Suncheon (Korean pronunciation:[sʰun.tsʰʌn]) (Suncheon-si) is the largest city in Jeollanam-do, South Korea, with a population of 280,719 as of 2022. It is located in the southeast of the province and is a scenic agricultural and industrial city, known for tourist attractions, such as Suncheon Bay. The port city of Yeosu is around forty minutes south of Suncheon and Gwangyang twenty minutes to the east of the city.
It is currently experiencing strong development due to being included as part of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, one of three newly created Free Economic Zones (FEZs) in South Korea due to open within the next decade. As of October 14, 2007 plans are being set up and a referendum is being planned for a merging of the cities of Yeosu, Suncheon and Gwangyang into a new metropolitan city, taking advantage of the Gwangyang Bay Free Economic Zone, Yeosu's Expo 2012 bid and port facilities, Suncheon's educational institutes and Gwangyang's POSCO plant.[1]
History
Era of Samhan: Territory of Mahan
Era of the three kingdoms: a territory of Baekje, named Gampyeong-gun
Era of the unified Silla: named Seungpyeong-gun in 757, the 16th year of King Gyeongdeok's reign
Era of Koryeo: renamed Seungju in 940, Taejo's 23rd year on the throne.
Era of Koryeo: called Seungpyeong-gun in 1036, Seongjong's second year as king.
Era of Koryeo: raised to the status of Seungju-mok in 1309, the year Chungseon becomes king.
Taejong established the Suncheon Dohobu in the 13th year of reign, 1413.
Changed to Suncheon-gun in 1895, under Gojong's reign.
November 1, 1931: Suncheon-gun Suncheon-myeon becomes Suncheon-eup.
August 15, 1949: 9 ri's of Dosa-myeon and part of Haeryong-myeon (Wangji, Jorye, and Yeonhyang) are annexed by Suncheon on August 13, 1949. The area is elevated to the City of Sunche on the 15th. Other surrounding areas are put into the district of Seungju-gun.
January 1, 1995: reborn as 'Suncheon City' after annexing Seungju-gun.
Yeosu–Suncheon Rebellion
In October 1948, a rebellion swept Yeosu, Suncheon, and nearby towns, when South Korean soldiers refused to take part in the suppression of the ongoing Jeju uprising. The rebel forces killed a number of ROK soldiers, police, officials, and landlords. A couple days later, the rebellion was crushed by the South Korean military. Civilians thought to have aided the rebellion were also summarily executed.
Tourism
2013 Suncheon Garden Exposition
2013 Suncheon Garden Expo Korea: The 2013 Suncheon Garden Expo Korea was the first of its kind to be held in Korea. The Expo focused on green industry development such as solar energy, sustainable garden development and electronic transportation. It showcased green technologies, international garden exhibits, and wetland conservation. The Expo grounds, its permanent gardens, arboretum, wetland center, and connecting monorail to Suncheon Bay are maintained for continued tourism.
Temples
Songgwang Temple: It is one of the Three Jewel Temples of Korea and a popular place for Jinul. The temple is located in Sinpyeong-ri, Songgwang-myeon. It is one of the Sambosachal along with Haein temple of Habcheon and Tongdo Temple of Yangsan. Jinul strived here to renew the tradition of Buddhism 800 years ago. The temple bore 16 state monks in the past. Today, the temple is home for monks from overseas and is a place to study the Buddhist culture of Korea. The temple was first built at the end of Silla Kingdom and named Gilsang Temple. It was then renamed in the Goryeo dynasty under the reign of Myeongjong, to Songgwang Temple. Reconstructions were done after it was burnt down in the Joseon dynasty, but was severely damaged again in 1948 and 1951. At present, 33 complexes have been restored after 8 reconstruction projects from 1984 to 1988. The temple has a total of 26 cultural assets, including 17 national cultural assets and 9 local ones.
Seonamsa: Seonamsa of Mount Jogye is located in Jukak-ri, Seungju-eup, Suncheon. In the Baekje Kingdom, Adohwasang had first built a small temple in the mountain and named it Biroam of Cheongnyangsan Mountain. The temple was named Seonamsa later in the Silla Kingdom by state monk Doseon. Seonamsa is known to be a mixture of the various sects of Buddhism of the Goryeo dynasty. Cheontaejong was established here 900 years ago by Ui Cheon and the monk's heirs have been carried down to the present age. Seonamsa, like Songgwangsa, is a library for studies of Korean Buddhist culture. A total of 18 cultural assets are found here, including 7 treasures and 11 local cultural assets.
Cheonjaam, Ssanghyangsu: Belongs to the Chinese juniper family, and is technically named Juniperus Chinensi Limme. The height is 12.5 m and the circumference is 3.98m. The tree is about 700 years old. According to the legend, the cane used by a Buddhist on his way back from China had grown into the tree. The tree is uniquely twisted form.
Natural monument No, 88 (designated on Dec. 3, 1962).
Ieub-ri, Songgwang-myeon (Songgwang Temple).
Area 600 pyeong (1.98 km2).
Castles
Nagan Castle, the only remaining Joseon castle in South Jeolla Province. It is well preserved and has many festivals like the Namdo food festival.
Suncheon Bay Ecological Park: The world's fifth biggest tideland, featuring reed beds and there many types of birds. The reserve was designated as a preservation zone by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in 2003.[2]
Suncheonman Bay National Garden: This garden is home to over 790,000 trees and was stablished on a plot of 1.112 km2 (0.429 sq mi) to help protect Suncheon Bay.[3]
Suncheon Open Film Location: Drama film set located in the neighborhood of Jorye-dong. This set was created to film movies and dramas in 2006. The village is split in three eras: 1950s Suncheon, 1960s Seoul Bongcheong-dong Village and 1970s Seoul suburb.
Naganeupseong Folk Village: a historic village representing the traditional lifestyle and cultural landscape in the Joseon Dynasty. It was originally and administrative town and has preserved traditional elements such as a fortress, government buildings and private houses.[4]
Museums
The Deep-Rooted Tree Museum (순천시립 뿌리깊은나무 박물관) is located close to Naganeupseong Walled Town. A collection of Korean famous magazine’s founder, Han Chang-gi; as well as artifacts from the Bronze Age to the present era are displayed. The museum also features 6,500 articles including Korean vintage literature books, folk arts, ceramics, and traditional items of clothing from the Three Kingdoms era, in which visitors could sense the ancient-modern Korean culture and lifestyles.
Filming Locations
Jorye-dong, which is located in Suncheon is the largest filming site in Korea that preserves the 60s and 80s buildings. Visitors could experience vintage village life in the 1960s and 1980s, as there are 200 houses with 39,669.6 m². A remake drama written by Kim Soo-Hyeon <Love & Ambition> starring actor Lee Byung-hun and actress Soo-ae was filmed in Jorye-dong, Suncheon. Other hit movies and dramas such as <You are far Away> (2008) and <Giant> (2010) were also shot in the same city.
In 2021, the Korea Tourism Organization released a music video in collaboration with Korea’s famous hip-hop label AOMG and Higher Music to produce a soundtrack to highlight the attractions and cultural heritage in Korea. The clips of the music video were filmed in Suncheon, which demonstrates the coexistence of tradition and contemporary lifestyles In Korea.
Slogans
On its website, Suncheon is dubbed by its city council as the City of Beautiful People, and its slogan is "Aha! Suncheon."[5]
Kai (Real Name: Kim Jong-in, Hangul: 김종인), singer, rapper, dancer, actor, model and K-pop idol, member of K-pop boygroup Exo, the sub unit Exo-K and the K-pop SuperboygroupSuperM.
Jun (Real Name: Park Jun-hee, Hangul: 박준희), singer, dancer and K-pop idol, leader and member of K-pop boygroup A.C.E.
Hae Yoon (Real Name: Park Hae-yoon, Hangul: 박해윤), singer, dancer and K-pop idol, leader and member of K-pop girlgroup Cherry Bullet.
Hyunseung (Real Name: Jang Hyun-seung, Hangul: 장현승), singer, dancer and K-pop idol, former member of K-pop boygroup Beast.
Gongchan (Real Name: Gong Chan-sik, Hangul: 공찬식), singer, dancer, model, actor, MC and K-pop idol, member of K-pop boygroup B1A4
Chaeyeon (Real Name: Jung Chae-yeon, Hangul: 정채연), singer, dancer, model, actress and K-pop idol, member of K-pop girlgroup DIA and former member of K-pop girlgroup I.O.I
^"Yeosu, Surrounding Cities to Merge". Archived from the original on 2007-10-24. Retrieved 2007-10-24.
^Bizwire, Korea (4 January 2019). "Suncheon Bay Wetland Reserve Returns to Top 100 Tourist Spot List". Be Korea-savvy. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
^"Suncheon Bay Garden". koreatimes. 2015-02-12. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
^"Naganeupseong, Town Fortress and Village". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
^"'Aha! Suncheon' Suncheon city brand slogan confirmed Four colors to promote urban image" (in Korean). 2005-10-18. Retrieved 2018-04-28.
^"Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020)" (PDF) (in Korean). Korea Meteorological Administration. Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 January 2022. Retrieved 7 June 2023.
^"Sister Cities". antalya.bel.tr. Antalya. Archived from the original on January 25, 2021. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
^"Sister Cities". como.gov. City of Columbia. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
^"海外姉妹都市". city.kagoshima-izumi.lg.jp (in Japanese). Izumi, Kagoshima. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
^"Gradovi pobratimi". Grad Kragujevac (in Serbian). Archived from the original on 2023-07-11.
^"Déclaration d'amitié Nantes-Cardiff". nantes.fr (in French). Nantes. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
^"순천시, 중국 산시성 타이위안시와 자매도시협약 체결". suncheon.go.kr (in Korean). Suncheon. Retrieved 2020-06-02.
