The four 1949 Conventions have been ratified by 196 states, including all UN member states, both UN observers (the Holy See and the State of Palestine}, as well as the Cook Islands. The Protocols have been ratified by 174, 169 and 79 states respectively. In addition, Article 90 of Protocol I states that "The High Contracting Parties may at the time of signing, ratifying or acceding to the Protocol, or at any other subsequent time, declare that they recognize ipso facto and without special agreement, in relation to any other High Contracting Party accepting the same obligation, the competence of the [International Fact-Finding] Commission to enquire into allegations by such other Party, as authorized by this Article."[1] 76 states have made such a declaration.
Parties to the 1949 Conventions and Protocols I–III
Notes
^"S" indicates that the state has signed but has not ratified. "—" indicates that the state has taken no action.
^Denmark informed the Secretary-General of the United Nations in 2003 that "Denmark's ratifications normally include the entire Kingdom of Denmark including the Faroe Islands and Greenland.”[18] No declaration excluding either of their dependent territories was made by Denmark upon ratification of any of the seven treaties.
The following states were party to the Geneva Conventions I–IV, but their ratifications have not been recognised as applying to any succeeding state under international law:
Article 96.3 of Protocol I allows for an "authority representing a people engaged against a High Contracting Party in an armed conflict" to make a unilateral declaration to apply the four Conventions and Protocol I with respect to that conflict. As of 2015 this provision has been utilized by the Polisario Front in 2015.
Parties to the 1864 Geneva Convention
The first ten articles of the First Geneva Convention were concluded in 1864. This was the original Geneva Convention. The following states were parties to the 1864 Geneva Convention.
^"Protocol Additional to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949, and relating to the Protection of Victims of International Armed Conflicts (Protocol I), 8 June 1977". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-22.
^ a b c d"Geneva Convention relative to the protection of civilian persons in time of war". United Nations Treaty Collection. Retrieved 2016-04-16.
^"Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention pour l'amélioration du sort des blessés et des malades dans les forces armées en campagne" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention pour l'amélioration du sort des blessés, des malades et des naufragés des forces armées sur mer" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention relative au traitement des prisonniers de guerre" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Conventions de Genève pour la protection des victimes de la guerre: Convention relative à la protection des personnes civiles en temps de guerre" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés internationaux (Protocole I)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés non internationaux (Protocole II)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à l'adoption d'un signe distinctif additionnel (Protocole III)" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Protocole additionnel aux Conventions de Genève du 12 août 1949 relatif à la protection des victimes des conflits armés internationaux (Protocole I) - Etats ayant fait la déclaration prévue à l'article 90" (PDF) (in French). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^ a b"Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2000-07-07. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1999-06-28. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1997-06-24. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1987-07-10. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2006-12-15. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2011-10-17. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"State Parties to the Following International Humanitarian Law and Other Related Treaties as of 29-Sep-2014" (PDF). International Committee of the Red Cross. 2014-09-29. Retrieved 2014-10-15.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 1988-03-15. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^ a b"Geneva Conventions for the protection of war victims of 12 August 1949 and Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977 Ratifications, accessions and successions as at 31 December 1996". International Committee of the Red Cross. 1997-04-30. Retrieved 2014-10-14.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2014-04-10. Retrieved 2015-01-09.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2015-01-09. Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2015. Retrieved 2015-01-09.
^"Указ Президента Российской Федерации от 16.10.2019 № 494 ∙ Официальное опубликование правовых актов". publication.pravo.gov.ru. Retrieved 2023-08-23.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2002-11-01. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2011-07-01. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"Notification to the Governments of the States Parties to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 for the Protoection of War Victims" (PDF). Federal Department of Foreign Affairs of Switzerland. 2013-02-07. Retrieved 2013-08-14.
^"GENEVA CONVENTIONS FOR THE PROTECTION OF WAR VICTIMS - REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN RELATIONS ON EXECUTIVES D, E, F, AND G EIGHTY-SECOND CONGRESS FIRST SESSION" (PDF). United States Department of Justice. June 27, 1955. Retrieved July 18, 2020.
^"Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded in Armies in the Field. Geneva, 22 August 1864". International Committee of the Red Cross. Retrieved 2013-07-16.
^"History". Archived from the original on 2012-04-06. Following the Korean empire's signing of Geneva Conventions I and II in 1903, Emperor Gojong established the Red Cross society in Korea in 1905.
^ http://web.archive.org/web/20231118064848/https://ihl-databases.icrc.org/en/ihl-treaties/gc-1864/state-parties. Archived from the original on 2023-11-18. Orange Free State 28.09.1897{{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)