stringtranslate.com

Elecciones generales de Nueva Zelanda 2023

Las elecciones generales de Nueva Zelanda de 2023 se celebraron el 14 de octubre de 2023 para determinar la composición del 54.º Parlamento de Nueva Zelanda . Los votantes eligieron a 122 miembros de la Cámara de Representantes unicameral de Nueva Zelanda bajo el sistema de votación proporcional de miembros mixtos (MMP), con 71 miembros elegidos de electorados uninominales y los miembros restantes elegidos de listas partidarias cerradas . [1] De los 72 electorados, solo se llenaron 71 escaños, y los diputados del electorado restante se determinaron en la elección parcial de Port Waikato de 2023 , debido a la muerte de uno de los candidatos a las elecciones generales. [b] Se agregaron dos escaños excedentes debido a que Te Pāti Māori ganó seis escaños del electorado cuando el voto del partido solo les daba derecho a cuatro escaños, con un escaño excedente adicional agregado después de la elección parcial, lo que hace un total de 123 miembros del parlamento. [2]

El Partido Laborista de centroizquierda en el poder , liderado por Chris Hipkins , fue derrotado en las urnas, y el Partido Nacional de centroderecha , liderado por Christopher Luxon , se convirtió en el partido más grande en el nuevo parlamento. [3] La elección vio la peor derrota de un gobierno en funciones en Nueva Zelanda desde la introducción del sistema de votación MMP en 1996 , con el Laborismo pasando de tener 65 escaños en la primera mayoría absoluta que cualquier partido había ganado bajo MMP a ganar solo 34 escaños. El Laborismo se enfrentó a una oscilación de 23 puntos porcentuales en su contra, al no poder movilizar a sus votantes anteriores en Auckland , especialmente entre los jóvenes inquilinos o aquellos que viven en los electorados más pobres. El Nacional, por el contrario, mejoró su porcentaje de votos del partido en 12 puntos, pero obtuvo el segundo porcentaje de votos más bajo de cualquier partido que ganó la mayor cantidad de escaños con MMP, el más bajo fue en 1996 . Además, la proporción de votos combinada de los partidos Laborista y Nacional fue la tercera más baja jamás registrada bajo el sistema MMP, y la más baja desde 2002. Los partidos Verde y ACT y Te Pāti Maori aumentaron su proporción de votos, mientras que Nueva Zelanda Primero obtuvo suficientes votos para regresar al parlamento después de ser expulsado en las elecciones de 2020.

La campaña electoral fue notablemente turbulenta, marcada por una mayor polarización política y acaloradas disputas sobre los derechos indígenas y la teoría de la cogobernanza . El Partido Nacional ganó en muchos distritos electorales de Auckland que alguna vez se consideraron escaños seguros para el Partido Laborista, como Mount Roskill y New Lynn , mientras que también estuvo cerca de ganar el antiguo distrito electoral de Mount Albert de Jacinda Ardern después de que el voto de izquierda se dividiera entre el Partido Laborista y los Verdes. [4] Los Verdes ganaron tres distritos electorales, ganando Rongotai y Wellington Central del Partido Laborista, mientras que ACT ganó dos distritos electorales, ganando Tāmaki del Partido Nacional. Te Pāti Māori obtuvo cinco escaños maoríes del Partido Laborista, lo que vio a Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke, de 21 años, convertirse en la diputada más joven elegida en 170 años y en el proceso desbancó a la ministra de Asuntos Exteriores en ejercicio, Nanaia Mahuta . [5]

El primer ministro Hipkins reconoció su derrota en la noche de las elecciones, [6] allanando el camino para un gobierno dirigido por el Partido Nacional bajo el mando de Christopher Luxon. Para formar un gobierno, el Partido Nacional necesitaba el apoyo del Partido ACT y New Zealand First. [7] El 24 de noviembre de 2023, Luxon anunció la formación de un gobierno de coalición con ACT y New Zealand First. [8] El 27 de noviembre de 2023, Luxon fue juramentado como primer ministro por la gobernadora general Dame Cindy Kiro , marcando así el final de seis años bajo el Sexto Gobierno Laborista y el comienzo del Sexto Gobierno Nacional . [9]

Fondo

Las elecciones generales anteriores celebradas el 17 de octubre de 2020 dieron como resultado una mayoría para el Partido Laborista , que obtuvo 65 escaños, lo que les permitió continuar con el Sexto Gobierno Laborista sin restricciones en el 53.º Parlamento. Su socio de coalición del 52.º Parlamento, New Zealand First , no recibió suficientes votos para superar el umbral del cinco por ciento o ganar en un electorado , lo que los eliminó del Parlamento. El socio de confianza y suministro , el Partido Verde , recibió 10 escaños, dos más, convirtiéndose en el primer partido minoritario en aumentar su porcentaje de votos después de un mandato en el gobierno. En la oposición, el Partido Nacional perdió 23 escaños, lo que le dio un total de 33, y ACT New Zealand pasó de un escaño a diez. Te Pāti Māori ganó un electorado maorí y obtuvo un escaño de lista adicional, regresando al Parlamento después de una ausencia de un mandato, después de haber perdido todos los escaños en las elecciones de 2017. [10]

En las elecciones parciales de Tauranga de 2022 , el Partido Nacional conservó el escaño marginal con un gran alejamiento del Partido Laborista. [11] En las elecciones parciales de Hamilton West de 2022 , el Partido Nacional le ganó el escaño al Partido Laborista. [12]

Desde las elecciones anteriores, el liderazgo de los partidos laborista y nacional cambió. Christopher Luxon reemplazó a Judith Collins como líder nacional el 30 de noviembre de 2021. [13] La primera ministra Jacinda Ardern anunció su renuncia el 19 de enero de 2023 y fue reemplazada ese mismo mes por el ministro de educación Chris Hipkins . [14]

Sistema electoral

Nueva Zelanda utiliza un sistema de votación proporcional mixto (MMP) para elegir a los 120 miembros de la Cámara de Representantes . [15] Cada votante obtiene dos votos: uno para un partido político (el voto del partido) y otro para un candidato local (el voto del electorado). Los partidos políticos que alcanzan el umbral (5% del voto del partido o un escaño del electorado) reciben escaños en la Cámara en proporción a la proporción del voto del partido que reciben.

72 de los 120 escaños son ocupados por diputados elegidos de entre los electorados , y el ganador de cada electorado se determina por el método de mayoría simple (es decir, gana el candidato con más votos). Los límites de los electorados para las elecciones fueron los mismos que para las elecciones de 2020, con 65 electorados generales (49 en la Isla Norte y 16 en la Isla Sur ) y 7 electorados maoríes. Los límites se volverán a trazar en 2024, después del censo de 2023. [16]

Los 48 escaños restantes son ocupados por candidatos de la lista cerrada de cada partido . [17] Si un partido gana más electorados que escaños a los que tiene derecho según la votación del partido, se produce un escaño excedente ; en ese caso, el partido que gana los escaños excedentes conserva esa cantidad de escaños adicionales además de los 120 escaños distribuidos proporcionalmente. [18]

La ley electoral de Nueva Zelanda también permite que se cree un escaño excedente si un candidato muere entre la apertura y el cierre de la votación. En 2023, esto ocurrió por primera vez desde la adopción del MMP (de hecho, desde 1957). [19] El candidato del ACT para Port Waikato , Neil Christensen, murió el 9 de octubre. Como resultado, se requirió que el voto del electorado se cancelara en el electorado, y se programó una elección parcial para noviembre, después de la elección general, para determinar el diputado por Port Waikato. Los votantes de Port Waikato continuaron emitiendo votos de partido en la elección general. La ley electoral requiere que 120 escaños, excluyendo el excedente, se ocupen proporcionalmente a través de la elección general. Por lo tanto, el sistema electoral preveía que se eligiera un diputado de la lista 49 a través de la elección general y un diputado 121 (excluyendo otros escaños excedentes) a través de la elección parcial de Port Waikato .

El partido político o bloque de partidos con la mayoría de los escaños en la Cámara forma el gobierno . Desde la introducción del MMP en 1996, ningún partido había obtenido suficientes votos para obtener una mayoría absoluta de escaños hasta la aplastante victoria laborista de 2020, que les dio 65 escaños. Cuando ningún partido ha obtenido una mayoría, los partidos han tenido que negociar con otros partidos para formar un gobierno de coalición o un gobierno minoritario . [20]

Con 123 escaños (debido al excedente de Port Waikato y los escaños excedentes otorgados a Te Pāti Māori), un partido, coalición o gobierno minoritario con confianza y apoyo de la oferta necesita 62 escaños para una mayoría. La última vez que hubo un excedente tan grande, tres escaños adicionales en el Parlamento, fue en 2008.

Fecha y calendario de las elecciones

A menos que se convoque una elección anticipada o se fije la fecha de la elección para evitar la celebración de una elección parcial, se celebran elecciones generales cada tres años. [21] La elección anterior se celebró el 17 de octubre de 2020.

La gobernadora general, Dame Cindy Kiro , firma el mandato para las elecciones generales en la Casa de Gobierno, Auckland , el 10 de septiembre de 2023, bajo la atenta mirada del director electoral , Karl Le Quesne.

El gobernador general debe emitir órdenes de elección dentro de los siete días siguientes a la expiración o disolución del parlamento actual. Según la sección 17 de la Ley Constitucional de 1986 , el parlamento expira tres años "a partir del día fijado para la devolución de las órdenes emitidas para la última elección general anterior de miembros de la Cámara de Representantes, y no más". Las órdenes para la elección de 2020 se devolvieron el 20 de noviembre de 2020; [22] Como resultado, el 53.º Parlamento debe disolverse a más tardar el 20 de noviembre de 2023. Los autos deben emitirse en un plazo de siete días, [23] por lo que el último día para la emisión de los autos es el 27 de noviembre de 2023. Los autos deben devolverse dentro de los 60 días siguientes a su emisión (salvo en caso de recuento judicial, muerte de un candidato o aplazamiento de emergencia), [24] que sería el 26 de enero de 2024. Debido a que el día de la votación debe ser un sábado, [24] y se requieren diez días para el recuento de votos especiales , [25] la última fecha posible para la próxima elección es el 13 de enero de 2024. [26]

Sin embargo, fue ampliamente aceptado por los comentaristas políticos, los medios de comunicación y la Comisión Electoral que las próximas elecciones se celebrarían a fines de 2023. [27] [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] El sitio web de noticias Stuff , como parte de sus predicciones políticas anuales, predijo que las elecciones serían en noviembre para no coincidir con la Copa Mundial Femenina de la FIFA 2023 , organizada conjuntamente por Nueva Zelanda , que finaliza en agosto, y la Copa Mundial de Rugby Masculina de 2023 , que finaliza en octubre. [33]

El 19 de enero de 2023, la primera ministra Jacinda Ardern anunció que la fecha de las elecciones sería el sábado 14 de octubre de 2023. [34] El calendario indicativo de las elecciones es el siguiente: [35]

El 30 de agosto de 2023, el primer ministro australiano, Anthony Albanese, anunció en Adelaida que el referéndum de la Voz Indígena Australiana de 2023 se celebraría el 14 de octubre de 2023. Esto significa que decenas de miles de australianos neozelandeses votarían en dos urnas el mismo día. [38] [39] Algunos han sugerido que el referéndum puede tener un impacto en las cuestiones maoríes en las elecciones de Nueva Zelanda. [38] [39] Australia tiene el mayor número de expatriados neozelandeses del mundo, con 530.491 personas nacidas en Nueva Zelanda viviendo en Australia según el censo australiano de 2021 , lo que representa el 2,1% de la población total de Australia. [40]

Partidos y candidatos

Los partidos políticos registrados ante la Comisión Electoral pueden presentarse como candidatos a las elecciones generales como partido. Para registrarse, los partidos deben tener al menos 500 miembros financieros, un auditor y un nombre de partido apropiado. [41] Un partido registrado puede presentar una lista de partidos para presentar candidatos a las elecciones generales y puede tener un límite de gastos de campaña además de límites a las campañas de candidatos individuales. Los partidos no registrados y los independientes solo pueden presentarse como candidatos a las elecciones generales. [42]

Desde las elecciones de 2020, seis partidos han sido cancelados: Mana el 5 de mayo de 2021, [43] Advance New Zealand el 19 de agosto de 2021, [44] Sustainable NZ el 15 de diciembre de 2021, [45] New Zealand TEA Party el 21 de septiembre de 2022, [46] New Zealand Social Credit Party el 28 de febrero de 2023, [47] y Heartland New Zealand el 22 de junio de 2023. [48]

Diputados que no se presentan a la reelección

Tāmati Coffey anunció su intención de retirarse en marzo de 2023, pero revirtió su decisión en julio. [64]

Diputados que se presentan a la reelección como diputados de lista

Recaudación de fondos

El 18 de enero de 2023, The New Zealand Herald informó que el Partido Nacional había recaudado NZ$ 2,3 millones de 24 grandes donantes en 2022 para financiar su campaña electoral de 2023. El Partido ACT recaudó NZ$ 1,1 millones en grandes donaciones en 2022. En comparación, el Partido Laborista en el poder había recaudado $ 150,000 durante ese mismo período, incluida una donación de $ 50,000 de la familia del propietario del gimnasio Les Mills, Phillip Mills . El Partido Verde recaudó $ 122,000 a través de contribuciones personales de los colíderes James Shaw y Marama Davidson . El partido New Zealand First recibió una donación de $ 35,000 de Tom Bowker. [70]

Para el 1 de mayo, la empresa Weft Knitting, con sede en Christchurch, había donado 100.000 dólares al Partido Verde, en ese momento la mayor donación individual para las elecciones de 2023. [71]

Para el 23 de junio, el Partido Verde había recibido un total de aproximadamente $500,000 en donaciones, incluyendo una donación de $50,000 del director de cine James Cameron y su esposa Suzy Amis Cameron , y otra donación de $50,000 de la actriz Lucy Lawless . Además, el Partido Laborista recibió un total de $458,000 en donaciones. Los partidos ACT, Nacional y New Zealand First también recaudaron un total de $1.15 millones, aproximadamente $700,000 y $517,000 en grandes donaciones respectivamente. El desarrollador inmobiliario Trevor Farmer también donó $50,000 al Partido Nacional, $200,000 al ACT y $50,000 al New Zealand First. Otros donantes ricos notables al Partido Nacional han incluido a los filántropos Brendan y Jo Lindsay (que donaron $100,000) y Jeffrey Douglas ($51,000). [72]

El 14 de septiembre, Radio New Zealand (RNZ) informó que el Partido Nacional había recibido 1,1 millones de dólares, el ACT 375.000, los Verdes 100.000 y NZ First 50.000 en donaciones empresariales entre principios de 2021 y septiembre de 2023. Durante el mismo período, el Partido Laborista recibió 275.000 dólares en grandes donaciones de los sindicatos, pero no recibió ninguna donación empresarial significativa. En 2023, el Partido Laborista recibió 600.000 dólares en grandes donaciones de particulares y sindicatos. Un informe provisional publicado por la Independent Electoral Review ha recomendado limitar las donaciones políticas a particulares y prohibir a las empresas y los sindicatos realizar donaciones a los partidos. El profesor Andrew Geddis, miembro de la revisión, expresó su preocupación por prohibir a las empresas realizar donaciones a los partidos, pero permitir que los sindicatos las realicen. [73]

El 18 de septiembre, RNZ informó que el multimillonario Graeme Hart había donado un total de 700.000 dólares a partidos de derecha, entre ellos el Partido Nacional, el ACT y el NZ First. De esa cantidad, el Partido Nacional había recibido 400.000 dólares, el ACT 200.000 y el NZ First 100.000 dólares de Hart y su empresa, Rank Group Limited. [74]

A fines de julio de 2024, Radio Nueva Zelanda informó que los partidos Nacional, Laborista, ACT, Verde, New Zealand First y Te Pāti Māori habían recibido un total de casi NZ$25 millones en donaciones durante las elecciones generales de 2023, el total más grande declarado en la historia de Nueva Zelanda y tres veces la cantidad declarada durante las elecciones generales de Nueva Zelanda de 2017. El Nacional recibió $10,349,174.83, el Laborista $4,769,449.21, ACT $4,262,712.50, los Verdes $3,314,650.60, NZ First $1,877,216.69 y Te Pāti Māori $160,749.58. Según el análisis de RNZ, varias empresas, incluidas Christopher and Banks Ltd, Alpha Laboratories y Rank Group, donaron a los partidos Nacional, ACT y NZ First. Mientras que el Partido Verde recibió donaciones de Weft Knitting Company y Clarity Cloudworks y Te Pāti Māori recibió $14,900 de Lathan Construction, el Partido Laborista no recibió donaciones de empresas en 2023. En el pasado, las empresas habían donado a partidos de ambos lados del espectro. [75]

Según RNZ, el Partido Laborista recibió un total de 335.000 dólares de varios sindicatos, entre ellos E tū , el Sindicato de Trabajadores Lácteos de Nueva Zelanda , el Sindicato Marítimo de Nueva Zelanda , el Sindicato de Transporte Ferroviario y Marítimo, el Sindicato de Trabajadores de la Carne de Nueva Zelanda y el Sindicato de Trabajadores Amalgamados. Entre los donantes privados más notables se encuentran Dame Jenny Gibbs (ACT), el propietario de un gimnasio Phillip Mills (Verdes y Laboristas), el empresario Trevor Farmer (National, ACT y NZ First) y el juez jubilado Robert Smellie (Labour). Varios partidos políticos también recibieron diezmos y donaciones de candidatos, políticos y miembros del partido; ACT recibió 5.200 dólares de la diputada Karen Chhour y Te Pāti Māori recibió una donación de 50.000 dólares del presidente del partido John Tamihere . El economista Max Rashbrooke ha argumentado que no se debería permitir a las empresas y los sindicatos donar a los partidos políticos e instó a Nueva Zelanda a seguir el ejemplo de Canadá y varios países europeos al limitar las donaciones a los votantes registrados. [75]

Campaña

Límites de gastos y asignaciones de radiodifusión

Partidos y candidatos

Durante el período reglamentario previo al día de las elecciones, los partidos y candidatos tienen límites en cuanto a lo que pueden gastar en campañas electorales. Los límites se actualizan cada año para reflejar la inflación. En Nueva Zelanda es ilegal hacer campaña el mismo día de las elecciones o a menos de 10 metros de una cabina de votación anticipada. [76]

Para las elecciones generales de 2023, cada partido registrado que compita por el voto partidario puede gastar $1,388,000 más $32,600 por candidato del electorado en campañas durante el período regulado, excluyendo las campañas de radio y televisión (la financiación de la radiodifusión se asigna por separado). Por ejemplo, un partido registrado con candidatos en los 72 electorados puede gastar $3,735,200 en campañas para el voto partidario. Los candidatos del electorado pueden gastar $32,600 cada uno en campañas para el voto del electorado. [77]

Asignación de radiodifusión

Los partidos registrados reciben un presupuesto de radiodifusión independiente para las campañas de radio y televisión. Sólo el dinero de la asignación de radiodifusión puede utilizarse para comprar tiempo de emisión; los costos de producción pueden provenir del presupuesto de gastos de las elecciones generales. La Comisión Electoral determina la cantidad de financiación de radiodifusión que recibe cada partido, establecida en la parte 6 de la Ley de Radiodifusión de 1989. La asignación se basa en una serie de factores, entre ellos el número de escaños en el Parlamento actual, los resultados de las elecciones generales anteriores y las elecciones parciales posteriores, y el apoyo en las encuestas de opinión. [78]

El 12 de mayo de 2023, la Comisión Electoral otorgó una asignación inicial de fondos para radiodifusión. [79] El 31 de mayo, Freedoms New Zealand y dos de sus partidos integrantes, el NZ Outdoors & Freedom Party y Vision New Zealand , impugnaron la decisión de la Comisión Electoral de asignarles fondos de radiodifusión de forma colectiva en lugar de como partidos políticos individuales. La Comisión Electoral había decidido asignarles fondos de radiodifusión de forma colectiva sobre la base de que eran un "grupo de partidos" que habían unido sus fuerzas. Los demandantes argumentaron que la Ley de Radiodifusión de 1989 no definía claramente qué era un "grupo de partidos" y que la Comisión Electoral no había publicado criterios claros sobre cómo sus partidos habían unido sus fuerzas. [80] El 17 de julio de 2023, el Tribunal Superior desestimó el caso. [81]

La asignación final de transmisión se publicó el 8 de septiembre de 2023. [82] A modo de comparación, el costo de un espacio televisivo de 30 segundos en octubre de 2023 osciló entre $250 durante el día y más de $29 000 en TVNZ 1 durante 1 News a las 6 p. m. y Country Calendar . [83] [84] [85]

Promotores de terceros

Los promotores de terceros, como sindicatos y grupos de presión , pueden hacer campaña durante el período regulado. El límite máximo de gastos para la elección es de $391,000 para los promotores registrados ante la Comisión Electoral, y de $15,700 para los promotores no registrados. [77]

Al 3 de octubre de 2023 , se registraron los siguientes promotores de terceros para las elecciones generales: [86]

A principios de septiembre de 2023, el Consejo de Sindicatos de Nueva Zelanda (NZCTU) lanzó una campaña publicitaria atacando al líder del Partido Nacional, Christopher Luxon. En respuesta, el presidente de la campaña de Nacional, Chris Bishop, acusó al NZCTU y al Partido Laborista de promover una campaña negativa . El presidente del NZCTU, Richard Wagstaff, defendió la campaña publicitaria del sindicato, alegando que apuntaba a las políticas de Nacional, incluida la eliminación de los acuerdos de salario justo, la restauración de los ensayos laborales de 90 días y los recortes del sector público. El líder laborista y primer ministro Chris Hipkins defendió los anuncios del NZCTU, afirmando que el sindicato había publicado anuncios en elecciones anteriores. También acusó al Partido Nacional y sus presuntos representantes, incluido el Sindicato de Contribuyentes de Nueva Zelanda , Groundswell NZ y Hobson's Pledge , de publicar anuncios de ataque contra él y el Gobierno laborista. [87]

A fines de septiembre de 2023, Hobson's Pledge lanzó una serie de anuncios de ataque dirigidos al líder laborista Chris Hipkins, con el lema "Proporciona división, no resultados". [88]

A fines de febrero de 2024, RNZ informó que los grupos de terceros habían gastado un total de NZ$2 millones durante las elecciones de 2023, 13 veces la cantidad gastada durante las elecciones generales de 2020. Según la Comisión Electoral, siete de los 31 promotores de terceros registrados gastaron más de NZ$100.000 en el período previo a la votación. Estos siete terceros partidos fueron la campaña "Vote for Better" de Tim Barry (386.514,99 dólares), el New Zealand Taxpayers' Union de Jordan Williams (371.565,05 dólares), el izquierdista New Zealand Council of Trade Unions (299.344,11 dólares), Hobson's Pledge de Don Brash (283.898,73 dólares), el grupo de defensa de los coches limpios Better NZ Trust (266.069,39 dólares), el grupo de defensa conservador Family First New Zealand de Bob McCoskrie (204.771,40 dólares) y el grupo de defensa de la agricultura Groundswell NZ (141.061 dólares). Otros terceros partidos notables con un gasto de campaña significativo fueron la Motor Trade Association (que hizo campaña contra el Clean Car Discount del Gobierno), la Natural Health Alliance y el SB Group (que abogó por la derogación de la Ley de Productos Terapéuticos y apoyó a NZ First). [89]

Campañas de partidos

Mano de obra

Hipkins en Lower Hutt anuncia la política del Partido Laborista de eliminar el GST para frutas y verduras frescas y congeladas y aumentar el programa Working for Families

La ministra Megan Woods fue la encargada de la campaña del Partido Laborista y Hayden Munro el director de campaña. El partido también contrató los servicios de la empresa de publicidad Together como comprador de medios . [90]

El 17 de mayo de 2023, el gobierno del Partido Laborista atacó el historial del Partido Nacional en materia de atención sanitaria. [91] El 27 de mayo, el Ministro de Desarrollo Social, Carmel Sepuloni, lanzó la primera política electoral del Partido Laborista: mantener la edad de jubilación en 65 años o más. [92] [93] El 28 de mayo, Hipkins anunció la segunda promesa electoral del Partido Laborista: que mantendría el plan Apprenticeship Boost. [94]

El 12 de julio, Hipkins descartó la introducción de un impuesto a las ganancias de capital si el Partido Laborista era reelegido para el Gobierno. [95] El 16 de julio, el Partido Laborista lanzó su campaña electoral y dio a conocer su lema electoral "In It For You". Hipkins también hizo campaña sobre la reducción de la inflación, la reducción de los costos de vida, la seguridad pública y la inversión en educación, salud y vivienda. [96]

El 17 de julio, el Partido Laborista presentó su paquete de medidas contra la delincuencia juvenil, que incluía la construcción de dos "unidades de alta necesidad" dentro de las residencias de justicia juvenil existentes en Auckland y Christchurch, la mejora de la seguridad en las residencias de justicia juvenil, el enfoque en medidas de prevención del delito, incluidas las conferencias de grupos familiares, y la autorización de los Tribunales de Familia para exigir a los delincuentes juveniles que realicen servicios comunitarios, incluida la limpieza de grafitis y la eliminación de basura. [97] Esa misma semana, el Gobierno laborista anunció varias políticas de justicia, incluida la introducción de una legislación para castigar a los adultos condenados por influir en los jóvenes para que cometan delitos, la conversión de la publicación de grabaciones de conducta delictiva en las redes sociales en un factor agravante en la sentencia, la tipificación del asalto como delito penal con una pena de diez años y la posibilidad de que los asaltantes de 12 y 13 años sean juzgados en Tribunales de Menores. [98] [99]

El 31 de julio, el partido publicó su lista oficial de 76 candidatos de la lista del partido. [100] Varios parlamentarios laboristas, entre ellos la ministra de Asuntos Exteriores Nanaia Mahuta , Soraya Peke-Mason y Greg O'Connor , también confirmaron que se presentarían únicamente como candidatos del electorado. [101]

El 13 de agosto, el Partido Laborista anunció que eliminaría el impuesto sobre bienes y servicios (GST) para frutas y verduras frescas y congeladas, y aumentaría el programa "Trabajando para las familias" para las familias. [102] La política de GST propuesta por el Partido Laborista atrajo críticas, incluyendo al economista Brad Olsen , la economista del Child Poverty Action Group Susan St John, la experta en alimentos de Health Coalition Aotearoa Sally Mackay, el editor político de Stuff Luke Malpass, la editora política de Newshub Jenna Lynch, el periodista de Newsroom Marc Daalder y la periodista de negocios de The New Zealand Herald Jenée Tibshraeny. [103] El 15 de agosto, el Partido Laborista hizo campaña para extender la licencia parental paga de dos a cuatro semanas si era reelegido, [104] casi tres semanas después de que el Partido Laborista rechazara el proyecto de ley propuesto por el Partido Nacional que permitía a los padres compartir su derecho a licencia. [105] El 19 de agosto, el Partido Laborista lanzó su campaña maorí y publicó su manifiesto en idioma maorí . [106]

El 2 de septiembre, el lanzamiento de la campaña laborista en Auckland fue interrumpido por manifestantes de Freedoms New Zealand . [107] El Partido Laborista anunció una política de atención dental gratuita para menores de 30 años, a partir de julio de 2025. [108] El 6 de septiembre, Hipkins anunció el plan económico de cinco partes del Partido Laborista y también prometió liderar una delegación comercial a la India dentro de los primeros 100 días de gobierno si era reelegido. [109] [110] El 7 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista anunció varias políticas de ley y orden, incluyendo la adición de 300 oficiales de policía de primera línea, la expansión del uso de oficiales de salud mental y la introducción de una legislación para convertir el acoso en un delito penal. [111]

El 12 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista hizo campaña para implementar la detección gratuita del cáncer de cuello uterino para mujeres de entre 25 y 69 años. [112] En respuesta a la promesa de campaña del Partido Nacional de construir una tercera escuela de medicina en la Universidad de Waikato , Hipkins anunció el 13 de septiembre que el Gobierno invertiría en la formación de 335 médicos adicionales para 2027. [113] El 17 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista publicó su manifiesto electoral para mujeres y se comprometió a aumentar la edad para la detección gratuita del cáncer de mama y a desarrollar un plan de acción contra la endometriosis . [114]

El 18 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista hizo campaña a favor de la introducción de descuentos para paneles solares y baterías en los tejados, y de un fondo de energía comunitaria de 20 millones de dólares neozelandeses. [115] Ese mismo día, el director de campaña Woods confirmó que el Partido Laborista descartaría un acuerdo electoral con el Partido Verde en escaños electorales ajustados. [116] El 22 de septiembre, Hipkins anunció que el Partido Laborista mantendría su programa de escuelas de almuerzo gratuito si era reelegido. [117] El 23 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista prometió introducir una "supervisa" de entradas múltiples de 10 años que permitiría a los familiares de los inmigrantes realizar visitas sucesivas de entre 6 meses y 5 años, y también hizo campaña a favor de la introducción de un programa de amnistía única para quienes se quedaran más tiempo del permitido y hubieran estado en Nueva Zelanda durante diez años. [118] El 24 de septiembre, Woods anunció que el Partido Laborista construiría 6.000 casas estatales más si era reelegido. [119]

El 25 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista publicó su manifiesto climático con políticas clave, entre ellas un segundo plan de reducción de emisiones y el impulso a las energías renovables. [120] El 26 de septiembre, Hipkins prometió que el Partido Laborista invertiría 1.000 millones de dólares neozelandeses en el comprador farmacéutico estatal Pharmac durante los próximos cuatro años. [121] El 27 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista presentó su plan fiscal, centrado en la reducción del gasto público y el mantenimiento de los niveles actuales del impuesto sobre la renta. [122] El 30 de septiembre, el Partido Laborista publicó su Manifiesto Arcoíris, con políticas clave, entre ellas leyes de gestación subrogada reformadas, una nueva cuota de refugiados LGBTQ+ y restricciones a la donación de sangre por parte de hombres homosexuales. [123]

El 1 de octubre, el viceprimer ministro Carmel Sepuloni publicó el manifiesto electoral completo del partido, centrándose en mejorar la educación de los niños y financiar programas de formación y trabajo para los jóvenes. [124] A principios de octubre, el Partido Laborista confirmó que, si era reelegido, ampliaría el reconocimiento diplomático al Estado de Palestina invitando a Izzat Salah Abdulhadi, jefe de la Delegación General de Palestina en Australia, a presentar credenciales como embajador palestino en Nueva Zelanda. [125] Tras el ataque de Hamás a Israel , Hipkins detuvo los planes de ampliar el reconocimiento diplomático a Palestina el 10 de octubre. [126]

Nacional

El presidente de la campaña de National fue el diputado Chris Bishop , mientras que Jo de Doux fue su directora de campaña. El partido también contrató los servicios del comprador de medios Rainmakers, los contratistas creativos de publicidad independientes Sue Worthington y Glenn Jamieson, y la empresa de publicidad Topham Guerin . [90]

El Partido Nacional no ha presentado candidatos en los electorados maoríes desde las elecciones de 2002. En 2019, la diputada de lista Jo Hayes expresó su deseo de competir en Te Tai Hauāuru ; [127] La ​​líder Judith Collins manifestó su apoyo en julio de 2020, pero dijo que no sería posible para las elecciones de 2020 debido a limitaciones de tiempo. [128] Después de las elecciones, Collins afirmó la intención del partido de competir en los electorados maoríes en 2023. [129] [130] Después de que Christopher Luxon reemplazara a Collins como líder, confirmó que estos planes continuarían, [131] pero declaró que era un movimiento "pragmático" y que sentía que los electorados maoríes eran incompatibles con el principio de " una persona, un voto ". [132] La diputada de lista Harete Hipango fue la primera candidata confirmada, anunciada en abril de 2023 para competir en Te Tai Hauāuru. [133]

En mayo de 2023, Luxon confirmó que el Partido Nacional no trabajaría con Te Pāti Māori si formaba el próximo gobierno después de las elecciones de 2023, citando el desacuerdo del Partido Nacional con el apoyo del partido a la cogobernanza en los servicios públicos y el presunto separatismo. [134] [135]

El 23 de mayo, un portavoz de National admitió que el partido había estado usando imágenes creadas por inteligencia artificial en algunos de sus anuncios de ataque en las redes sociales, mientras que Luxon no estaba al tanto de esto. [136] [137] En junio, el partido eliminó numerosos videos con contenido de películas y televisión de su cuenta de TikTok después de que Newshub se comunicara con los estudios sobre si National estaba violando sus derechos de autor. [138]

El 11 de junio, el Partido Nacional anunció que pondría fin a la prohibición de la modificación genética en Nueva Zelanda y establecería un organismo regulador nacional de la biotecnología si era elegido para gobernar. [139] El 18 de junio, el Partido Nacional anunció que convertiría la pertenencia a una pandilla en un factor agravante en las sentencias penales. [140] El 25 de junio, el Partido Nacional dio a conocer varias políticas de ley y orden, entre ellas la limitación de los descuentos en las sentencias, la eliminación de los "informes culturales" y del objetivo de "reducción de prisioneros" del Gobierno, y el aumento de la inversión en fondos de apoyo a las víctimas y programas de rehabilitación para prisioneros en prisión preventiva. [141]

A principios de julio, el Partido Nacional hizo campaña para construir una nueva escuela de medicina en la Universidad de Waikato para abordar la escasez nacional de médicos y revertir los recortes del Gobierno laborista al Hospital Dunedin de reemplazo . [142] [143] El 16 de julio, Luxon confirmó que el lema electoral de Nacional sería "Ponga a nuestro país de nuevo en marcha". También anunció que Nacional crearía un fondo de 500 millones de dólares neozelandeses para reparar las carreteras estatales y locales. [144] [145] El 30 de julio, Nacional anunció que adoptaría una postura dura contra las pandillas. [146] El 31 de julio, Nacional anunció un paquete de transporte de 24 mil millones de dólares neozelandeses que incluía la construcción de 13 nuevas carreteras de "importancia nacional", la inversión en tres nuevos "corredores de transporte" de autobuses en Auckland, la modernización de la infraestructura ferroviaria de la parte baja de la Isla Norte y la inversión en infraestructura vial en las Islas Norte y Sur . Luxon también propuso la creación de una Agencia Nacional de Infraestructura para coordinar la financiación del gobierno, promover la inversión y mejorar la financiación, la adquisición y la entrega. [147]

El 9 de agosto, el Partido Nacional propuso prohibir los teléfonos celulares en las escuelas para ayudar a los estudiantes a concentrarse y mejorar sus resultados académicos. [148] [149] El 19 de agosto, el Partido Nacional publicó su lista oficial del partido; el diputado de alto rango Michael Woodhouse optó por presentarse únicamente como diputado del electorado debido a su desacuerdo con su clasificación en la lista. [150] El 21 de agosto, el Partido Nacional hizo campaña para gastar NZ$280 millones para financiar 13 tratamientos contra el cáncer. [151] El 22 de agosto, Luxon confirmó que el Partido Nacional no apoyaría la propuesta de ACT de derogar la Ley de Enmienda de Respuesta al Cambio Climático (Carbono Cero) y la legislación propuesta sobre los principios del Tratado de Waitangi . [152] El 23 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional anunció un nuevo "Aumento de Visas para Padres" que permitiría a los familiares visitar a sus familiares en Nueva Zelanda durante cinco años, con la posibilidad de renovación por otros cinco años. Los titulares de visas tendrían que tener seguro médico, ya que no serían elegibles para la jubilación y otros derechos. [118]

El 28 de agosto, Luxon confirmó que el Partido Nacional abandonaría su histórico acuerdo de “taza de té” con el Partido ACT y se presentaría como candidato al escaño de Epsom del líder del ACT , David Seymour . [153] El 30 de agosto, el Partido Nacional anunció una propuesta de recortes de impuestos sobre la renta de 14.600 millones de dólares con el objetivo de aliviar a “ la clase media exprimida ”. Estos se financiarán con una reducción en el servicio público y con nuevos impuestos a los compradores de viviendas extranjeros, los operadores de juegos de azar extranjeros y los edificios comerciales. [154] [155]

El 3 de septiembre, Luxon publicó la tarjeta de compromiso del Partido Nacional para el año electoral en el lanzamiento de la campaña del partido en South Auckland, que enumeraba ocho promesas prioritarias. Los miembros de Freedoms NZ protestaron fuera del lugar donde se realizó el lanzamiento de la campaña. [156] El 5 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional anunció que degradaría las juntas de asociación maoríes, que el Gobierno había establecido como parte de sus reformas del sector de la salud de 2022. [157] El 6 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional hizo campaña para invertir 257 millones de dólares neozelandeses durante los próximos cuatro años para aumentar el número de cargadores de vehículos eléctricos a 10.000 y declaró que pondría fin al programa de descuento de "coches limpios" del Gobierno y al " impuesto a las camionetas ". [158] El 7 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional publicó su política de turismo, que se financiaría mediante un impuesto propuesto para visitantes internacionales. [159]

El 21 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional anunció que aceleraría el procesamiento de visas para estudiantes internacionales y ampliaría sus derechos laborales. [160] El 22 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional dio a conocer su plan económico de 100 puntos; con un enfoque en reducir el gasto "despilfarrador" y la burocracia, brindar alivio fiscal y promover el crecimiento económico, el comercio y la inversión. [161] El 24 de septiembre, el Partido Nacional hizo campaña para revertir las "reducciones generales del límite de velocidad" del Gobierno y restablecer los límites de velocidad de las autopistas y carreteras locales a 100 km y 50 km respectivamente. [162]

El 25 de septiembre, el líder nacional Christopher Luxon dijo que podría buscar una coalición con Winston Peters New Zealand First después de las elecciones. [163] [164] [165] El 26 de septiembre, el partido nacional propuso un "sistema de semáforo" para la transición de los beneficiarios de Jobseeker a la fuerza laboral, incluidas las reducciones de beneficios o el trabajo comunitario obligatorio. [166] El 29 de septiembre, el partido nacional publica su plan fiscal, prometiendo impuestos más bajos y reducir el gasto público y la deuda neta. [167] El 1 de octubre, el partido nacional publicó su plan de acción de 100 días. Las promesas clave incluían la eliminación del impuesto regional sobre los combustibles de Auckland, la prohibición de los parches e insignias de pandillas, la restauración del período de empleo de 90 días para las empresas, la prohibición de los teléfonos celulares en las escuelas y la derogación de la legislación gubernamental Three Waters y "RMA 2.0" . [168]

El 5 de octubre, Luxon anunció que un gobierno nacional crearía un Ministerio del Espacio. Además, Willis admitió que, según la política fiscal propuesta por el Partido Nacional, sólo 3.000 hogares obtendrían una reducción fiscal completa, pero negó que el Partido Nacional hubiera engañado a los votantes sobre su plan fiscal. El ex primer ministro Sir John Key también publicó un vídeo en el que instaba a los votantes a dar su "voto de partido" al Partido Nacional para evitar un gobierno sin mayoría absoluta . [169]

Verduras

Cartel de campaña del Partido Verde en Christchurch para las elecciones generales de Nueva Zelanda de 2023. El partido The Time is Now vota por los verdes. Autorizado por Miriam Ross. Nivel 5, 108 The Terrace, Wellington. Verde. Foto tomada el 13 de agosto de 2023.
Cartel de campaña del Partido Verde para las elecciones generales de 2023

La campaña del Partido Verde estuvo dirigida por el Comité de Campaña 23, que fue convocado por el vicealcalde de Nelson Rohan O'Neill-Stevens y la activista del partido Gina Dao-McClay. Chennoah Walford se desempeñó como director de campaña mientras el partido contrató los servicios de la empresa de publicidad y compradora de medios "Reason". [90] El 18 de mayo, el partido anunció que haría campaña sobre el cambio climático, la vivienda, la desigualdad, la reforma fiscal y el costo de vida. [170] El 20 de mayo, los Verdes publicaron su lista final de 31 candidatos, que excluía a Elizabeth Kerekere , quien dejó el partido para sentarse como diputada independiente hasta la elección, tras la cual se retiró. [171] Tras el éxito de la campaña de 2020 de Chlöe Swarbrick en Auckland Central, el Partido Verde realizó tres campañas adicionales de "dos ticks" en esta elección; Ricardo Menéndez March en Mount Albert, Julie Anne Genter en Rongotai y Tamatha Paul en Wellington Central. [172] El Partido Verde también hizo campaña para obtener votos del electorado en Panmure-Ōtāhuhu , Tāmaki Makaurau , [173] y Te Tai Tokerau . [174]

En junio de 2023, los Verdes anunciaron que presentarían varias propuestas sobre riqueza e impuestos, incluyendo recortes de impuestos para cualquiera que gane menos de NZ$125.000, una garantía de ingresos mínimos de NZ$385 por semana, un impuesto sobre la riqueza sobre activos con un valor superior a NZ$2 millones, un impuesto fiduciario del 1,5%, una tasa impositiva máxima del 45% sobre la renta y una tasa impositiva corporativa del 33%. [175]

A principios de julio de 2023, los Verdes anunciaron su "Compromiso con los inquilinos". Entre las disposiciones clave se incluyen la imposición de controles de alquiler a los propietarios, la introducción de una "garantía de aptitud" para el alquiler, la concesión de una garantía gubernamental a los proveedores de vivienda, la aceleración del programa de construcción de viviendas públicas y la creación de un registro nacional para todos los propietarios y administradores de propiedades. [176] El 9 de julio, el partido anunció su manifiesto electoral. Entre las disposiciones clave se incluyen la creación de un nuevo ministerio de cambio climático , la ampliación de los criterios para las emisiones de carbono, la despenalización de las drogas, el aumento de la admisión de refugiados a 5.000, la introducción de controles de alquiler y la construcción de 35.000 nuevas viviendas públicas. [177]

El 17 de julio, los Verdes lanzaron su política Hoki Whenua Mai. Entre sus disposiciones clave se encuentran la introducción de una legislación para devolver todas las tierras confiscadas al pueblo indígena maorí , la eliminación de la fecha límite de 2008 para las violaciones del Tratado de Waitangi y el establecimiento de un proceso para las tierras de propiedad privada. [178] El 23 de julio, los Verdes lanzaron formalmente su campaña electoral junto con el lema "El momento es ahora" y un nuevo vídeo de campaña. [179]

El 6 de agosto, los Verdes propusieron la creación de un servicio dental nacional para proporcionar atención sanitaria dental gratuita, que se financiaría mediante un impuesto sobre el patrimonio. [180] El 13 de agosto, los Verdes anunciaron una mejora del programa Clean Power Payment y Zero Carbon Homes con el objetivo de equipar las viviendas con paneles solares y sustituir los aparatos de combustibles fósiles como los calentadores de gas. [181]

El 10 de septiembre, los Verdes lanzaron sus políticas sobre los océanos, que incluían la creación de una Comisión de los Océanos independiente y la aprobación de una Ley de Salud de los Océanos. [182] El 16 de septiembre, la colíder de los Verdes, Marama Davidson, hizo campaña para aumentar las vacaciones anuales mínimas de los trabajadores de cuatro a cinco semanas. [183] ​​El 19 de septiembre, Davidson anunció que los Verdes apoyarían la ampliación del programa de almuerzos escolares gratuitos a 365.000 niños. [184]

El 23 de septiembre, los Verdes hicieron campaña para introducir una amnistía total para todos los que se quedaran más tiempo del permitido, acompañada de vías para obtener la residencia. [118] El 26 de septiembre, los Verdes se comprometieron a duplicar los pagos del programa Best Start y extenderlo a los niños menores de tres años para combatir la pobreza infantil. [185] El 1 de octubre, los Verdes publicaron un documento titulado "El futuro depende de nosotros", en el que revelaban sus tres prioridades: garantía de ingresos, viviendas asequibles y saludables, y acción por el clima. El partido también publicó una revisión fiscal independiente para apoyar su plan. [186]

ACTO

Seymour en Palmerston North para una reunión pública de ACT el 30 de julio de 2023

El presidente del comité de campaña del Partido ACT fue Nick Wright y el jefe de campaña Stu Wilson. El partido también contrató los servicios de la encuestadora estadounidense Joe Trippi & Associates como comprador de medios. [90] ACT ha hecho campaña contra el control de armas. [187] A diferencia de los Verdes, el líder de ACT, David Seymour, ha dicho que cree que es injusto que una pequeña porción de la población de Nueva Zelanda soporte una parte sustancial de los ingresos fiscales del país. [188] A fines de abril, ACT confirmó que realizaría campañas de "dos ticks" tanto para Seymour como para la vicelíder Brooke Van Velden en los electorados de Epsom y Tāmaki en Auckland . [189]

El partido lanzó su campaña el 4 de junio de 2023, y Seymour anunció una política para crear un nuevo "Ministerio de Regulación" para vigilar la burocracia e introducir una nueva ley para garantizar que la regulación esté respaldada por principios legislativos. [190] El 9 de julio, ACT prometió reducir la edad de justicia juvenil a 17 años. En 2016, el Gobierno nacional anterior había elevado la edad de justicia juvenil a 18 años, y los jóvenes de 17 años eran juzgados en tribunales de menores por la mayoría de los delitos, excepto delitos graves como asesinato, agresión sexual, robo agravado, incendio provocado y agresiones graves. [191] El 13 de julio, ACT publicó su política Oranga Tamariki (Ministerio de la Infancia) que abogaba por convertir al Monitor Independiente de la Infancia (ICM) en una entidad independiente de la Corona , separar los puestos de trabajo de los trabajadores sociales en mentores y Oficiales de Protección Infantil, y transferir las funciones de justicia juvenil de Oranga Tamariki al Departamento de Correcciones . [192]

El 16 de julio, ACT publicó su lista final de 55 candidatos, con recién llegados notables que incluían al ex presidente de Federated Farmers, Andrew Hoggard, y al ex diputado nacional Parmjeet Parmar . [193] El 30 de julio, ACT anunció que buscaría acelerar el proceso de quejas personales de la Autoridad de Relaciones Laborales (ERA) para ayudar a las pequeñas empresas. [146] El 17 de agosto de 2023, Seymour bromeó sobre bombardear el Ministerio de los Pueblos del Pacífico durante una entrevista con Newstalk ZB luego de las revelaciones sobre el gasto innecesario del Ministerio a principios de agosto. Durante la entrevista, Seymour afirmó que "en su fantasía" él "enviaría a un tipo como Guy Fawkes " a la sede del Ministerio y "todo habría terminado", aparentemente dando a entender que lo haría volar por los aires . [194] Esto era una referencia a la Conspiración de la Pólvora , planeada en 1605 por conspiradores católicos ingleses pero frustrada en el último minuto. [195] ACT ha hecho campaña por la abolición del Ministerio, junto con la Comisión de Derechos Humanos y el Ministerio de la Mujer . [196] Las declaraciones de Seymour fueron criticadas por el viceprimer ministro Carmel Sepuloni y el ex ministro del Partido Nacional Alfred Ngaro como incendiarias e insensibles hacia los neozelandeses del Pacífico . [196] [197]

El 20 de agosto, Seymour anunció que ACT establecería parámetros de desempeño para las organizaciones del sector público, " indicadores clave de desempeño " para los jefes ejecutivos del sector público, y restablecería la "remuneración por desempeño" para los jefes ejecutivos del sector público. [198]

El 27 de agosto, el ACT se comprometió a eliminar los distritos maoríes en los gobiernos locales. [199] [200] El 3 de septiembre, Seymour anunció que el ACT revocaría la prohibición del Gobierno sobre la exploración de petróleo y gas, facilitaría el proceso de consentimiento para proyectos eólicos marinos y eliminaría el marco Te Mana o te Wai del proceso de consentimiento de recursos. [201] El 6 de septiembre, Seymour confirmó que la "revisión de la burocracia" del ACT se centraría en el sector de la educación de la primera infancia , los servicios de salud, las industrias primarias y los servicios financieros. [202]

El 13 de septiembre, Seymour dio a conocer las políticas de ley y orden de ACT que incluían la reforma del proceso de reparaciones a favor de las víctimas, la imposición de sentencias más duras para los delitos contra los trabajadores vulnerables, el restablecimiento de la legislación de los "tres strikes" y la construcción de 500 camas adicionales en prisión y 200 camas en la justicia juvenil. [203] El 15 de septiembre, ACT hizo campaña para despojar a los beneficiarios de la asistencia social de sus beneficios si no buscaban tratamiento para las drogas y el estrés o buscaban trabajo. [204] El 17 de septiembre, ACT lanzó su campaña electoral en una plataforma de oposición a la cogobernanza e introducción de una legislación que establecía los principios del Tratado de Waitangi . [205] El lanzamiento de la campaña fue interrumpido por el candidato de Freedoms NZ Karl Mokoraka. Un camarógrafo de Newshub y un periodista visual también fueron presuntamente agredidos por un partidario de ACT. Seymour condenó las presuntas agresiones y prometió apoyar la investigación. [206] [207]

El 20 de septiembre, el ACT lanzó sus políticas de educación y educación de la primera infancia, con un enfoque en la lucha contra la "microgestión" burocrática y el ausentismo. [208] Tras la actualización fiscal y económica previa a las elecciones, el 21 de septiembre el ACT anunció que revisaría su presupuesto para retrasar los recortes de impuestos y los aumentos propuestos al gasto en defensa. [209] El 22 de septiembre, el ACT dio a conocer su política para personas mayores, que incluía la reforma de la Comisión de Jubilación, el fin de la prohibición de la pseudoefedrina y el impulso de la fuerza laboral de la salud. [210] El 23 de septiembre, el ACT prometió introducir una nueva "Visa Unite" que permitiría visitar a la familia en Nueva Zelanda durante un máximo de cinco años, con un requisito de renovación cada año y una tarifa anual de NZ$3.500 para cubrir los posibles costos de salud. [118]

El 26 de septiembre, ACT anunció que eliminaría varias políticas de cambio climático, incluida la Ley de modificación de la respuesta al cambio climático (carbono cero), y se centraría en la construcción de infraestructura para hacer frente al cambio climático. [211] El 28 de septiembre, ACT anunció varias políticas que facilitarían a los propietarios desalojar a los inquilinos y rescindir los alquileres. [212] El 29 de septiembre, ACT anunció que enmendaría los términos de referencia de la investigación de COVID-19 para dar al público una mayor voz. [213] Ese mismo día, Seymour sugirió que un gobierno de ACT reduciría el límite de emisiones de carbono de Nueva Zelanda para que coincida con las emisiones de sus socios comerciales. [214] El 30 de septiembre, ACT dio a conocer su plan de política para pequeñas empresas que implicaba abolir los acuerdos de salario justo, no aumentar el salario mínimo durante tres años y eliminar el feriado público del 2 de enero. [215]

Te Pāti Māorí

La campaña de Te Pāti Māori estuvo dirigida por el jefe de campaña y presidente del partido John Tamihere y el partido contrató los servicios de la agencia creativa "Motion Sickness". [90] La ministra de Trabajo Meka Whaitiri desertó a Te Pāti Māori el 3 de mayo de 2023. [216] El 15 de junio, el colíder de Te Pāti Māori, Rāwiri Waititi, publicó un video de Facebook dirigido a Chris Hipkins y Christopher Luxon, pidiendo a la pareja que "cierra la boca y deja de usar nuestra iwi como un balón político para sumar puntos", con respecto al tangihanga de Steven Taiatini, quien era el presidente Ōpōtiki de Mongrel Mob Barbarians . Waititi es de la iwi Whakatōhea . Tanto Hipkins como Luxon objetaron los comentarios de Waititi, citando preocupaciones de seguridad. [217]

El partido Te Pāti Māori lanzó su campaña electoral en el evento Matariki de Te Whānau O Waipareira en Henderson , Auckland. Waititi y su compañera codirectora Debbie Ngarewa-Packer encabezaron el evento, que incluyó un concierto de música. El partido hizo campaña para promover los intereses del pueblo maorí , combatir el racismo y el estatus de "segunda categoría" de los maoríes, como lo denominó Ngarewa-Packer. [218] Durante el lanzamiento de la campaña, un hombre intentó agredir a Waititi, pero fue retirado por la seguridad. Más tarde, el hombre recibió una advertencia por alteración del orden público y resistencia a la policía. [219]

El 27 de julio, Te Pāti Māori anunció una serie de políticas fiscales, incluida una política de impuesto cero para quienes ganaran menos de NZ$30.000, un nuevo impuesto del 48% para quienes ganaran más de NZ$300.000, elevando la tasa de impuesto a las empresas de nuevo al 33% y un impuesto a la riqueza para los millonarios. [220] [221] El 2 de agosto, el partido hizo campaña para poner fin a la atención estatal para los niños maoríes y reemplazar el actual Oranga Tamariki (Ministerio para la Infancia) con una Autoridad Mokopuna Māori independiente que se conectaría con organizaciones maoríes, iwi (tribus) y hapū (subgrupos) para garantizar que los niños maoríes permanecieran conectados con sus whakapapa (genealogías). [222] El 20 de agosto, Te Pāti Māori publicó su lista oficial de candidatos de 30 candidatos. [223]

Nueva Zelanda primero

El líder de New Zealand First, Winston Peters, dice que si NZ First es elegido para gobernar, New Zealand First eliminaría los nombres maoríes de los departamentos gubernamentales y restablecería los nombres ingleses. [224] [225] [226] [227] El partido también se ha resistido a los cambios en la edad de elegibilidad para la jubilación. [228] Además, New Zealand First está en contra de los mandatos de vacunación y propone que la afiliación a pandillas debería servir automáticamente como un factor agravante en la sentencia por delitos. [228]

El 23 de julio, NZ First lanzó su campaña electoral con el lema "Recuperemos nuestro país". Peters anunció que el partido haría campaña sobre cinco temas clave: combatir el llamado "separatismo racista", luchar contra los bancos de propiedad australiana y el "duopolio de los supermercados", invertir en salud, servicios sociales y atención a los ancianos, y adoptar políticas " duras contra el crimen ", incluida la construcción de una "prisión de pandillas" y la designación de todas las pandillas como organizaciones terroristas. [229] El 30 de julio, NZ First hizo campaña para trasladar los puertos de Auckland y la base de Devonport de la Marina Real de Nueva Zelanda a Northport , extender la línea troncal principal de la Isla Norte a Marsden Point , una nueva autopista alternativa de cuatro carriles a través de la cordillera Brynderwyn , y establecer una investigación completa sobre el manejo del Gobierno de la pandemia de COVID-19 en Nueva Zelanda . [146]

El 16 de agosto, NZ First publicó una política sobre las personas transgénero en los baños y los deportes; que incluía la introducción de una legislación que exigía a los organismos públicos tener baños unisex y de un solo sexo "claramente delimitados", restringir el acceso a los baños a personas del sexo opuesto y exigir a los organismos deportivos que tuvieran una "categoría biológica femenina exclusiva". El Partido Nacional criticó la política. [230] El 20 de agosto, NZ First publicó una política para convertir el inglés en un idioma oficial de Nueva Zelanda y retirarse de la Declaración de las Naciones Unidas sobre los Derechos de los Pueblos Indígenas . [231]

El 3 de septiembre, NZ First publicó un vídeo de campaña con temática de vaqueros en el que aparecía Peters montando a caballo. [232] El 10 de septiembre, Peters afirmó que los maoríes no eran indígenas de Nueva Zelanda porque se originaron en las Islas Cook y China durante una reunión pública en Nelson . [233] El Partido Nacional Luxon criticó las declaraciones de Peter, pero evitó confirmar o negar si su partido entraría en coalición con NZ First en un futuro gobierno. [234] El 16 de septiembre, NZ First publicó su lista de 31 miembros del partido, que incluía a varios exmiembros del Parlamento de NZ First, entre ellos Peters, Shane Jones , Mark Patterson , Jenny Marcroft y el exalcalde de Wellington Andy Foster . [235]

El 26 de septiembre, Peters anunció que un gobierno de NZ First impondría un límite de dos años al beneficio para solicitantes de empleo para combatir la dependencia de la asistencia social. [236] El 6 de octubre, NZ First publicó su manifiesto electoral, que proponía abolir el impuesto sobre bienes y servicios (GST) para los alimentos básicos. Tras un debate televisado en directo por TVNZ ese mismo día, el partido declaró que apoyaría un comité de investigación selecto para explorar la viabilidad de eliminar el GST de los alimentos básicos. [237] [238]

Nuevo Partido Conservador

En agosto de 2023, la líder de los Nuevos Conservadores, Helen Houghton, presentó la política Family Builder del partido, cuyo primer año costó 9.100 millones de dólares neozelandeses. Entre sus disposiciones principales se incluían la posibilidad de que los trabajadores se quedaran con los primeros 20.000 dólares que ganaran, créditos fiscales por hijo, la posibilidad de que las parejas dividieran sus ingresos y la transferencia de fondos de los centros de primera infancia a los padres con el objetivo de alentar a que al menos uno de los padres criara a los hijos en casa. Houghton dijo que la política Family Builder tenía por objeto alentar a los padres a no separarse y proteger la unidad familiar. [239]

La fiesta de las oportunidades

El Partido de las Oportunidades se alinea con los Verdes en varios frentes políticos, incluyendo el respaldo a la Renta Básica Universal (RBU) [240] y a un sistema tributario más progresivo . Las reformas tributarias propuestas incluyen la implementación de una tasa de impuesto a la renta del 45% para las personas que ganan más de $250.000 por año, mientras que aquellos que ganan menos de $15.000 por año estarían exentos del impuesto a la renta por completo. [241] El 16 de junio, durante una sesión de preguntas y respuestas, la candidata de Wellington Central, Natalia Albert , aunque reconoció las similitudes, dijo que una divergencia clave con los Verdes era que estaban abiertos a formar una coalición con el Partido Nacional o con el ACT. [ cita requerida ]

Para asegurarse un lugar en el Parlamento, el Partido de las Oportunidades apostó principalmente por la posible victoria de su líder Raf Manji en el electorado de Ilam . [242] [243] En marzo de 2023, TOP anunció su política "Teal Deal" de 1.500 millones de dólares neozelandeses dirigida a los jóvenes que permitiría a las personas menores de 30 años utilizar una "tarjeta Teal" para comprar bicicletas, patinetes, atención sanitaria gratuita y formación basada en habilidades. El partido también propuso un programa nacional de servicio cívico para jóvenes, en el que los participantes recibirían un aumento de ahorro libre de impuestos de 5.000 dólares neozelandeses. [244] [245] El 17 de junio, Manji confirmó que TOP estaba desarrollando un candidato de inteligencia artificial. [246]

El 16 de agosto, TOP publicó su plan de salud, que incluía anticoncepción totalmente financiada, aumento de las plazas en las escuelas de medicina, enfermería y odontología, impulso del plan de bonos voluntarios para profesionales y trabajadores de la salud, establecimiento de un servicio de ambulancia totalmente financiado y anticoncepción, ecografías prenatales y visitas al médico totalmente financiadas. [247] El 20 de agosto, Manji anunció que TOP introduciría una nueva política de visas para inversores por 3 millones de dólares neozelandeses que se utilizarían para apoyar un fondo para reasentar a refugiados climáticos en Nueva Zelanda. [248]

El 6 de septiembre, la líder adjunta del TOP, Natalia Albert, anunció la política democrática del partido, con disposiciones clave que incluyen un mandato parlamentario de cuatro años, la reducción del umbral proporcional de miembros mixtos y la reducción de la edad para votar a 16 años. [249]

Debates

TVNZ anunció su calendario de debates el 29 de agosto. [250] Newshub anunció su calendario de debates el 7 de septiembre. [251] Un debate organizado por The Press entre Chris Hipkins y Christopher Luxon estaba programado para el 3 de octubre, pero después de que Hipkins contrajera COVID-19 , Luxon se retiró debido a que no pudo proporcionar ninguna fecha alternativa. [252]

Asuntos

Según la herramienta en línea Vote Compass de TVNZ y Vox Pop Lab, los cinco temas principales en los electorados generales fueron el costo de vida (28%), la economía (17%), la atención médica (14%), el crimen (9%) y el medio ambiente (8%). Dentro de los electorados maoríes , los cinco temas principales fueron el costo de vida (35%), los problemas maoríes (15%), la economía (14%), la atención médica (9%) y la justicia social (9%). [268]

Orden público

Según una encuesta de Vote Compass, el 73% de los encuestados creía que demasiados delincuentes evitaban las sentencias de prisión en Nueva Zelanda. Según los datos publicados por el Ministerio de Justicia , había un total de 8.500 presos encarcelados en las cárceles de Nueva Zelanda en junio de 2023; fue la tasa de encarcelamiento por cada 100.000 personas más baja en más de 20 años. Esto fue parte de la política del Gobierno laborista de reducir la población carcelaria en un 30%, que el Partido Laborista ha prometido eliminar si es reelegido. Mientras que los partidos Nacional y ACT han hecho campaña para revertir el objetivo de reducción del 30% de las prisiones, Te Pāti Māori ha abogado por abolir las prisiones y reemplazarlas por un sistema basado en tikanga (consuetudinario maorí). Los Verdes han enfatizado la rehabilitación y la justicia restaurativa . [269]

Vote Compass también descubrió que el 76% de los encuestados apoyaba la aplicación de castigos más severos a los delincuentes juveniles. Mientras que el 92% de los votantes nacionales y del ACT apoyaban la aplicación de castigos más severos, el 73% de los votantes laboristas estaba de acuerdo y el 18% no. La encuesta concluyó que los partidarios del partido conservador estaban a favor de un enfoque más punitivo e individualizado frente al delito, mientras que los partidarios del partido liberal pensaban que el delito tenía su raíz en factores estructurales, como la pobreza y la discriminación. [269]

La cogobernanza y el Tratado de Waitangi

Co-governance and the Treaty of Waitangi were polarising issues during the 2023 general election, with The Spinoff comparing campaign discussions around these issues to the "iwi vs Kiwi" debate during the 2005 New Zealand general election. While the incumbent Labour and Green parties were sympathetic to co-governance, they avoided campaigning strongly on the issues due to the controversy that co-governance generated in 2022. Labour has supported the expansion of Māori wards and constituencies in local and regional councils. The opposition National, ACT, and New Zealand First parties have opposed co-governance to varying degrees, despite the former two instituting co-governance arrangements during the Fifth National Government. While National and ACT have opposed the expansion of Māori wards in local government, ACT has accepted other co-governance arrangements such as Auckland's Tūpuna Maunga Authority and the Waikato River Authority. Meanwhile, NZ First has rejected all power-sharing arrangements with Māori including co-governaning indigenous biodiversity.[270] While the Labour and Green parties have supported the Government's Water Services Reform Programme, National and ACT have campaigned on repealing the programme in its entirety.[271][270]

In terms of the Treaty of Waitangi and treaty settlements, Labour has supported expanding Te Haetea, the online database for monitoring Treaty settlement commitments. The Green and Māori parties have advocated reforming the Treaty of Waitangi Tribunal and Treaty settlements by reopening historical claims, allowing hapū (sub-tribes) to negotiate claims, boosting Tribunal funding and broadening the Tribunal's scope to include private property. The Māori Party has also sought to include council-owned land in Treaty settlements, make Tribunal recommendations binding, remove fiscal and deadline limits, and to end "full and final settlements" in the Treaty process.[270]

In terms of constitutional arrangements, Te Paati Māori has proposed several major constitutional changes including the creation of a separate Māori parliament, entrench the Māori electorates, allowing Māori to switch between the general and Māori electoral rolls anytime, and expanding the scope of the Waitangi Tribunal process. The Greens also support entrenching the Māori electorates, implementing the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples and its local He Puapua strategy, and creating a citizen's assembly based on Treaty principles. By contrast, ACT and NZ First oppose the entrenchment of both the Declaration on Indigenous Rights and the He Puapua documents.[270]

In late September 2023, Horizon Research published the results of a survey on how New Zealanders' voting choices were influenced by their views on co-governance, the Treaty of Waitangi, and racial harmony. The Horizon Research study also identified a large gulf between Māori and European/Pākehā voters on the issues of co-governance and honouring the Treaty. On co-governance, 28% of European voters surveyed said that stopping co-governance policies was an important influence on their party vote choice, compared with 17% of Māori respondents. 62% of prospective ACT voters opposed co-governance, compared with 45% of New Zealand First prospective voters and 40% of prospective National voters. Regarding the Treaty, 46% of Māori respondents regarded honouring the Treaty as an important influence on their party vote, compared with 20% of European respondents. The survey found that 31% of voters regarded racial harmony as important; with 34% of Māori and 30% of Europeans regarding racial harmony as important.[272]

Disinformation and misinformation

Several researchers including Victoria University of Wellington political scientist Lara Greaves, psychologist and artificial intelligence commentator Paul Duignan, and University of Auckland research associate Sarah Bickerton expressed concern that artificial intelligence could be used to spread misinformation and disinformation during the lead-up to the 2023 general election.[273] Similarly, Sanjana Hattotuwa of The Disinformation Project, Joshua Ferrer, and InternetNZ expressed concerns about microtargeting being used as a tool for spreading disinformation and facilitating foreign election interference online. By contrast, Victoria University political scientist Jack Vowles opposed calls to ban microtargeting and argued that microtargeting could be used for positive purposes such as promoting educational policies among teachers.[274]

In early August 2023, the Electoral Commission confirmed it was considering an investigation of controversial Stop Co-Governance organiser Julian Batchelor's pamphlets for allegedly breaching electoral advertising laws. Batchelor's pamphlets included a section telling people not to vote for parties which supported co-governance. Electoral law expert Graeme Edgeler opined that this section constituted an electoral advertisement. According to 1 News, the Electoral Commission had warned Batchelor that electoral adverts must have an official promoter statement, including a name and address. In response, Batchelor claimed that the infringement was "extremely minor" and would be hard to prove in court.[275]

In mid August, Stuff reported that several NZ First candidates including property and commercial lawyer Kirsten Murfitt, Auckland consultant Janina Massee, Matamata-Piako district councillor Caleb Ansell, and Kevin Stone had espoused COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and "plandemic" conspiracy theories, New World Order conspiracy theories, climate skepticism, QAnon, and homophobia. In response, party leader Winston Peters claimed that NZ First's candidate list was provisional and defended the party's candidate selection process.[276]

On 21 August, ACT candidate Elaine Naidu Franz resigned after 1 News uncovered a LinkedIn post likening COVID-19 vaccine mandates to concentration camps. ACT leader David Seymour described her comments as "unacceptable" and welcomed her decision to resign as an ACT candidate. A second ACT candidate Darren Gilchrist of Waikato apologised for a Telegram post claiming that COVID-19 vaccines contributed to a surge in drowning in 2021.[277] A third ACT candidate Anto Coates also resigned after describing COVID-19 as a mass hysteria and writing a parody song suggesting that former Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern had thought about sending people to gulags. Seymour defended ACT's candidate vetting process while Prime Minister Chris Hipkins and Te Pāti Māori co-leader Debbie Ngarewa-Packer accused the party of courting conspiracy theorists and being secretive respectively.[278]

On 7 September, the Labour Party removed a social media attack advertisement which falsely claimed that the National Party would end free public transport for disabled people. In truth, disabled "Total Mobility" users have never been eligible for free public transport or the half-price public transport fees announced in the 2023 New Zealand budget in mid-May 2023.[279]

On 18 September, Radio New Zealand reported that National's Hamilton East candidate Ryan Hamilton, a serving Hamilton City Councillor, had for two decades espoused anti-fluoridation and vaccine hesitancy views at odds with the National Party's positions on fluoridation and vaccination. Hamilton had also posted social media posts opposing COVID-19 vaccine mandates and alleging that the number of COVID-19 deaths had been inflated. In response to media coverage, National claimed that Hamilton had since changed his views on fluoridation.[280]

On 16 November, Victoria University of Wellington political scientist Mona Krewel's "New Zealand Social Media Study" found that misinformation and disinformation were not problematic in election campaigning during the 2023 general election. The study was based on an analysis of over 4,000 Facebook posts from political parties and their leaders during the five week period leading to 14 October. The Social Media Study found that fake news posts remained below 3% throughout the election campaign, with a weekly average of 2.6% over that five week period. Krewel's study also observed that various parties and politicians promoted "half truths" or "small lies" throughout the campaign. One notable example was the National Party claiming that the Ministry for Pacific Peoples had hosted breakfasts to promote Labour MPs. In truth the Ministry had held these breakfasts to explain the 2023 New Zealand budget to constituents.[281]

Polarisation and vandalism

The 2023 electoral campaign has been noted for its increased divisiveness, with a far more tense and discordant campaign than 2020.[282][283] Some political commentators, such as Henry Cooke, have written about heightened political polarisation.[284]

During the second of the three leaders' debates, as moderated by Paddy Gower on Three, Chris Hipkins read out a quote by Rob Ballantyne, the New Zealand First candidate for Rangitata,[285] that he described as explicitly racist. The quote said to Māori: "Cry if you want to, we don't care. You pushed it too far. We are the party with the cultural mandate and courage to cut out your disease and bury it permanently."[286] Hipkins then asked Christopher Luxon why he was willing to work with New Zealand First. Luxon responded by agreeing that the quote was racist, but said that he was "going to make the call [to Winston Peters on election night] if it means stopping you, Te Pati Māori and the Greens from coming to power."[286] Hipkins later committed to calling out racism and defending Te Tiriti, while accusing ACT and NZ First of race-baiting.[287] David Seymour condemned the statement while Ballantyne later claimed to journalist Tova O'Brien that he was talking about "elite" Māori.[286][288]

The widespread defacement of electoral billboards has caused concern. A billboard featuring Priyanca Radhakrishnan, who is defending Maungakiekie for Labour, was vandalised with misogynistic language.[289] Several billboards featuring Māori politicians have been defaced with racial slurs, including coon[290] and on one occasion nigger,[291] and the word "Māori" repeatedly cut out.[292] National Party billboards were also vandalised but not in overtly racist or misogynistic ways.[289]

On 29 September 17 Māori leaders including David Letele signed an open letter to National Party leader Christopher Luxon calling on him to "condemn the racist comments made by NZ First, condemn the race-baiting policies of the ACT Party, and commit himself to representing all of us, including Māori." In response, Luxon accused Labour leader Hipkins of creating a campaign built on fear and negativity. NZ First leader Winston Peters accused the letter writers of racism and reiterated his claims that co-governance was Apartheid. ACT leader David Seymour accused the signatories of making false accusations of racism while ignoring the alleged racism of the Māori Party. In response to Seymour's remarks, Te Pāti Māori co-leader Debbie Ngarewa-Packer accused Seymour of suffering from White Saviourism and of taking no responsibility for his alleged ignorance. In turn, Hipkins accused Luxon of exploiting race since he became National Party leader.[293]

On 5 October, while interviewing Greens co-leader James Shaw, journalist Tova O'Brien revealed that the Green candidate for Maungakiekie, Sapna Samant, had a history of racist tweets. These included "White people are stupid" and "can be fooled easily" and also called Labour Minister Priyanca Radhakrishnan "****ing useless [sic]" and an "incompetent" minister. Shaw was unaware of this and when asked if Samant was a good fit for the Green Party, Shaw said, from "what you're saying, it doesn't sound like it". She had also tweeted "Defund the police" which Shaw stated was not Green Party policy.[294]

Political violence and intimidation

There have also been several acts of political violence and intimidation. On 26 September, Angela Roberts, a list MP and the Labour Party candidate for Taranaki-King Country, was physically assaulted at a town hall meeting. At the Rotary Club in Inglewood, Taranaki, a man who was confronting Roberts "grabbed [her] shoulders" and shook her violently "in order to emphasise the point he was making" before slapping her across the face. Chris Hipkins spoke to the media and condemned the incident. He also addressed Labour MPs and candidates directly, saying that if they were "criticised for not going to that meeting because you don't feel safe going there, I will absolutely defend you doing that."[295] Roberts later said to RNZ "It feels like, incrementally, there is a growing acceptance of aggression in politics and our democratic processes. This must change." She thanked National MP Barbara Kuriger for reaching out to her after the incident.[296]

On 29 September, Hana-Rawhiti Maipi-Clarke, Te Pāti Māori's candidate for Hauraki-Waikato allegedly suffered a home invasion, in which her house was vandalised and a threatening letter was left behind. Te Pāti Māori put out a statement saying that the "premeditated and targeted attack" was "the latest of three incidents to take place at Hana's home just this week... to our knowledge, this is the first time in our history that a politician's home and personal property has been invaded to this extent." The party blamed "right-wing politicians [race-baiting] and [fearmongering] for votes" for emboldening the perpetrators.[297][298]

On 5 October, an elderly Pākehā/European New Zealander man alleged to be a well-known National Party campaigner was issued a trespass notice by police for allegedly intimidating Maipi-Clarke.[299] Police subsequently confirmed that they were investigating five reports about behaviour against Maipi-Clarke but did not believe that the incidents were racially motivated or coordinated. Detective Inspector Darrell Harpur confirmed that a person had been trespassed from Maipi-Clarke's Huntly home. While Police confirmed the theft of an election hoarding from Maipi-Clark's home, they clarified that the incident had been incorrectly reported as a ram raid rather than a theft. Police also confirmed they were investigating a related burglary and the threatening letter but were unable to establish any criminality. Te Pāti Māori president John Tamihere contested the Police statement and confirmed it would be filing a civil lawsuit against the elderly National Party campaigner following the 2023 election. In response to media coverage, the National Party defended the elderly campaigner and rejected assertions he had trespassed on Maipi-Clarke's property. National stated that the elderly Pakeha man had only wished to congratulate Maipi-Clarke for participating at a "meet the candidate event" but had left since Maipi-Clark was not at home.[300]

On 2 October, National's campaign chair Chris Bishop reported that several National Party candidates and volunteers had encountered several alleged incidents of intimidation, death threats, assaults including a candidate being forced to move houses, a dog attack, and at least one burglary. Bishop alleged that "malevolent actors" were attempting to disrupt the 2023 election and also claimed that the Mongrel Mob's endorsement of the Labour Party had placed National Party candidates and supporters at risk.[301] In one incident, National's Auckland Central candidate Mahesh Muralidhar, his partner, and several volunteers were illegally filmed by a member of the Head Hunters Motorcycle Club who uploaded the video on social media, where it attracted vitriol and abusive language from gang members including a senior Headhunter.[302][301] The National and ACT parties condemned threats and violence against political candidates as "unacceptable" and "disgraceful." National blamed the intimidation and violence on gang members while ACT urged people to report these incidents to the Police.[303]

Protests and disruptions

Members of the Freedoms New Zealand disrupted Labour leader Chris Hipkins' campaign visit to the Ōtara Markets on 20 August, a National Party press conference featuring leader Christopher Luxon and transport spokesperson Simeon Brown on 28 August, and the Labour Party's campaign launch on 2 September.[304][305][306] In early September 2023, The Disinformation Project's director Kate Hannah claimed that the disruptive activities of "fringe" parties were instigated by lobby groups. She also expressed concern that these disruptive activities would discourage public participation in the democratic process.[307]

Social media

On 8 September, The New Zealand Herald reported that several political parties including the National, Green, ACT, NZ First, and Labour parties were using the video-sharing platform TikTok to reach younger voters in the 18–24 age group, which accounted for 418,831 eligible voters. National launched its TikTok account in November 2022 with Labour following suit in September 2023. By September 2023, National had gained 54,000 TikTok followers, the Greens 13,400 followers, ACT 12,200 followers, and Labour 1,400 followers. Popular election-related TikTok content included interviews featuring ACT leader David Seymour and NZ First candidate Shane Jones' rendition of the song "Don't Stop Believing." During the lead-up to the election, TikTok added a pop-up directing New Zealand viewers searching for election-related content to the Electoral Commission's website.[308]

On 20 October, The Spinoff reported that several political parties had spent large sums on online advertisements on Meta Platforms' Ad Library (which appears on Facebook and Instagram) and Google. The highest spender was the ACT Party, which spent NZ$334,900 on Meta advertising and NZ$444,000 on Google advertising. The second highest spender was Labour, which spent NZ$250,400 on Meta advertising and NZ$66,000 on Google advertising. The third highest spender was National, which spent NZ$215,500 on Meta advertising and NZ$63,000 on Google advertising. Other parties advertising on Meta's platforms included Green Party (NZ$143,300), Te Pāti Māori (NZ$44,700), TOP (NZ$31,600), and NZ First (NZ$17,900). NZ First also spent NZ$44,400 on Google advertisements.[309]

On 21 October, Radio New Zealand estimated that National, Labour, ACT, the Greens, NZ First and Te Pāti Māori spent between NZ$1.5 and NZ$2.3 million on Meta and Google platforms including Facebook, Instagram, Google and YouTube in the three month period leading up to the 2023 election. The two major parties Labour and National focused on the economy. Labour also spent heavily on health advertising including on promoting its policy of free dental care for people under the age of 30 years. While National and ACT also spent heavily on crime-related advertising, the Greens were the only party to spend on climate change-related advertisements. During the final stages of the campaign, Labour published several attack advertisements targeting National leader Christopher Luxon. While most parties did not target gender segments, 81% of Green ads were viewed by women while 63% of ACT ads were viewed by men. NZ First targeted the over 65 age demographic.[310]

Ethnic engagement and representation

In mid September 2023, Ngaire Reid, the managing director of Reid Research, stated that Chinese New Zealanders along with Māori and Pasifika New Zealanders were often reluctant to participate in opinion polls, causing these ethnic communities to be underrepresented in opinion polling. Market research firm Trace Research director Andrew Zhu stated that opinion polls could help the Chinese community to feel more engaged in the political process. On 21 September, Trace Research published the results of a survey which found that 70.9% of ethnic Chinese voters supported the National Party, 13.4% supported ACT, 12.5% supported Labour, and 1.4% supported the Greens. Support for right-wing parties within the Chinese community rose in 2023 while support for Labour declined compared with the 2020 general election. Trace Research found that ethnic Chinese voters were most concerned with rising living costs, law and order, economic growth, racial equality and healthcare.[311]

In early October, Radio New Zealand reported that several young Asian voters were concerned that Asian communities were not being heard in the 2023 election and that there was a lack of "meaningful" engagement with political parties. Key issues among Asian voters included health, employment, the economy, and income equality.[312]

On 4 October, Radio New Zealand reported that a record number of Indian New Zealanders were standing as candidates in the 2023 general election across the political spectrum. National had five ethnic Indian candidates, ACT four, Labour two, and the Greens two. Notable ethnic Indian candidates included ACT's Pakuranga candidate Parmjeet Parmar, National's Auckland Central candidate Mahesh Muralidhar, and Labour Maungakiekie MP Priyanca Radhakrishnan.[313]

Opinion polls

Graph of opinion polls conducted; smoothing is set to span = 0.65

Several polling firms have conducted opinion polls during the term of the 53rd New Zealand Parliament (2020–present) for the 2023 general election. The regular polls are the quarterly polls produced by Television New Zealand (1 News) conducted by Verian (formerly known as Colmar Brunton and Kantar Public) and Discovery New Zealand (Newshub) conducted by Reid Research, along with monthly polls by Roy Morgan Research, and by Curia (Taxpayers' Union). The sample size, margin of error and confidence interval of each poll varies by organisation and date.

Seat projections

The use of mixed-member proportional representation allows ready conversion of a party's support into a party vote percentage and therefore a number of seats in Parliament. Projections generally assume no material change to the electorate seats held by each party (ACT retains Epsom, Greens retain Auckland Central, Māori retains Waiariki, etc.). Parties that do not hold an electorate seat and poll below 5% are assumed to win zero seats.

When determining the scenarios for the overall result, the minimum parties necessary to form majority governments are listed (provided parties have indicated openness to working together). Actual governments formed may include other parties beyond the minimum required for a majority; this happened after the 2014 election, when National only needed one seat from another party to reach a 61-seat majority, but instead chose to form a 64-seat government with Māori, ACT and United Future.[314]

On 19 November 2022, New Zealand First leader Winston Peters ruled out a coalition with Labour, claiming "No one gets to lie to me twice".[315] In April 2023, National leader Christopher Luxon commented that it would be "highly unlikely" that National would form a government with Te Pāti Māori or the Greens; however, a spokesperson later clarified Luxon had not "intended to fully rule out working" with either party. At the time, Te Pāti Māori was largely seen as the kingmaker in the upcoming election.[316] Furthermore, Te Pāti Māori may not be prepared to support a National-led government that includes the ACT Party, as Te Pāti Māori has repeatedly accused the ACT Party of race baiting over co-governance and its calls for a referendum on the Treaty of Waitangi.[317] On 10 May, Luxon officially ruled out forming a coalition with Te Pāti Māori.[318] On 27 August, Labour leader Chris Hipkins ruled out New Zealand First as a possible coalition partner.[319]

  1. ^ Forecasted seats are calculated using the Electoral Commission's MMP seat allocation calculator, based on polling results.

Voting

Overseas voting opened on 27 September with overseas voters having until 7:00 pm on 14 October (New Zealand time; UTC+13) to cast their vote. 74 voting locations were established overseas including 10 in Australia, four in China, four in the United States, and one in the United Kingdom. Overseas voters were also given the option of downloading their voting papers from "vote.nz," and uploading it onto the website. By 27 September, the Electoral Commission confirmed that 78,000 voters had overseas addresses.[328]

EasyVote packs were sent to voters starting in late September 2023. These packs contain the voter's personalised EasyVote card, which is used by polling booth staff to help identify and locate the voter on the electoral roll. The packs also contain a list of candidates and a list of voting places and opening times.[329]

On 4 October, Stuff reported that an estimated 1.4 million eligible voters had not yet received their EasyVote pack. While the Commission emphasised that voters did not need an EasyVote card to vote, delays in posting the cards to households had caused concern. In response, Hipkins confirmed that the Labour Party's general secretary had raised the issue with the Electoral Commission.[329] In addition, all EasyVote packs for Epsom, Mount Albert and Pakuranga had to be reprinted after a quality assurance check found several packs containing misprinted voting place lists, delaying delivery in these electorates.[330]

Advance voting began on 2 October 2023, with 1,376,366 advance votes cast. This was significantly down on the 2020 general election, in which 1,976,996 votes were cast in advance, but still ahead of the 1,240,740 advance votes cast for the 2017 election.[331]

On 6 October, Radio New Zealand reported that 2,600 polling booths would be set up across New Zealand for the 2023 general election. While 800 of these booths would open early, 265 would not be open on polling day. Of those booths only open during advance voting, 61 were located in rural electorates while 204 were situated in regional and urban electorates. In response, the Electoral Commission issued a statement that the opening days and times of individual polling booths were determined by several factors including agreements with the individual location, staffing levels, and local demand.[332]

Following election day, Te Pāti Māori president John Tamihere and Dave Letele criticised the Electoral Commission for alleged "unacceptable" treatment of Māori voters at polling booths including reports of long queues, enrolled voters being told to cast special votes, insufficient ballot forms, and voters being incorrectly told that they could not vote if they did not have an EasyVote card.[333]

Results

Preliminary results were gradually released after polling booths closed at 7:00 pm on 14 October. The Electoral Commission aimed to have 50% of votes counted by 10:00 pm and 95% counted by 11:30 pm. The preliminary count only included ordinary votes (approximately 2.2 million); it did not include the 603,257 special votes,[334] which can take up to 10 days to be returned to their correct electorate and need to be approved before they are counted. The polling booth rolls will also be compiled into a master roll to ensure nobody has voted more than once. Official results, including special votes and a recount of the ordinary votes, were released by the Electoral Commission on 3 November 2023, 20 days after the election.[335]

Compared to the preliminary results, the official results showed the National Party had dropped two seats, meaning that it no longer had a majority with ACT, and must obtain the support of NZ First in order to form a government. The Māori Party took two more electorate seats, one of which was won by a margin of four votes.[336]

Map of the plurality party vote in each electorate
Map of party vote by left/right bloc split

Detailed results

Electorate results

Party affiliation of winning electorate candidates.
Party affiliation of winning electorate candidates.

The table below shows the results of the electorate vote in the 2023 general election:

Key

  Labour
  National
  Green
  ACT
  Te Pāti Māori
  NZ First
  Opportunities
  Vision NZ
  Legalise Cannabis
  Outdoors
  Independent

List results

The following list candidates were elected:

MPs who lost their seats

Andrew Little was elected as a Labour Party list MP but resigned, effective from 5 December, after Labour lost the election. Unsuccessful Ikaroa-Rāwhiti candidate Meka Whaitiri had held office as an independent (previously Labour Party) but contested the election for Te Pāti Māori.

New MPs

Based on preliminary results, 40 candidates who had never been in parliament before were returned. Of those, 21 were from National,[340] 2 from Labour,[340] 7 from the Greens,[341] 4 from ACT,[341] 2 from Te Pāti Māori,[342] and 4 from NZ First.[343] Based on preliminary results, parliament had 122 representatives, i.e. nearly one-third of the members were to be newcomers.[344]

When the final results were released on 3 November, there were some changes. Te Pāti Māori had taken two additional electorates from Labour, and both Te Pāti Māori politicians (Takutai Moana Kemp and Mariameno Kapa-Kingi) were new to parliament; the beaten Labour candidates (Peeni Henare and Kelvin Davis remained in parliament via the Labour list.[345] The Green Party gained a higher share of the vote, giving it an additional list seat that was going to a newcomer (Kahurangi Carter).[344] Two electorates where the preliminary results indicated success for National Party newcomers (Blair Cameron and Angee Nicholas) reverted to the Labour Party incumbents (Rachel Boyack and Phil Twyford). This meant that two other Labour candidates (Tracey McLellan and Shanan Halbert) who, based on preliminary results had gained list seats, were ultimately unsuccessful.[344] Recounts were requested for three electorates and they were completed by 15 November, with the outcomes not changing.[346] With National having lost two new MPs, and Te Pāti Māori and the Greens having gained two and one new MPs, respectively, the number of new MPs increased to 41.

The 2023 general election finished with the 2023 Port Waikato by-election, which was won by Andrew Bayly. As Bayly had previously been confirmed as a list MP, this gained the National Party another list MP (Nancy Lu – a first-time MP). The situation also created an additional overhang seat, with parliament now having 123 seats and 42 new MPs, meaning that one-third of the members are newcomers.[347] As Lu's return to parliament was practically confirmed due to Bayly's strong position, she was part of the induction process for new MPs in early November.[348]

Voter turnout

Overall turnout for the general election was 78.2%. This is down from the turnout of 82.2% in the 2020 general election. Turnout among Māori was 70.3%, down from 72.9% in the 2020 general election.[349]

On 21 October, Stuff reported that voter turnout in New Zealand prisons were low, citing data released by the Electoral Commission. Under the New Zealand law, prisoners on remand or serving prison sentences less than three years (totalling 5,593 individuals) are eligible to vote. At Invercargill Prison, 16 prisoners on the general roll voted for Labour, three for National, three for ACT, one for NZ First, and one for NZ Loyal. At the Otago Corrections Facility, 9 voted for Labour, one for National, and one for the Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party (ALCP). In Waikeria Prison, four voted for Labour, two for National, one for NZ First, and one for the Leighton Baker Party.[350]

Stuff also surveyed the voting behaviour of prisoners on the Māori roll from the Auckland Region Women's Corrections Facility, the Serco-run Auckland South Corrections Facility, Arohata Prison, and Invercargill Prison. Eight prisoners at Auckland Regional prison voted for Labour, one for the ALCP, and one for Te Pāti Māori (TPM). At the Auckland South Corrections Facility, Labour received six votes, TPM two votes, and ALCP one vote. At Arohata Prison, five voted for Labour and three for TPM. At Invercargil Prison, seven prisoners on the Māori roll voted for Labour, two for ALCP, two for NZ First, two for TPM, and one for National.[350]

Post-election events

Resignations of members

On 17 October 2023, Labour's Andrew Little announced his retirement from politics,[351] and his resignation took effect on 5 December.[352] Since Little did not hold an electorate seat, his list position of 12th was enough to get him into parliament.[351] Following Little's resignation, Camilla Belich was declared elected as an MP on 6 December.[353]

2023 Port Waikato by-election

The electorate contest in Port Waikato was cancelled because the ACT New Zealand candidate died during the general election voting period.[354][355] A by-election to fill this vacancy was held on 25 November 2023.[355] Andrew Bayly was elected as the MP switching from a list MP to an electorate MP. This allowed National to gain one extra List MP with Nancy Lu becoming the 123rd MP in addition to the 122 already elected.[355][356]

Local body by-elections

Three local government by-elections have been called as a result of incumbent local body politicians resigning from their previous roles due to their election to Parliament.

Marlborough District councillor and incoming New Zealand First list MP Jamie Arbuckle told media after the election he would not resign from his council position until October 2024, by which point a by-election would not be required due to the proximity of the 2025 local elections.[361]

Ethnic representation

In late October 2023, Radio New Zealand reported that Pasifika New Zealanders were under-represented in the incoming Sixth National Government. While the outgoing Labour Government had 12 Pasifika MPs over the previous two terms, National's two Pasifika candidates Angee Nicholas and Agnes Loheni, were based in marginal seats or ranked too lowly on the party list to be elected into Parliament.[362] Following the release of final results on 3 November, Nicholas lost her Te Atatū electorate to Labour's Phil Twyford by a margin of 131 votes whilst Loheni was ranked too low on the list, (25), to get into parliament. As a result, the incoming National-led government lacked a single Pasifika MP.[363]

Vote counting errors

On 7 November 2023, The New Zealand Herald reported that three booths in the Port Waikato and Ilam electorates had mistakenly assigned hundreds of votes to the Leighton Baker Party and the New Conservatives Party. This affected votes which had been cast for the National, Labour, Greens, NZ First parties and Te Pāti Māori. The Electoral Commission subsequently admitted that a data entry error had resulted in this mistake. The Commission also launched a full check of all voting place results to investigate if there were more transcription errors.[364]

On 9 November, the Electoral Commission admitted that 15 voting places had data entry errors, and that more than 700 votes were left off the final vote announced on 3 November. The Commission also said that the final checks of party, electorate and special votes had not affected overall results or allocation of seats in Parliament. Due to these corrections, 693 extra party votes and 708 candidate votes were included in the overall result. The overall turnout for the 2023 election remained at 78.2%.[365]

In response to several reported incidents of vote counting errors at polling booths, the Auditor General John Ryan commenced a review into various aspects of the quality assurance processes for the vote count during the 2023 general election.[366] On 7 May 2024, the Auditor-General Ryan's investigation found that the final check of the official election hours had been done in a few hours under extreme pressure on the day of its official announcement on 3 November 2023; which would normally take two days. This rushed assessment failed to identify multiple errors in the official results. Ryan also found that several apparent dual votes had been included in the official count. He made several recommendations to the Electoral Commission including reviewing vote counting procedures, the staff recruitment process, hardware requirements and information technology systems.[367]

Judicial recounts

On 8 November 2023, the District Court of New Zealand received three applications for judicial recounts of 2023 election results in three marginal electorates. Labour sought a judicial recount for Tāmaki Makaurau where their candidate Peeni Henare had been unseated by Māori Party candidate Takutai Moana Kemp by a margin of four votes. In addition, National sought judicial recounts for Nelson and Mount Albert, where their candidates Blair Cameron and Melissa Lee trailed close behind their respective Labour candidates after the final count, by 29 and 20 votes respectively.[368][369]

On 10 November, the Electoral Commission confirmed that Labour MP Rachel Boyack had retained Nelson by a margin of 26 votes, three votes smaller than the final vote results on 3 November.[370] On 15 November, the Electoral Commission confirmed that Helen White had retained Mount Albert for Labour by 18 votes (two fewer than the final vote results) and that Takutai Moana Kemp had unseated Peeni Henare in Tāmaki Makaurau by 42 votes (38 more than the final vote results).[371]

Alleged treating

On 9 November, the Electoral Commission confirmed that it was investigating allegations that food was served to voters at Manurewa Marae in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate. Under New Zealand electoral law, serving food to voters in order to influence their vote is illegal and considered a form of treating. Māori Party candidate Takutai Moana Kemp is the CEO of Manurewa Marae. Māori Party president John Tamihere rejected allegations that food was served to voters to influence their votes, describing them as "innuendo" and "without evidence."[372]

Return of the writ and first meeting of Parliament

On 16 November, following the completion of the judicial recounts, the writ was returned to the Clerk of the House of Representatives, along with the declaration of MPs elected from party lists.[373]

Per Section 19 of the Constitution Act 1986, the latest possible date for the first meeting of the 54th Parliament is 28 December (six weeks following the return of the writ).[374]

Data breach allegations

On 2 June 2024, Stuff journalist Andrea Vance reported that Statistics New Zealand was investigating several allegations by former staff at Manurewa Marae that Te Pāti Māori had illegally used 2023 New Zealand census data to target Māori electorate voters in the Tāmaki Makaurau electorate during the 2023 election, and that participants were given supermarket vouchers, wellness packs and food parcels to encourage them to fill out census forms and switch to the Māori electoral roll. The party's candidate Moana Kemp had won Tāmaki Makaurau during the 2023 election. A whistleblower from the Ministry of Social Development had alerted Statistics NZ and the Police. In response, Te Pāti Māori leader Tamihere denied the allegations and claimed that they were made by disgruntled complainants. Tamihere said that the marae had been working with the Whānau Ora Commissioning Agency to promote Māori participation in the 2023 census. Tamihere also acknowledged that marae workers had given gifts to encourage people to participate in the 2023 Census and switch to the Māori roll.[375]

On 5 June, Vance reported that the Labour Party had filed a complaint against Te Pāti Māori in November 2023 for allegedly using personal information collected during the COVID-19 immunisation programme for political campaigning purposes during the 2023 election, which is illegal under New Zealand electoral law. Labour's complaint alleged that Māori voters in Auckland had received two text messages from the text code 2661 urging them to vote for Te Pāti Māori. 2661 was registered with the Waipareira Trust, which is led by Te Pāti Māori President Tamihere.[376] In response, Labour leader Chris Hipkins, ACT leader David Seymour, Prime Minister Christopher Luxon called for an investigation into the data breach allegations.[377][378] The Privacy Commissioner also confirmed that Statistics NZ had alerted it to a potential privacy breach during its investigation. Chief statistician Mark Sowden also called for anyone with information to contact Statistics NZ.[378] In response to the second allegations, Tamihere denounced the allegations as baseless and alleged that the party was being smeared by opponents for speaking up for Māori. Tamihere also accused Destiny Church leader Brian Tamaki and his followers of attempting to take over Manurewa Marae.[379]

On 7 June, Te Pāti Māori co-leaders Waititi and Ngarewa-Packer called for an urgent Police investigation into the data breach allegations made against Te Pāti Māori. Police confirmed they were already investigating complaints they had received.[380] That same day, acting Public Service Commissioner Heather Baggott convened a meeting with the heads of the Statistics New Zealand, the Ministry of Health, Te Whatu Ora (Health New Zealand), the Ministry of Social Development, the Ministry of Justice, the Department of Internal Affairs, Te Puni Kōkiri (Ministry for Māori Development), Oranga Tamariki (Ministry for Children) and the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, the Police and Electoral Commission to ensure that all relevant agencies were investigating the data breach allegations[381]

Alleged election advertising breach

In late June 2024, the Electoral Commission referred Green MP Darleen Tana and the publishers of Verve Magazine to Police for allegedly failing to include a promoter statement in an election advertisement published in May 2023. Tana had earlier been suspended by her party over her knowledge and involvement in alleged migrant exploitation by her husband's bike company.[382]

Reactions

Domestic

Hipkins conceded to Luxon on election night and congratulated Luxon for his victory.[383]

Veteran TVNZ broadcaster John Campbell described Labour's failure as being rooted in the party's refusal to back a capital gains tax, which he blamed on "what appears to have been truly useless focus group information", their decision not to fully implement any recommendations advised by the official Welfare Expert Advisory Group ahead of the election, and a sense of self-assurance that the election was "unloseable", leading to an "inexplicably lifeless" campaign. He noted that out of the 1.06 million eligible voters who did not vote, most statistically were renters from the youngest demographics, and claimed that National had efficiently mobilised support for landlords in a way Labour had failed to do for tenants. Campbell also pointed that the enrolment rate in the country's wealthiest electorate, the safe ACT seat of Epsom for 18-to-24 year olds was 85%, compared to a mere 46% in the safe Labour seat of Māngere. Campbell concluded: "Labour couldn't mobilise young people in the country's poorest electorates to do the same thing [that National did with landlords]. That's on Labour. And it's a terrible failure".[384]

International

Australia's prime minister Anthony Albanese congratulated Luxon on his victory and thanked Hipkins for his service, describing Hipkins as his friend.[385] Opposition Leader and Liberal Party of Australia (the main centre-right, liberal conservative party) leader Peter Dutton also congratulated Luxon for his victory.[386] Cook Islands' prime minister Mark Brown called Luxon to congratulate him for his victory.[387] India's prime minister Narendra Modi congratulated Luxon for his party's win.[388] Singapore's prime minister Lee Hsien-Loong congratulated Luxon for his victory.[389] Ukraine's president Volodymyr Zelenskyy thanked Hipkins for his support for Ukraine and congratulated Luxon on his victory.[390] Elon Musk congratulated Luxon.[391]

Government formation

Following the release of preliminary results on 14 October, National began coalition negotiations with both ACT and New Zealand First.[392][393] Christopher Luxon stated that he would be conducting these negotiations privately and would not confirm his stance on policies such as ACT's proposed referendum on Māori co-governance.[392] Following the release of final results on 3 November, National's seat count dropped from 50 to 48, depriving a two-party arrangement between National and ACT of the 62 seats needed for a majority government, thus making the support of New Zealand First necessary to command a parliamentary majority.[394]

On 8 November, ACT and NZ First made first contact in their coalition talks during a meeting between ACT's chief of staff Andrew Ketels and NZ First's chief of staff Darroch Ball. This introductory meeting was meant "to establish a line of communication" between the two parties. In addition, the National and NZ First parties conducted high-level negotiation talks in Wellington that same week.[395] Following the release of final results, ACT leader David Seymour attempted to contact NZ First leader Peters via text message but he had mistaken it for a scam.[396] On 9 November, Seymour expressed hope that coalition negotiations and government formation would be completed before an upcoming APEC meeting in mid-November 2023.[397]

Amidst coalition talks, the outgoing Labour Government remained in a caretaker capacity. On 10 November, Hipkins and Luxon agreed to advise Governor-General Cindy Kiro to prolong the caretaker government arrangement until the conclusion of coalition talks.[398]

On 13 November, Luxon said it was unlikely he would go to APEC due to prioritising a government coalition.[399]

On 15 November, Luxon, Seymour and Peters met at Pullman Hotel's boardroom in Auckland. It was the first time the three leaders had met since the election.[400][401]

On 20 November, Luxon confirmed that National had reached an agreement on policy positions with ACT and New Zealand First. In response to Luxon's announcement, Peters stated that it was an "assumption" to state that a policy agreement had been reached.[402][403] In addition, Seymour said "that Luxon had maybe had too many Weet-Bix that day." Seymour also opined that ACT as the second largest party in the coalition should hold the position of Deputy Prime Minister and have more ministerial portfolios than NZ First.[404] That same day, the three parties entered into talks about allocating cabinet ministerial positions.[403][404] On 21 November, Luxon met with Seymour to discuss ministerial portfolios.[405]

Coalition negotiations between the three parties concluded on the afternoon of 23 November. That same day Luxon, Seymour and Peters met in Wellington to finalise the agreement between National, ACT, and NZ First.[406][407] The terms of the coalition agreement were unveiled on 24 November 2023.[408]

See also

Notes

  1. ^ Two overhang seats are added due to Te Pāti Māori winning more Māori electorate seats than total seats distributed among MMP, and one due to the death of a candidate in Port Waikato, triggering the 2023 Port Waikato by-election.
  2. ^ The by-election was won by National's Andrew Bayly.
  3. ^ As ONE Party
  4. ^ Initially scheduled to include Labour and National leaders Chris Hipkins and Christopher Luxon. After Hipkins tested positive for COVID-19 on 1 October, Luxon pulled out of the debate and no alternative date could be agreed upon.[265]
  5. ^ Formerly known as ONE Party.

References

  1. ^ "ACT Party Port Waikato candidate Neil Christensen dies". RNZ. 9 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  2. ^ Cheng, Derek (9 October 2023). "Election 2023: Act candidate Neil Christensen dies, by-election to be held for Port Waikato". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 9 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  3. ^ Sommerville, Troels (15 October 2023). "'Devastating defeat': How the world reacted to the New Zealand election result". Stuff. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  4. ^ "Jacinda Ardern, Helen Clark's former seat nearly goes to National". 1 News. Archived from the original on 17 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  5. ^ "Nanaia Mahuta unseated by 21-year-old newcomer Hana Maipi-Clarke". 1 News. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  6. ^ "'You have reached for hope and you have voted for change': PM-in waiting Luxon says time to turn NZ around". NZ Herald. 16 October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  7. ^ "National and Act lose majority in final vote count". Newsroom. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  8. ^ "Coalition deal: Peters to be deputy prime minister first, followed by Seymour". 1 News. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  9. ^ "Christopher Luxon sworn in as New Zealand's new prime minister". TVNZ. 1News. 27 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  10. ^ "New Zealand Election Results". ElectionResults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 17 June 2020. Retrieved 27 November 2020.
  11. ^ "National 'back in business': National's Sam Uffindell Tauranga's next MP". NZ Herald. 15 September 2023. Archived from the original on 26 July 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  12. ^ "Hamilton West by-election official results". elections.nz. New Zealand Electoral Commission. 21 December 2022. Archived from the original on 22 December 2022. Retrieved 22 January 2023.
  13. ^ McClure, Tess (30 November 2021). "New Zealand's National party anoints ex-airline boss Chris Luxon as leader". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  14. ^ McClure, Tess (22 January 2023). "New Zealand: Chris Hipkins taking over from Jacinda Ardern on Wednesday". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  15. ^ "What is MMP?". Elections. Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  16. ^ "How are electoral boundaries decided?". Elections.nz. Electoral Commission. Retrieved 1 October 2021.
  17. ^ "What is the MMP voting system?". Parliament.nz. Electoral Commission. 27 May 2020. Archived from the original on 9 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  18. ^ "Vote in elections". Parliament.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  19. ^ "Clutha Election for January 18". The Press. Vol. XCVI, no. 28452. 5 December 1957. p. 16. Archived from the original on 18 February 2022. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  20. ^ Hehir, Liam (11 August 2020). "Why an absolute majority is absolutely possible for Labour". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  21. ^ "What happens in a general election?". Elections.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  22. ^ "2020 General Election writ returned | Elections". Elections.nz. 20 November 2020. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  23. ^ "Electoral Act 1993, Sec. 125". Legislation.govt.nz. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 18 May 2021.
  24. ^ a b "Electoral Act 1993, Sec. 139". Legislation.co.nz. 2 July 2020. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 17 August 2020.
  25. ^ "How are general election votes counted?". Elections.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  26. ^ Wilson, John (4 June 2021). "The 2020 General Election and referendums: results, analysis, and demographics of the 53rd Parliament" (PDF). New Zealand Parliament. Parliamentary Library. p. 26. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 October 2021. Retrieved 3 October 2021.
  27. ^ Braae, Alex (22 October 2020). "A tale of two minor parties: Lessons for 2023 for TOP and the New Conservatives". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 22 October 2020. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  28. ^ "Election 2020: Matthew Hooton: National set for third defeat in 2023". The New Zealand Herald. 20 December 2022. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 8 December 2020.
  29. ^ "Our wildest political predictions for 2023". The Spinoff. 20 December 2022. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  30. ^ Neilson, Michael (28 December 2022). "Te Pāti Māori not picking sides ahead of 2023 election, signal 'exciting' candidate at Waitangi campaign launch". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  31. ^ Manch, Thomas (9 January 2023). "The year ahead: Labour Party to shore up its position for the 2023 election". Stuff. Archived from the original on 8 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  32. ^ Edwards, Bryce (6 January 2023). "Bryce Edwards: Can the Greens keep it together in 2023?". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 9 January 2023. Retrieved 9 January 2023.
  33. ^ "The year that could be: Stuff's political predictions for 2023". Stuff. 31 December 2022. Archived from the original on 4 January 2023. Retrieved 4 January 2023.
  34. ^ "Ardern announces date for next election as she resigns". 1 News. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
  35. ^ "About the 2023 General Election". Vote NZ. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023. Retrieved 19 January 2023.
  36. ^ "What is the Māori Electoral Option?". Vote NZ. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023. Retrieved 3 April 2023.
  37. ^ "prefu-befu and what it means for your interest rates". Stuff/Fairfax. 2023. Archived from the original on 18 September 2023. Retrieved 18 September 2023.
  38. ^ a b McKay, Ben (31 August 2023). "Voice referendum lands on New Zealand election day". Australian Associated Press. National Indigenous Times. Archived from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  39. ^ a b McKay, Ben (30 August 2023). "Voice referendum lands on New Zealand election day". Australian Associated Press. The Canberra Times. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  40. ^ "Birthplace | Australia | Community profile". Australian Bureau of Statistics. Informed Decisions. Archived from the original on 27 March 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023. Attribution Notice: This material was compiled and presented by .id (informed decisions). https://id.com.au. This material is a derivative of ABS Data that can be accessed from the website of the Australian Bureau of Statistics at www.abs.gov.au, and which data can be licensed on terms published on the ABS website
  41. ^ Electoral Act 1993, section 63.
  42. ^ "Political parties in New Zealand". Elections.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 24 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  43. ^ "Amendment to the Register of Political Parties". Electoral Commission. 5 May 2021. Archived from the original on 6 May 2021. Retrieved 6 May 2021.
  44. ^ "Amendment to the Register of Political Parties". New Zealand Electoral Commission. 19 August 2021. Archived from the original on 1 September 2021. Retrieved 1 September 2021.
  45. ^ "Amendment to the Register of Political Parties". New Zealand Electoral Commission. 15 December 2021. Archived from the original on 22 December 2021. Retrieved 23 December 2021.
  46. ^ "Amendment to the Register of Political Parties". New Zealand Electoral Commission. 21 September 2022. Archived from the original on 5 October 2022. Retrieved 5 October 2022.
  47. ^ "Amendment to Party Register". New Zealand Electoral Commission. 28 February 2023. Archived from the original on 1 March 2023. Retrieved 1 March 2023.
  48. ^ "Amendment to party register". New Zealand Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 21 June 2023. Retrieved 22 June 2023.
  49. ^ "Animal Justice Party". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  50. ^ "Women's Rights Party". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  51. ^ "National MP Jacqui Dean to leave Parliament after election". Radio New Zealand. 20 May 2022. Archived from the original on 14 October 2022.
  52. ^ Ensor, Jamie (26 July 2022). "National: David Bennett, Ian McKelvie to stand down at 2023 election". Newshub. Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand. Archived from the original on 12 December 2022.
  53. ^ "Senior Green Party MP Jan Logie announces she won't stand in 2023 election". Newshub. Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand. 5 December 2022. Archived from the original on 5 December 2022.
  54. ^ Ensor, Jamie (13 December 2022). "Labour MP retirements: Poto Williams, David Clark, Paul Eagle among those resigning". Newshub. Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand. Archived from the original on 14 December 2022.
  55. ^ Gibbs, Tatiana (21 December 2022). "Green MP Eugenie Sage to step down at next election". Stuff. Archived from the original on 1 January 2023.
  56. ^ "Jacinda Ardern to resign as prime minister in February". Radio New Zealand. 19 January 2023. Archived from the original on 19 January 2023.
  57. ^ Iasona, Seni (17 March 2023). "Ex-National leader, Bay of Plenty MP Todd Muller announces retirement". Newshub. Archived from the original on 16 March 2023.
  58. ^ Ling, Jenny (17 March 2023). "Whangārei MP Emily Henderson announces retirement from politics at upcoming election". The Northern Advocate. NZME. Archived from the original on 18 March 2023.
  59. ^ Ensor, Jamie (3 April 2023). "Stuart Nash to stand down from politics at election". Newshub. Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand. Archived from the original on 3 April 2023.
  60. ^ "Elizabeth Kerekere resigns from Green Party, to sit as independent MP". Newshub. Archived from the original on 5 May 2023. Retrieved 5 May 2023.
  61. ^ "ACT releases candidate list, MP James McDowall to retire". Stuff. 16 July 2023. Archived from the original on 12 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  62. ^ "ACT MP Damien Smith not seeking re-election". Radio New Zealand. 11 July 2023. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 11 July 2023.
  63. ^ Glenn McConnell (25 July 2023). "Kiri Allan won't stand for re-election". Stuff.co.nz. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 25 July 2023.
  64. ^ "Tāmati Coffey Labour's candidate for East Coast electorate after Allan resignation". NZ Herald. 2 November 2023. Retrieved 1 November 2023.
  65. ^ Whyte, Anna (2 August 2022). "National's Gerry Brownlee goes list-only for 2023 election". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 24 January 2023.
  66. ^ Coughlan, Thomas (26 January 2023). "Speaker Adrian Rurawhe will not contest seat, going list only". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 13 February 2023.
  67. ^ "Finance Minister Grant Robertson not contesting Wellington Central in 2023 election". Newshub. 27 January 2023. Archived from the original on 12 February 2023.
  68. ^ "James Shaw exits Wellington Central race, backs Tamatha Paul as Green candidate". The Spinoff. 2 February 2023. Archived from the original on 4 February 2023. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
  69. ^ "Green Party co-leader Marama Davidson makes announcement about election plans". Newshub. 14 April 2023. Archived from the original on 14 April 2023. Retrieved 14 April 2023.
  70. ^ Coughlan, Thomas (18 January 2023). "National raises 'unprecedented' $2.3m war chest from richlist donors before election year". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 17 January 2023. Retrieved 18 January 2023.
  71. ^ Coughlan, Thomas (1 May 2023). "Left wing Greens endorse Elizabeth Kerekere, despite investigation". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 2 May 2023. Retrieved 2 May 2023.
  72. ^ Pearse, Adam (23 June 2023). "Hollywood director James Cameron donates to Greens as party surges ahead of Labour". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 22 June 2023. Retrieved 26 June 2023.
  73. ^ "No significant donations to the Labour Party from businesses over two years". Radio New Zealand. 14 September 2023. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  74. ^ Hancock, Farah (18 September 2023). "Billionaire Graeme Hart's $700k in donations to right wing parties". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  75. ^ a b Hancock, Farah (29 July 2024). "Why New Zealand political donations have more than tripled". RNZ. Archived from the original on 29 July 2024. Retrieved 3 August 2024.
  76. ^ Electoral Act 1993, section 197.
  77. ^ a b "About election advertising". Elections. Archived from the original on 27 June 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  78. ^ "2020 Broadcasting Allocation Decision Released". Elections.nz. Electoral Commission. 29 May 2020. Archived from the original on 6 August 2020. Retrieved 9 September 2020.
  79. ^ "2023 broadcasting allocation decision". Elections. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  80. ^ Griffiths, Ethan (31 May 2023). "Sue Grey and Brian Tamaki launch High Court action over election campaign funding". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 3 June 2023. Retrieved 6 June 2023.
  81. ^ Fuller, Piers (17 July 2023). "High Court dismisses fringe parties' bid for review of electoral funding". Stuff. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  82. ^ a b "Second variation to 2023 broadcasting allocation". Electoral Commission. 8 September 2023.
  83. ^ "Ratecard for TVNZ 1 and TVNZ 2 – 10/09/2023 – 13/01/2024" (PDF). TVNZ Sales. 13 September 2023. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  84. ^ "Ratecard for Three and Bravo – Q4 2023 and January 2024" (PDF). Warner Bros Discovery New Zealand. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
  85. ^ "Advertising terms and conditions" (PDF). TVNZ. 10 June 2020. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 December 2021. Retrieved 13 September 2020.
  86. ^ "Register of promoters for 2023 General Election". Elections. Archived from the original on 27 June 2023. Retrieved 27 June 2023.
  87. ^ "National decries CTU attack ads targeting Christopher Luxon". Radio New Zealand. 4 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  88. ^ "Election 2023: Don Brash's Hobson's Pledge returns fire with attack ad taking aim at Chris Hipkins". Newshub. 23 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  89. ^ Hancock, Farah (26 February 2024). "$2m surge in election campaign spending by third-party groups". RNZ. Archived from the original on 29 March 2024. Retrieved 15 July 2024.
  90. ^ a b c d e Malpass, Luke (27 May 2023). "Professionals, true believers and mad men: the teams behind the election campaigns". The Post. Archived from the original on 26 May 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  91. ^ Manhire, Toby (11 May 2023). "National and Labour are sharpening up campaign attack lines". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  92. ^ Desmarais, Felix (27 May 2023). "Labour announces first election policy: Keeping Super age at 65". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 27 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  93. ^ Pearse, Adam (27 May 2023). "'Scaremongering': National slams Labour's commitment to Super age, winter energy payment". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 27 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  94. ^ Whyte, Anna (28 May 2023). "Chris Hipkins promises to keep apprenticeship scheme". Stuff. Archived from the original on 28 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  95. ^ "Hipkins rules out capital gains tax, wealth tax if Labour re-elected". Radio New Zealand. 12 July 2023. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  96. ^ "Chris Hipkins reveals Labour's 2023 election slogan". 1 News. TVNZ. 16 July 2023. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  97. ^ Neilson, Michael; Pearse, Adam (18 July 2023). "Election 2023: PM Chris Hipkins, Kelvin Davis announce youth crime package, high needs units to be built and safer and 'more secure' measures in place". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  98. ^ Pearse, Adam (17 July 2023). "PM Chris Hipkins reveals new Govt youth crime policy as Kiri Allan returns". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  99. ^ "New ram-raid offence to hold 10-year maximum sentence – Hipkins". 1 News. TVNZ. 19 July 2023. Archived from the original on 22 July 2023. Retrieved 22 July 2023.
  100. ^ Desmarais, Felix (31 July 2023). "Who's up, who's down? Labour Party reveals 2023 list". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 5 August 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  101. ^ Ensor, Jamie (31 July 2023). "Election 2023: Labour list rankings revealed – big promotions for new ministers, huge demotions for old". Newshub. Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 5 August 2023.
  102. ^ Patterson, Jane (13 August 2023). "Labour promises to remove GST from fruit and vegetables, boost Working for Families". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  103. ^ Edwards, Bryce (15 August 2023). "Political Roundup: How Labour's tax cut will do little but benefit the rich". The Daily Blog. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  104. ^ "Labour promises four weeks' Paid Partner's Leave for new parents". Radio New Zealand. 15 August 2023. Archived from the original on 14 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  105. ^ McCulloch, Craig (2 August 2023). "Labour blocks National's paid parental leave bill that would have allowed parents to share time off". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 16 August 2023.
  106. ^ "Labour launches party's Maori campaign and manifesto – but no major announcements". Radio New Zealand. 19 August 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  107. ^ "Watch: Labour launch hijacked by Freedoms NZ, Hipkins' speech interrupted three times". NZ Herald. 3 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  108. ^ Desmarais, Felix (2 September 2023). "Labour pledges free dental for under 30s if elected". 1 News. Archived from the original on 4 September 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  109. ^ "Labour leader Chris Hipkins announces party's five-point economic plan". Radio New Zealand. 6 September 2023. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  110. ^ Coughlan, Thomas (6 September 2023). "Election 2023: Chris Hipkins promises trade delegation to India if Labour wins". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 9 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  111. ^ "Watch: Labour promises more frontline police, will explore making stalking a crime". Radio New Zealand. 7 September 2023. Archived from the original on 13 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  112. ^ "Labour promises free cervical screening, as new self-test rolls out". Radio New Zealand. 12 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  113. ^ "Labour announces plans to train hundreds more doctors by 2027". Radio New Zealand. 13 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  114. ^ "Election 2023: Labour will raise breast screening age, develop endometriosis acrion plan". Radio New Zealand. 17 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  115. ^ "Labour launches rooftop solar and battery rebates, and community energy fund policy". Radio New Zealand. 18 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  116. ^ "Election 2023: All the latest developments of 18 September". 18 September 2023. Archived from the original on 18 September 2023.
  117. ^ "Labour promises to keep school lunch programme". Radio New Zealand. 22 September 2023. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  118. ^ a b c d "Election 2023: Immigration in spotlight as similar policies announced". Radio New Zealand. 23 September 2023. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 26 September 2023.
  119. ^ "Labour promises 6000 more state houses if re-elected". Radio New Zealand. 24 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  120. ^ "Election 2023: Labour releases climate manifesto with more policy plans". Radio New Zealand. 25 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  121. ^ "Labour promises $1b boost to Pharmac over four years". Radio New Zealand. 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  122. ^ "Election 2023: Labour's fiscal plan looks to reduce government spending, maintain income tax settings". Radio New Zealand. 27 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  123. ^ "Labour releases Rainbow Manifesto, promising reformed surrogacy laws and LGBTQ+ refugee quota". Radio New Zealand. 30 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  124. ^ "Election 2023: Labour reveals full policy plan". Radio New Zealand. 1 October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  125. ^ "New Zealand's Labour Party pledges recognition of Palestine if re-elected". Middle East Monitor. 2 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  126. ^ "Election 2023: Chris Hipkins to 'pause' Labour policy in wake of Israel-Hamas conflict". Newshub. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 16 October 2023.
  127. ^ Parahi, Carmen (22 April 2019). "National MP Jo Hayes keen to stand in Māori electorate". Stuff. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  128. ^ Hurihanganui, Te Aniwa (17 July 2020). "National's Jo Hayes: Time for a 'voice' in Māori seats". RNZ. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  129. ^ Coughlan, Thomas (23 November 2020). "National looks set to return to Māori electorates after two decades". Stuff. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 21 April 2023.
  130. ^ Cooke, Henry (1 February 2021). "Judith Collins confirms National will run candidates in Māori seats next election". Stuff. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  131. ^ "Christopher Luxon says National will stand candidates in Maori Electorate seats". Newshub. 5 March 2022. Archived from the original on 7 February 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  132. ^ "Māori seats don't 'make a lot of sense' – Christopher Luxon". RNZ. 25 January 2023. Archived from the original on 21 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  133. ^ McConnell, Glenn (18 April 2023). "National officially returns to the Māori electorates, after more than 20 years". Stuff. Archived from the original on 23 April 2023. Retrieved 23 April 2023.
  134. ^ "Christopher Luxon rules out working with Te Pāti Māori post-election". Radio New Zealand. 10 May 2023. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  135. ^ Ensor, Jamie (10 May 2023). "Election 2023: Christopher Luxon says Te Pāti Māori's recent behaviour led him to rule them out post-election". Newshub. Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand. Archived from the original on 11 May 2023. Retrieved 11 May 2023.
  136. ^ Lynch, Jenna (23 May 2023). "National uses realistic-looking AI-generated health workers, scared woman to front attack ads". Newshub. Archived from the original on 23 May 2023. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  137. ^ McClure, Tess (24 May 2023). "New Zealand's National Party admits using AI-generated people in attack ads". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 May 2023. Retrieved 26 May 2023.
  138. ^ Lynch, Jenna; Ensor, Jamie; Burr, Lloyd (15 June 2023). "National removes large number of TikToks after questions raised with film studios". Newshub. Archived from the original on 15 June 2023. Retrieved 15 June 2023.
  139. ^ "National would end genetic modification 'ban' if elected". Radio New Zealand. 11 June 2023. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  140. ^ "Gang membership would be aggravating factor in sentencing under new National policy". Radio New Zealand. 18 June 2023. Archived from the original on 18 June 2023. Retrieved 18 June 2023.
  141. ^ Neilson, Michael (25 June 2023). "National leader Chris Luxon launches law and order policy at party conference – harsher sentences, more focus on victims and rehab for remand prisoners". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 29 June 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  142. ^ Lines-McKenzie, Jo (5 July 2023). "National backs third medical school in Waikato". Stuff. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  143. ^ Ellis, Fiona (7 July 2023). "National pledges Dunedin hospital budget boost". Otago Daily Times. Archived from the original on 8 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  144. ^ Lynch, Jenna (16 July 2023). "Election 2023: Campaign slogan battle between Labour and National begins". Newshub. Archived from the original on 24 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  145. ^ "National's pothole policy about finding 'balance between safety and efficiency' – Brown". Radio New Zealand. 17 July 2023. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  146. ^ a b c "On the campaign trail: ERA reforms, gang talk, moving ports and animal rights". Radio New Zealand. 30 July 2023. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  147. ^ Iasona, Seni (31 July 2023). "Election 2023: National promises 13 new roads, better public transport in $24 billion transport package". Newshub. Archived from the original on 1 August 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  148. ^ Witton, Bridie (9 August 2023). "National promises to ban cellphones in schools". Stuff. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  149. ^ "Principals say National's plan to ban phones in school is unworkable". Radio New Zealand. 9 August 2023. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  150. ^ McConnell, Glenn (19 August 2023). "National Party announces election list, minus Michael Woodhouse". Stuff. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  151. ^ "National pledges $280m for 13 cancer treatments". 1 News. TVNZ. 21 August 2023. Archived from the original on 22 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  152. ^ Smith, Anneke (22 August 2023). "Luxon disavows ACT Zero Carbon, Treaty of Waitangi policies". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 22 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  153. ^ Wade, Amelia (28 August 2023). "Election 2023: Christopher Luxon confirms National will campaign in Epsom against David Seymour". Newshub. Archived from the original on 4 September 2023. Retrieved 4 September 2023.
  154. ^ Patterson, Jane (30 August 2023). "The sticking points – how does National's tax plan stack up?". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  155. ^ Edmunds, Susan. "Labour v National: Who would make you better off?". Stuff. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 30 August 2023.
  156. ^ "Election 2023: National Party unveils pledge card at campaign launch". Radio New Zealand. 3 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  157. ^ Ashworth, Craig (5 September 2023). "National would demote Māori health boards". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 8 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  158. ^ "National promises 10,000 EV chargers, end to 'ute tax' if elected". 1 News. TVNZ. 6 September 2023. Archived from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  159. ^ "National's tourism policy promises new Great Walk, holiday visas rework". Radio New Zealand. 7 September 2023. Archived from the original on 13 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  160. ^ "National promises to expand international students' working rights". Radio New Zealand. 21 September 2023. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  161. ^ "National releases document laying out current economic plan". Radio New Zealand. 22 September 2023. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  162. ^ Orsman, Bernard (24 September 2023). "Election 2023: National ditches Labour's 'anti-car ideology', promises to restore 100km/h and 50km/h speed limits on motorways and local roads". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 24 September 2023. Retrieved 24 September 2023.
  163. ^ "New Zealand election: Luxon says National open to NZ First coalition". The Guardian. 25 September 2023. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  164. ^ "New Zealand National Party prepared to join forces with NZ First to get into power". Reuters. 24 September 2023. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  165. ^ "Election 2023: National confirms it could work with NZ First". Radio New Zealand. 25 September 2023. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  166. ^ "National Party reveals traffic light system for JobSeeker beneficiaries". Radio New Zealand. 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 26 September 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  167. ^ "Election 2022: National Party fiscal plan promises lower taxes, disciplined government spending". Radio New Zealand. 29 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  168. ^ "Election 2023: National Party releases 100-day action plan if elected". Radio New Zealand. 1 October 2023. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  169. ^ Cheng, Derek (5 October 2023). "Election 2023 live updates: Christopher Luxon on campaign trail, Hipkins calls Nats' tax plan a 'scam', Sir John Key out to woo voters". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  170. ^ "Political Roundup: The civil war in the Greens". NZ Herald. 18 May 2023. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  171. ^ "Green Party unveils its list for October's general election". Radio New Zealand. 20 May 2023. Archived from the original on 27 May 2023. Retrieved 28 May 2023.
  172. ^ McConnell, Glenn (11 June 2023). "Chlöe Swarbrick and the Green machine: Can they take another seat off Labour?". Stuff. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023.
  173. ^ Collins, Efeso (25 September 2023). "We get asked a bit about why we... – Fa'anānā Efeso Collins 2023". Facebook. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  174. ^ Lyndon, Hūhana (27 August 2023). "ITS NOT OK ‼️ Im incensed as a wahine... – Huhana Melanie Lyndon". Facebook. Archived from the original on 28 October 2023. Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  175. ^ McConnell, Glenn (11 June 2023). "Greens promise tax cuts for salaries under $125,000, and $385 per week income guarantee". Stuff. Archived from the original on 11 June 2023. Retrieved 13 June 2023.
  176. ^ Desmarais, Felix (2 July 2023). "Green Party pledges landlord register, rent control measures". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 7 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  177. ^ Neilson, Michael (9 July 2023). "Election 2023: Green Party lays out key policies in manifesto focused on 'people, nature and climate'". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  178. ^ Neilson, Michael (17 July 2023). "Greens launch Māori land policy, Hoki Whenua Mai – vows to return stolen land, revisit claims and redress". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 19 July 2023.
  179. ^ "Greens launch election campaign, unveil new slogan". 1 News. 23 July 2023. Archived from the original on 25 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  180. ^ Witton, Bridie (6 August 2023). "Green Party promises free dental care for all, funded by multi-millionaires". Stuff. Archived from the original on 7 August 2023. Retrieved 11 August 2023.
  181. ^ "Elections 2023: Political parties announce major policies". Radio New Zealand. 13 August 2023. Archived from the original on 15 August 2023. Retrieved 15 August 2023.
  182. ^ "Greens propose Health Ocean Act, independent commission to protect oceans". Radio New Zealand. 10 September 2023. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  183. ^ "Greens promise five weeks' annual leave". Radio New Zealand. 16 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  184. ^ "Green Party wants free lunches expanded to 365,000 children". Radio New Zealand. 19 September 2023. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  185. ^ "Green Party pledges to double Better Start payment, extend to all under three". Radio New Zealand. 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  186. ^ "Election 2023: Green Party unveils policy priorities and fiscal plan review". Radio New Zealand. 1 October 2023. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
  187. ^ Cooke, Henry (17 May 2023). "Neither Chris galvanises support as New Zealand voters shun major parties". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 17 May 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  188. ^ Wright, Rebecca; Gibson, Gray (29 April 2023). "'Take take take': Seymour, Swarbrick clash over future of NZ's tax policy". Newshub. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  189. ^ Trevett, Claire (29 April 2023). "Act Party's Brooke van Velden targets National Party's Simon O'Connor in bid for Tāmaki electorate". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 13 May 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  190. ^ Witton, Bridie (4 June 2023). "ACT Party launches campaign, announces new 'Ministry of Regulation'". Stuff. Archived from the original on 7 June 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  191. ^ "Election 2023: ACT vows to put 17 year olds back into adult justice system". Radio New Zealand. 9 July 2023. Archived from the original on 9 July 2023. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
  192. ^ "ACT proposes reform of children's ministry Oranga Tamariki". Radio New Zealand. 13 July 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 23 September 2023.
  193. ^ Palmer, Scott (16 July 2023). "Election 2023: ACT Party reveals its list of candidates for general election". Newshub. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  194. ^ "David Seymour slammed over Ministry for Pacific Peoples comment". The New Zealand Herald. 24 August 2023. Archived from the original on 23 August 2023. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  195. ^ Steinfels, Peter (5 November 2005). "A Day to Think About a Case of Faith-Based Terrorism". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2 November 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2023.
  196. ^ a b Smith, Anneke (18 August 2023). "Ministry for Pacific Peoples says staff were abused, lodges police report". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 18 August 2023. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  197. ^ Iasona, Seni (18 August 2023). "ACT leader David Seymour refuses to apologise for 'clearly not serious' Guy Fawkes 'joke'". Newshub. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 21 August 2023.
  198. ^ Manch, Thomas (20 August 2023). "ACT promises to set public service targets and 'KPIs' for government chief executives". Stuff. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  199. ^ McDonald, Kelvin (27 August 2023). "ACT to 'scrap' Māori wards". Te Ao Māori News. Māori Television. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  200. ^ "ACT pledges to repeal Māori wards". 1 News. TVNZ. 27 August 2023. Archived from the original on 31 August 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  201. ^ Hewett, William (3 September 2023). "Election 2023: ACT vows to reverse ban on oil and gas exploration, make offshore wind easier to permit". Newshub. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  202. ^ "ACT's David Seymour unveils red-tape review policy's first four sectors". Radio New Zealand. 6 September 2023. Archived from the original on 12 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  203. ^ "ACT leader David Seymour promises tougher sentences for serious crimes in law and order policy". Radio New Zealand. 13 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  204. ^ "ACT leader David Seymour wants to see more drug addicts, sickness beneficiaries rejoin workforce". Radio New Zealand. 15 September 2023. Archived from the original on 15 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  205. ^ "Election 2023: ACT launches campaign with vow to end co-governance". Radio New Zealand. 18 September 2023. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  206. ^ "Election 2023: Heckler interrupts David Seymour at ACT campaign launch in Auckland". Radio New Zealand. 17 September 2023. Archived from the original on 18 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  207. ^ McCulloch, Gabrielle; Vance, Andrea (17 September 2023). "Watch: David Seymour's ACT Party re-launch disrupted by persistent hecklers". Archived from the original on 20 September 2023.
  208. ^ "Watch: ACT promises tender process for 'failing' schools, stricter early childhood education". Radio New Zealand. 20 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  209. ^ "Watch: ACT leader David Seymour reveals alternative budget". Radio New Zealand. 21 September 2023. Archived from the original on 1 October 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  210. ^ "ACT reveals seniors policy including reversing pseudoephedrine ban". Radio New Zealand. 22 September 2023. Archived from the original on 22 September 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  211. ^ "Election 2023: ACT promises to scrap several climate change policies". Radio New Zealand. 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  212. ^ "ACT announces landlords policy, including 'pet bond'". Radio New Zealand. 28 September 2023. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  213. ^ "Election 2023: ACT Party would call for public submissions on COVID-19 inquiry terms of references". Radio New Zealand. 29 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  214. ^ "ACT climate policy could see NZ Paris Agreement pledge walked back". Radio New Zealand. 29 September 2023. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  215. ^ "ACT's business plan: Removing January holiday, putting minimum wage on hold". Radio New Zealand. 30 September 2023. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  216. ^ Graham-McLay, Charlotte (3 May 2023). "New Zealand Labour minister suddenly defects to Māori party". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 17 May 2023.
  217. ^ "Chris Hipkins, Christopher Luxon hit back after Rawiri Waititi lashes out over gang commentary". Newshub. Archived from the original on 21 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  218. ^ Scott, Matthew (14 July 2023). "Te Pāti Māori kicks off campaign with Matariki block party". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  219. ^ Iasona, Seni (14 July 2023). "Video: Te Pati Māori co-leader Rawiri Waititi grabbed by angry man during party's campaign launch". Newshub. Archived from the original on 16 July 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  220. ^ Neilson, Michael (27 July 2023). "Māori Party wealth tax plan: Over 98 per cent of NZers get tax cut, GST off kai and higher top rates". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 31 July 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  221. ^ Palmer, Russell (27 July 2023). "Te Pāti Māori proposes suite of changes in new tax policies". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 29 July 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  222. ^ Neilson, Michael (2 August 2023). "Election 2023: Māori Party vows to take Māori children out of state care, replace Oranga Tamariki with Mokopuna Māori Authority". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 2 August 2023. Retrieved 2 August 2023.
  223. ^ "Te Pāti Māori announces list, may elect NZ's youngest MP, aged 20". Radio New Zealand. 20 August 2023. Archived from the original on 22 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  224. ^ "Winston Peters: NZ First would remove Māori names from Govt depts". Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  225. ^ "NZ First leader Winston Peters wants government departments to have English names again". Radio New Zealand. 27 March 2023. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  226. ^ Pearse, Adam (23 March 2023). "Peters wants to scrap Govt department Māori names". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  227. ^ "Winston Peters rails against secret 'woke agenda' in campaign speech". Radio New Zealand. 24 March 2023. Archived from the original on 31 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  228. ^ a b "New Zealand First 2023 Policy". New Zealand First. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  229. ^ McConnell, Glenn (23 July 2023). "'Take our country back': Winston Peters fires up as he launches comeback campaign". Stuff. Archived from the original on 23 July 2023. Retrieved 24 July 2023.
  230. ^ Desmarais, Felix (17 August 2023). "Luxon says NZ First transgender bathrooms policy 'on another planet'". 1 News. Archived from the original on 19 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  231. ^ McGuire, Casper (20 August 2023). "Winston Peters proposes to make English an official language". 1 News. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 20 August 2023.
  232. ^ "Election 2023: Winston Peters gets back on the horse for election campaign video". The New Zealand Herald. 4 September 2023. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023.
  233. ^ Tan, Lincoln (10 September 2023). "Election 2023: Winston Peters claims 'Māori are not indigenous' during Nelson meeting with NZ First supporters". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 10 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  234. ^ "'He's wrong': Luxon disagrees with Winston Peters' Māori comments". 1 News. TVNZ. 10 September 2023. Archived from the original on 11 September 2023. Retrieved 11 September 2023.
  235. ^ "Election 2023: New Zealand First releases party list". Radio New Zealand. 16 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  236. ^ "Election 2023: NZ First announces time limit for Jobseeker beneficiaries". Radio New Zealand. 26 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 3 October 2023.
  237. ^ "NZ First drops manifesto with just over a week until election day". The Spinoff. 6 October 2023. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  238. ^ Hatton, Emma (6 October 2023). "Winston's wishes: what NZ First is campaigning on". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  239. ^ Williams, David (8 August 2023). "New Conservative's big idea is huge tax changes aimed at families with kids". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 8 August 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  240. ^ "Universal Basic Income". TOP. Archived from the original on 29 May 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  241. ^ "A Fair Tax System". TOP. Archived from the original on 16 June 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  242. ^ "Election 2023: TOP bets its future on Ilam – can it win?". 1 News. Archived from the original on 1 June 2023. Retrieved 17 June 2023.
  243. ^ Gill, Sinead (15 February 2023). "TOP party leader pledges to take Christchurch to Wellington". Stuff. Archived from the original on 5 July 2023. Retrieved 16 June 2023.
  244. ^ Mandow, Nikki (22 March 2023). "TOP and the not terribly Teal Deal". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 27 July 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  245. ^ Shepherd, Simon; Gibson, Gray (17 June 2023). "Newshub Nation full interview: The Opportunities Party leader Raf Manji outlines election-year tax policy". Newshub. Archived from the original on 17 June 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  246. ^ Shepherd, Simon; Gibson, Gray (17 June 2023). "Newshub Nation: The Opportunities Party leader Raf Manji reveals he's working on new artificial intelligence candidate". Newshub. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  247. ^ Su, Nina (16 August 2023). "TOP's health plan: Free contraception, ambulances, antenatal ultrasounds". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 16 August 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  248. ^ "TOP proposes new investor visa to fund climate refugee intake". 1 News. TVNZ. 20 August 2023. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  249. ^ Iasona, Seni (6 September 2023). "Election 2023: The Opportunities Party wants to introduce 4-year terms, lower MMP threshold and voting age". Newshub. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 22 September 2023.
  250. ^ a b c d e f "TVNZ confirms election night coverage, debate times and dates". 1 News. 29 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  251. ^ a b c Bevan, Darren (7 September 2023). "Election 2023: Newshub's Decision 23 election coverage, live debate times and dates revealed". Newshub. Archived from the original on 6 September 2023. Retrieved 6 September 2023.
  252. ^ Wade, Amelia; Ensor, Jamie (2 October 2023). "Election 2023: Christopher Luxon pulls out of major leaders debate – National". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  253. ^ a b c d e "Election 2023". Victoria University of Wellington Students' Association. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  254. ^ "Pre-Election Debate 2023". Council for International Development. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  255. ^ "Politicians debate the issues that matter to Auckland and its people". University of Auckland. 14 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  256. ^ "Parties go head to head on mental health". NZ Doctor. 29 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  257. ^ "Taxpayers' Union Announces Election Debate Series". New Zealand Taxpayers' Union. 1 August 2023. Archived from the original on 29 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  258. ^ Murphy, Tim (11 September 2023). "The first big leaders' debate, bar the PM". Newsroom. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 10 September 2023.
  259. ^ "What about the environment?". Civic Trust Auckland. Archived from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  260. ^ Jackson, Demelza (14 September 2023). "Election 2023: Act's Simon Court says no climate emergency, Green's James Shaw describes him as a 'clown show' in debate". New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  261. ^ "NZ election 2023 live: Finance takes centre stage in the ASB Great Debate". Stuff. Archived from the original on 14 September 2023. Retrieved 14 September 2023.
  262. ^ "NZ election 2023 live: The Great NZ Infrastructure Debate". Stuff. 19 September 2023. Archived from the original on 20 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  263. ^ Whyte, Anna (20 September 2023). "Minor parties prepare for debate showdown". The Press. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 21 September 2023.
  264. ^ Hayman, Kamala (7 September 2023). "The Press Leaders Debate to be held at the Christchurch Town Hall". The Post. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 7 September 2023.
  265. ^ Staff reporters (3 October 2023). "The Press leaders' debate cancelled for election 2023". The Press. Archived from the original on 11 October 2023. Retrieved 11 October 2023.
  266. ^ "NZ election 2023 live debates streaming on Stuff". Stuff. 12 September 2023. Archived from the original on 18 September 2023. Retrieved 12 September 2023.
  267. ^ "Election 2023: The Press debate is back on, with double the leaders". Stuff. 4 October 2023. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  268. ^ "Vote Compass reveals top issues on the minds of Kiwis". 1 News. 15 September 2023. Archived from the original on 19 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  269. ^ a b Preece, Dewi (7 October 2023). "Vote Compass: Kiwis want stronger punishment for youth offenders". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 8 October 2023. Retrieved 8 October 2023.
  270. ^ a b c d De Silva, Tommy (4 October 2023). "Election 2023: Co-governance and Te Tiriti o Waitangi policies in two minutes". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  271. ^ "Final Three Waters bills pass through Parliament". Radio New Zealand. 23 August 2023. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  272. ^ McDonald, Kelvin (30 September 2023). "New survey finds 'large divide' between Māori and Pākehā voters over co-governance and treaty". Te Ao Maori News. Maori Television. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  273. ^ Cann, Geraden (10 March 2023). "Artificial intelligence 'likely to be used to spread disinformation' during next general election". Stuff. Archived from the original on 2 August 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  274. ^ Pennington, Phil (7 March 2023). "Election 2023: Voter-targeting tools could impact electoral integrity, disinformation expert says". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 12 March 2023. Retrieved 7 August 2023.
  275. ^ Hurihanganui, Te Aniwa (5 August 2023). "Julian Batchelor under investigation over anti-co-governance pamphlets". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 10 August 2023. Retrieved 8 August 2023.
  276. ^ Mitchell, Charlie (13 August 2023). "Chemtrails, 9/11 and vaccine nanobots: The digital trail of NZ First's could-be MPs". Stuff. Archived from the original on 20 August 2023. Retrieved 22 August 2023.
  277. ^ Collins, Benedict; Desmarais, Felix (23 August 2023). "ACT candidate who compared vaccine mandates to concentration camps quits". 1 News. TVNZ. Archived from the original on 26 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  278. ^ Palmer, Russell (23 August 2023). "ACT's David Seymour defends vetting after candidate controversies". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 27 August 2023. Retrieved 29 August 2023.
  279. ^ "Labour removes false advertising over public transport for disabled people". Radio New Zealand. 7 September 2023. Archived from the original on 7 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  280. ^ Bradley, Anusha; Ferguson, Sarah (18 September 2023). "Ryan Hamilton: National's anti-fluoride, anti-mandate MP-in-waiting". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 21 September 2023. Retrieved 1 October 2023.
  281. ^ Krewel, Mona (16 November 2023). "Analysis: The rise of 'small lies' in New Zealand's election". 1 News. TVNZ. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  282. ^ "Election 2023: Political commentator says public will 'turn away in disgust' if divisive tension continues to rise". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  283. ^ Neilson, Michael; Fisher, David (29 September 2023). "Hipkins 'angry' at National's 'race-baiting' – says Māori have most to lose". NZ Herald. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  284. ^ Cooke, Henry (17 November 2022). "At the 2023 election New Zealand will face the starkest choice between left and right in decades". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 30 August 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  285. ^ "Rangitata Electorate". New Zealand First. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  286. ^ a b c O'Brien, Tova (27 September 2023). "NZ First candidate defends 'racist' comment quoted by Chris Hipkins in debate". Stuff. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  287. ^ "Hipkins 'angry' at National's 'race-baiting' – says Māori have most to lose". NZ Herald. 29 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  288. ^ Palmer, Russell (29 September 2023). "Hipkins commits to calling out racism and defending Te Tiriti". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  289. ^ a b "Politicians urge vandals against defacing billboards after multiple damaged over weekend". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  290. ^ "Vandals target Māori Party co-leader Debbie Ngarewa-Packer's billboards with racist slurs, paint over moko kauae". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  291. ^ "Instagram". www.instagram.com. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  292. ^ "Instagram". www.instagram.com. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  293. ^ Heikell, Leighton (29 September 2022). "Election 2023: Accusations of racism and race-baiting take centre-stage as campaign turns ugly". Newshub. Archived from the original on 30 September 2023. Retrieved 30 September 2023.
  294. ^ O'Brien, Tova (5 October 2023). "Tova podcast: 'White people are stupid', Labour Minister '****ing useless' – the latest candidate in Twitter/X trouble". Stuff. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  295. ^ Mathias, Shanti (29 September 2023). "Labour candidate slapped following debate in Taranaki". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  296. ^ "'Completely unacceptable': Labour candidate Angela Roberts 'slapped' following political debate". Radio New Zealand. 29 September 2023. Archived from the original on 29 September 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  297. ^ "'Escalation of danger': Te Pāti Māori says candidate's home invaded, vandalised in 'politically motivated attack'". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  298. ^ Sowman-Lund, Stewart (29 September 2023). "'Politically motivated attack': Te Pāti Māori candidate's home vandalised, 'threatening letter' left". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  299. ^ Hewett, William (5 October 2023). "Election 2023: Te Pāti Māori says candidate Hana-Rāwhiti Maipi-Clarke's home invaded again". Newshub. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  300. ^ "Police don't believe incidents targeting Te Pāti Māori's Hana-Rāwhiti Maipi-Clarke are racially motivated". Radio New Zealand. 6 October 2023. Archived from the original on 5 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  301. ^ a b Ensor, Jamie (2 October 2023). "Election 2023: National takes 'unprecedented step' to reveal gang threats against candidates". Newshub. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  302. ^ "Election 2023 updates: All the latest developments on 2 October". Radio New Zealand. 2 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  303. ^ "National, ACT condemn violence and threats: 'Unacceptable' and 'disgraceful'". Radio New Zealand. 2 October 2023. Archived from the original on 2 October 2023. Retrieved 2 October 2023.
  304. ^ McConnell, Glenn (20 August 2023). "The political divide drowns out Chris Hipkins, splits families in Ōtara". Radio New Zealand. Stuff. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  305. ^ McConnell, Glenn (28 August 2023). "Christopher Luxon tells heckler he's 'no Slim Shady' after being told to 'please stand up' at hijacked media event". Stuff. Archived from the original on 28 August 2023. Retrieved 28 August 2023.
  306. ^ "Watch: Labour launch hijacked by Freedoms NZ, Hipkins' speech interrupted three times". The New Zealand Herald. 2 September 2023. Archived from the original on 3 September 2023. Retrieved 3 September 2023.
  307. ^ "Experts say disrupted election campaign events just the start". Radio New Zealand. 4 September 2023. Archived from the original on 5 September 2023. Retrieved 5 September 2023.
  308. ^ Winter, Courtney (8 September 2023). "Election 2023: How TikTok could be the social media platform to swing the election". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 13 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  309. ^ Mathias, Shanti (20 October 2023). "Who spent most on online ads this election?". The Spinoff. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  310. ^ Hancock, Farah (21 October 2023). "The campaign for social media supremacy in Election 2023: Who the parties targeted and their key messages". Radio New Zealand. Retrieved 18 November 2023.
  311. ^ Chen, Liu (21 September 2023). "Opinion polls help Chinese voters engage in the political process". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 5 October 2023.
  312. ^ Xia, Lucy (3 October 2023). "Election 2023: Some young Asian voters want to see more engagement from political parties". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  313. ^ Sharma, Gaurav (4 October 2023). "Indian-origin candidates highlight election priorities". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  314. ^ Schwartz, Dominique (20 September 2014). "John Key's National Party takes out New Zealand election". ABC News. Retrieved 10 September 2020.
  315. ^ Swift, Molly. "NZ First leader Winston Peters rules out coalition with Labour". Newshub. No. 19 November 2022. Retrieved 29 September 2023.
  316. ^ Franke-Bowell, Jonah; McConnell, Glenn (13 April 2023). "'Highly unlikely' Christopher Luxon will partner with Te Pāti Māori or 'socialist' Greens". Stuff. Retrieved 12 April 2023.
  317. ^ McConnell, Glenn (11 January 2023). "Te Pāti Māori plans for a big 2023, but happy to stay cross bench". Stuff. Retrieved 11 January 2023.
  318. ^ McConnell, Glenn (10 May 2023). "National's Christopher Luxon officially rules out working with Māori Party". Stuff. Retrieved 10 May 2023.
  319. ^ "'Instability and chaos' - Labour rules out a partnership with NZ First". RNZ. 27 August 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.
  320. ^ "2023 General Election - Official Result". ElectionResults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. 3 November 2023.
  321. ^ Desmarais, Felix (11 October 2023). "Poll: Labour lifts and Greens strong, Peters has decision to make". 1 News.
  322. ^ Lynch, Jenna (11 October 2023). "Newshub-Reid Research poll: National right to panic as support plummets, New Zealand First surges". Newshub.
  323. ^ Graham-McLay, Charlotte (10 October 2023). "Guardian Essential New Zealand poll: Labour picks up steam days out from election". The Guardian.
  324. ^ "New Zealand set for a new Prime Minister and a three-party governing coalition: National, ACT & NZ First". Roy Morgan. 13 October 2023.
  325. ^ "Taxpayers' Union – Curia Poll: October 2023". New Zealand Taxpayers' Union. 6 October 2023.
  326. ^ Trevett, Claire (5 October 2023). "Election 2023: Last pre-election Talbot Mills shows NZ First rising and in the box seat, National and Greens rising, Act and Labour dropping". New Zealand Herald.
  327. ^ Vance, Andrea (7 September 2023). "Labour slumps to new poll low but numbers offer some comfort". The Post.
  328. ^ "Overseas voting opens, campaign encourages Kiwis in Australia to vote". Radio New Zealand. 27 September 2023. Archived from the original on 28 September 2023. Retrieved 28 September 2023.
  329. ^ a b McConnell, Glenn (4 October 2023). "Electoral Commission's 'one job': 1.4 million still waiting for easy vote cards". Stuff. Archived from the original on 4 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  330. ^ "EasyVote packs are on their way". Elections. Archived from the original on 6 October 2023. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  331. ^ "Voting statistics". vote.nz. Electoral Commission. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
  332. ^ Martin, Robin (6 October 2023). "Election 2023: Some rural voters caught out by polling booth closures on election day". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 7 October 2023. Retrieved 9 October 2023.
  333. ^ Doyle, Trent (15 October 2023). "John Tamihere slams 'unacceptable' treatment of Māori voters on election day". Newshub. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  334. ^ "Official results for the 2023 General Election". Elections. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  335. ^ "How are general election votes counted?". Elections. Archived from the original on 13 September 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2023.
  336. ^ Beaumont, Adrian (3 November 2023). "National drops 2 seats on NZ final results, and will need NZ First to form government". The Conversation. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  337. ^ "2023 General Election – Summary of Overall Results". ElectionResults.govt.nz. Electoral Commission. 3 November 2023.
  338. ^ "Party Votes and Turnout by Electorate". Electoral Commission.
  339. ^ "An extra Port Waikato seat in Parliament: What you need to know". Radio New Zealand. 10 October 2023. Archived from the original on 15 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  340. ^ a b "Who are the new National and Labour MPs?". The Spinoff. 17 October 2023. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  341. ^ a b Mathias, Shanti (18 October 2023). "Who are the new Greens and Act MPs?". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  342. ^ de Silva, Tommy (16 October 2023). "Meet the two new MPs from Te Pāti Māori". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 25 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  343. ^ de Silva, Tommy (16 October 2023). "Meet the new NZ First MPs". The Spinoff. Archived from the original on 19 October 2023. Retrieved 23 October 2023.
  344. ^ a b c "Special Votes: National and ACT lose majority in largest ever Parliament". Radio New Zealand. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  345. ^ Perry, James (3 November 2023). "Davis concedes, Henare mulling recount after losing seat by four votes". Te Ao News. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  346. ^ "Judicial recounts confirm Helen White and Takutai Tarsh Kemp as electorate MPs". Radio New Zealand. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  347. ^ Watkins, Tracy (25 November 2023). "No surprises in Port Waikato by-election result". The Post. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  348. ^ Sowman-Lund, Stewart (24 November 2023). "Next on the list: Nancy Lu's political future hangs on Port Waikato". The Spinoff. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  349. ^ "Election turnout by age and descent". Elections. Electoral Commission. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  350. ^ a b McNeilly, Hamish (21 October 2023). "Prisoners voting habits revealed". Stuff. Archived from the original on 21 October 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2024.
  351. ^ a b "Senior Labour MP retires from politics". The Star. Allied Press. 17 October 2023. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 18 October 2023.
  352. ^ "Notice of vacancy in seat in House of Representatives". New Zealand Gazette. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  353. ^ "Declaration by Electoral Commission that Camilla Vera Feslier Belich is elected a Member of Parliament". New Zealand Gazette. 6 December 2023. Retrieved 9 December 2023.
  354. ^ "ACT Party Port Waikato candidate Neil Christensen dies". Radio New Zealand. 9 October 2023. Archived from the original on 12 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  355. ^ a b c McConnell, Glenn (10 October 2023). "Port Waikato electorate could hold sway, with by-election that could add extra MP". Stuff. Archived from the original on 14 October 2023. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  356. ^ "Special Votes: National and ACT lose majority in largest ever Parliament". RNZ. 3 November 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  357. ^ "Hamilton City Council confirms by-election for Hamilton East". Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  358. ^ "Byelection needed in Hamilton East after councillor becomes MP". 23 October 2023. Archived from the original on 23 October 2023. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  359. ^ "Davidson to formally resign from Banks Peninsula Community Board on Monday". Otago Daily Times Online News. 27 October 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  360. ^ Chin, Frances (30 October 2023). "New Green Party MP resigns as Wellington City councillor". The Post. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  361. ^ "Councillor Jamie Arbuckle on his first day at the Beehive and how he'll juggle two jobs". Radio New Zealand. 18 October 2023. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  362. ^ Suisuiki, Susana (24 October 2023). "Pacific MPs in short supply for this government". Radio New Zealand. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  363. ^ Mase, Vaimoana (3 November 2023). "Election 2023 special votes: Te Atatū seat flip removes sole Pacific MP from Government". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  364. ^ Knox, Chris (7 November 2023). "Election 2023: Electoral Commission reviewing voting results after Herald investigation led to discovery of three wrong counts". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 7 November 2023. Retrieved 8 November 2023.
  365. ^ "Electoral Commission admits further vote counting data errors". Radio New Zealand. 9 November 2023. Archived from the original on 9 November 2023. Retrieved 11 November 2023.
  366. ^ "Auditor-General review of quality assurance procedures for vote count in the general election". Controller and Auditor-General of New Zealand. 5 December 2023. Archived from the original on 8 May 2024. Retrieved 10 December 2023.
  367. ^ Scotcher, Katie (7 May 2024). "Official 2023 election result final check done in a few hours, under extreme pressure". RNZ. Archived from the original on 7 May 2024. Retrieved 10 May 2024.
  368. ^ Perry, James (8 November 2023). "Judicial recounts confirmed in three electorates". Te Ao Māori News. Māori Television. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  369. ^ Dexter, Giles (8 November 2023). "District Court confirms judicial recounts for Nelson, Mt Albert, Tāmaki Makaurau". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  370. ^ "Labour's Rachel Boyack confirms 26-vote win in Nelson recount". Radio New Zealand. 10 November 2023. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  371. ^ "Electorate recounts complete". Electoral Commission. 15 November 2023. Retrieved 15 November 2023.
  372. ^ Trafford, Will; Franks, Raphael (9 November 2023). "Electoral Commission polling place decisions under fire amidst recount and voting irregularities at Manurewa Marae". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 12 November 2023.
  373. ^ "Writ returned to Clerk of the House". New Zealand Parliament. 16 November 2023. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  374. ^ "Constitution Act 1986". New Zealand Legislation. 17 May 2005. Retrieved 16 November 2023.
  375. ^ Vance, Andrea (2 June 2024). "Stats NZ investigating potential misuse of Māori census data". The Post. Archived from the original on 1 June 2024. Retrieved 3 June 2024.
  376. ^ Vance, Andrea (5 June 2024). "Complaint alleged Te Pāti Māori misused info collected for Covid vaccination drive". The Post. Archived from the original on 4 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  377. ^ "Labour leader Chris Hipkins says Te Pāti Māori allegations very serious". The New Zealand Herald. 5 June 2024. Archived from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  378. ^ a b Maher, Rachel; Trevett, Claire; Gabel, Julia (6 June 2024). "PM Christopher Luxon calls Te Pāti Māori Census allegations 'pretty concerning', Stats NZ launches investigation". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 5 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  379. ^ Tamihere, John (6 June 2024). "From The Party President – 'Naughty Natives Are At It Again'". Scoop. Archived from the original on 6 June 2024. Retrieved 7 June 2024.
  380. ^ Gabel, Julia (7 June 2024). "Manurewa Marae data misuse claims: Te Pāti Māori ask police, Prime Minister for urgent investigation into 'frivolous' allegations". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  381. ^ "Nine agency bosses meet over Te Pāti Māori data allegations". RNZ. 7 June 2024. Archived from the original on 7 June 2024. Retrieved 9 June 2024.
  382. ^ "Embattled MP Darleen Tana referred to police over election ad". 1 News. 24 June 2024. Archived from the original on 24 June 2024. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
  383. ^ "Former businessman Christopher Luxon wins New Zealand election as voters seek conservative change". Nine News. 14 October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 19 October 2023.
  384. ^ "John Campbell: What exactly has the tide brought in?". 1News. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
  385. ^ Albanese, Anthony [@AlboMP] (15 October 2023). "Congratulations to @chrisluxonmp on your victory and the great honour of serving as Prime Minister of New Zealand. I look forward to building our Trans-Tasman partnership into the future. To my friend @chrishipkins, you have served your nation with distinction" (Tweet). Retrieved 19 October 2023 – via Twitter.
  386. ^ Dutton, Peter [@PeterDutton_MP] (15 October 2023). "Congratulations @chrisluxonmp on a resounding win in New Zealand. Looking forward to working with you and your government" (Tweet). Retrieved 19 October 2023 – via Twitter.
  387. ^ "PM Brown congratulates NZ PM designate Luxon following his election night success". 17 October 2023. Archived from the original on 26 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  388. ^ Modi, Narenda [@narendramodi] (16 October 2023). "Heartiest congratulations to Prime Minister-elect @chrisluxonmp for his party's win in the General Elections. Look forward to working together to further strengthen India-New Zealand ties" (Tweet). Retrieved 19 October 2023 – via Twitter.
  389. ^ "PM Lee congratulates New Zealand Prime Minister-elect Christopher Luxon". Archived from the original on 27 October 2023. Retrieved 26 October 2023.
  390. ^ Zelenskyy, Volodymr [@ZelenskyyUa] (17 October 2023). "Congratulations to 🇳🇿 National Party leader @chrisluxonmp on his election victory. I wish him the best of luck in his new position and look forward to expanding our cooperation. I also thank @chrishipkins for his government's support for Ukraine in the face of Russian aggression" (Tweet). Retrieved 19 October 2023 – via Twitter.
  391. ^ "Election 2023: Elon Musk congratulates National leader Christopher Luxon on election win". Newshub. 15 October 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2024.
  392. ^ a b "Election 2023: Christopher Luxon ready to get to work on coalition negotiations". Radio New Zealand. 16 October 2023. Archived from the original on 16 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  393. ^ Corlett, Eva (16 October 2023). "New Zealand in political limbo as National considers shape of coalition". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  394. ^ "National and Act lose majority in final vote count". Newsroom. 3 November 2023. Archived from the original on 3 November 2023. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
  395. ^ Trevett, Claire (8 November 2023). "Election 2023: NZ First and Act make first contact in coalition talks as National, NZ First hold secret meetings around Parliament". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 8 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  396. ^ Hendry-Tennent, Ireland (6 November 2023). "Election 2023: ACT's David Seymour reveals what he said in text that likely coalition partner Winston Peters thought was 'fake'". Newshub. Archived from the original on 6 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  397. ^ "ACT's Seymour on early NZ First talks: 'So far, so good'". 1 News. TVNZ. 9 November 2023. Archived from the original on 9 November 2023. Retrieved 9 November 2023.
  398. ^ Wikaere-Lewis, Mana (10 November 2023). "Chris Hipkins to be sworn in again as PM until coalition talks finalise". Te Ao Māori News. Māori Television. Archived from the original on 10 November 2023. Retrieved 10 November 2023.
  399. ^ "'There'll be another APEC' – Luxon says he's unlikely to make forum". 1 News. 13 November 2023.
  400. ^ "Coalition talks: Luxon, Seymour and Peters meet in Auckland". 1 News. 15 November 2023.
  401. ^ Palmer, Russell; McCulloch, Craig (15 November 2023). "Coalition talks: Christopher Luxon, David Seymour and Winston Peters meet in person". RNZ.
  402. ^ "Significant development as Luxon confirms agreements reached with Act, NZ First". The Spinoff. 20 November 2023. Archived from the original on 20 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  403. ^ a b "Policy positions sorted in negotiations between National, ACT and NZ First – Christopher Luxon". Radio New Zealand. 20 November 2023. Archived from the original on 21 November 2023. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  404. ^ a b Ensor, Jamie (21 November 2023). "Election 2023: Christopher Luxon says ACT, NZ First have agreed to each other's policy progammes with National". Newshub. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  405. ^ Sherman, Maiki (21 November 2023). "Luxon, Seymour meet to discuss ACT's ministerial portfolios". 1 News. TVNZ. Retrieved 22 November 2023.
  406. ^ Couglan, Thomas (24 November 2023). "Coalition talks live updates: New Government next week, legislation bonfire planned for first 100 days". The New Zealand Herald. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  407. ^ "New Zealand's Luxon forges deal to lead new coalition government". Al Jazeera English. 23 November 2023. Archived from the original on 24 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.
  408. ^ Palmer, Russell (24 November 2023). "Coalition details at a glance: What you need to know". Radio New Zealand. Archived from the original on 23 November 2023. Retrieved 24 November 2023.

External links