Cytosine deaminase

In enzymology, a cytosine deaminase (EC 3.5.4.1) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction

cytosine + H₂O ${\displaystyle \rightleftharpoons }$ uracil + NH₃

Thus, the two substrates of this enzyme are cytosine^[1] and H2O, whereas its two products are uracil and NH3.

This enzyme belongs to the family of hydrolases, those acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds other than peptide bonds, specifically in cyclic amidines. The systematic name of this enzyme class is cytosine aminohydrolase. This enzyme is also called isocytosine deaminase. This enzyme participates in pyrimidine metabolism.

Structural studies

As of late 2007, 13 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1K6W, 1K70, 1OX7, 1P6O, 1R9X, 1R9Y, 1RA0, 1RA5, 1RAK, 1RB7, 1UAQ, 1YSB, and 1YSD.

References

1. Sukumar, Uday Kumar; Packirisamy, Gopinath (2015-08-11). "Bioactive Core–Shell Nanofiber Hybrid Scaffold for Efficient Suicide Gene Transfection and Subsequent Time Resolved Delivery of Prodrug for Anticancer Therapy". ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 7 (33): 18717–18731. doi:10.1021/acsami.5b05280. ISSN 1944-8244. PMID 26234345.

• COHEN SS, BARNER HD (1957). "The conversion of 5-methyldeoxycytidine to thymidine in vitro and in vivo". J. Biol. Chem. 226 (2): 631–42. PMID 13438848.
• Kream J; Chargaff E (1952). "On the cytosine deaminase of yeast". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74 (20): 5157–5160. doi:10.1021/ja01140a050.