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Inner Asian Mountain Corridor

The Inner Asian Mountain Corridor (IAMC) was an ancient exchange route ranging from the Altai Mountains in Siberia to the Hindu Kush (present-day Afghanistan and northern Pakistan), which took shape in the 3rd millennium BCE.[1][2][3][4][5] The expansion of the Indo-European Andronovo culture towards the Bactria-Margiana Culture in the second millennium BCE took place along the IAMC, giving way to the Indo-Aryan migration into South Asia.[6]

Mountain Corridor

The IAMC contributed to the development of mobile pastoralism in the 4th millennium BCE.[1][2][7] Bronze Age mobile pastoralists acted as agents between Central Asian cultures and South Asian cultures via the IAMC, spreading domesticated wheats from South and East Asia to Inner Asia.[8][4] Bronze Age pastoralists also transmitted horse riding and bronze technology between Europe and China, but also into South Asia.[7]

Indo-European migrations

In the fourth millennium BCE a mobile pastoralist culture emerged at the Eurasian steppes.[4] From the Pontic–Caspian steppe (present-day Ukraine and Russia), the Indo-European Yamna culture spread westwards toward the Great Hungarian Plain; and north-west it developed into the Corded Ware culture.[6] Expanding eastward, Corded Ware eventually developed into the Sintashta culture, which further developed into the Andronovo culture. According to Narasimhan et al. (2018), the Andronovo-culture extended southwards via the IAMC, reaching into the Bactria-Margiana Culture, from where Indo-European language and culture reached South Asia.[6]

References

  1. ^ a b Frachetti, Michael D. (2008). Pastoralist landscapes and social interaction in bronze age Eurasia. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 9780520256897. OCLC 752326743.
  2. ^ a b Frachetti, Michael D. (2012). "Multiregional Emergence of Mobile Pastoralism and Nonuniform Institutional Complexity across Eurasia". Current Anthropology. 53 (1): 2–38. doi:10.1086/663692. hdl:1808/21123. ISSN 0011-3204. JSTOR 10.1086/663692. S2CID 34267065.
  3. ^ Frachetti & Rouse 2012.
  4. ^ a b c Spengler et al. 2014.
  5. ^ Frachetti 2016.
  6. ^ a b c Narasimhan et al. 2018.
  7. ^ a b Frachetti 2016, p. 281.
  8. ^ Frachetti, Michael D.; Spengler, Robert N.; Fritz, Gayle J.; Mar'yashev, Alexei N. (2010-12-01). "Earliest direct evidence for broomcorn millet and wheat in the central Eurasian steppe region". Antiquity. 84 (326): 993–1010. doi:10.1017/S0003598X0006703X. ISSN 0003-598X. S2CID 163132760.

Sources