adicionales sobre las donaciones.

Hay poca coherencia en los nombres reales de las escuelas secundarias de este período. Muchas se llamaban "escuelas libres". Carlisle utilizó algunas grafías poco ortodoxas y mencionó Hampshire bajo su nombre histórico alternativo de Southamptonshire .

Condado de Bedfordshire

Berkshire

Para Eton College, véase Buckinghamshire.

Buckinghamshire

Cambridgeshire

Cheshire

Cornualles

Cumberland

Derbyshire

Devon

Dorset

Durham

Essex

Gloucestershire

Hampshire

Para Hampshire, véase Condado de Southampton.

Herefordshire

Hertfordshire

Condado de Huntingdonshire

Kent

Lancashire

Condado de Leicestershire

Lincolnshire

Londres

Middlesex

Condado de Monmouthshire

Norfolk

Condado de Northampton

Northumberland

Nottinghamshire

Oxfordshire

Rutland

Condado de Shropshire

Voltereta

Condado de Southampton

Carlisle se refirió a Hampshire como Southampton.

Staffordshire

Suffolk

Surrey

Sussex

Warwickshire

Westmorland

Wiltshire

Worcestershire

Yorkshire

North Wales

South Wales

Monmouthshire is listed separately.

See also

Notes

  1. ^ translation: "[we] have in mind that the college now founded will endure for centuries"
  2. ^ sometimes written as Danvers in modern times, but not in the text. Danvers was associated with Devonshire and Derbyshire.
  3. ^ bequeathed means he left the property in his will; "so bequeathed it" means he left the land to St Bees Grammar School
  4. ^ There were a number of Latin grammars published by various teachers through Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Some were more popular than others.
  5. ^ These were Long Burgh, Moorhouse and Burgh-by-Sands. A distinction was made between the deserving poor and the non-deserving, who received alms for begging.
  6. ^ old English pounds
  7. ^ the grammar school at Wolsingham, if it existed, was not recorded in Carlisle's Concise Description of 1818.
  8. ^ Otium literally means "hatred"[citation needed] Otium is Latin for leisure, idleness etc, but Play Days were interpreted as a sin and could be propitiated by work. Accordingly institutions encouraged variously hard work and fasting before Feast Days, Festivals and leave from school.
  9. ^ an apputenance to the Royal Demesne. The King was the Tenant-in-Chief meaning he had total feudal authority over his personal demesne.
  10. ^ Radley College maintains a tradition of black gowns to this day.
  11. ^ Most early grammar schools used either Eton grammars to study both Greek and Latin. Other school systems were used including Westminster grammar, published by Westminster School in the vicinity of parliament, in London. Ward's grammar and Valpy grammar were also used by less well-endowed local free or grammar schools.
  12. ^ gratis - full citation "summa non gratis" meant for amount not free. ie. fees to be paid.
  13. ^ originally in Latin Scholares, they became after the Reformation, known as Scholastici emphasizing the move away from monastic boys in cells, towards the dynamics of studying. The 40 are named in Wheeler (1987), p.21.
  14. ^ according to Leach pp.14-5, the puritans burnt the original records of the Trinity Guild in Elizabethan times. Modern interpretation puts the date a year later.
  15. ^ Chantry schools were founded in the Chapel in Edward III's day, but although dissolved, had nothing to do with the grammar schools had noting to do with the grammar schools. F.V.Follet, A History of the Worcester Royal Grammar School (1951), pp.14-5. For a summary A.R. Wheeler, Royal Grammar School, Worcester (1990), p.13
  16. ^ Pro is Latin, meaning "on behalf of"; "in his absence".
  17. ^ early 16th century Halgate's name was post-medieval etymology, but by Elizabethan period the surname had evolved into a modern form of Holgate
  18. ^ During the Counter-reformation an appeal could be made to parliament against a decision, by customary law this was achieved on petition. The reprieve refers to the fact that the vast majority of religious houses were dissolved and broken up during the 1530s and 1540s. A reprieve to allow an institution to continue was relatively unusual. The Act of Supremacy 1534 gave the King ultimate power over the Church in England and Wales. However Parliament could make an amendment to an act on certain specified institutions.
  19. ^ translation: In 1818, for real value of £160

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Bibliography

External links