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Escudo de armas de las universidades británicas

Postal de principios del siglo XX que representa los escudos de armas de las universidades británicas.

El escudo de armas de las universidades británicas es la colección de escudos de armas de las universidades del Reino Unido . Los escudos de armas modernos de las universidades comenzaron a aparecer en Inglaterra a mediados del siglo XV, siendo el de Oxford posiblemente el escudo universitario más antiguo del mundo, siendo adoptado a fines del siglo XIV. [1] La primera concesión de escudos universitarios fue al King's College de Cambridge por Enrique VI en 1449. [2] [3] [4] Los escudos son otorgados por el Colegio de Armas [5] y Lyon Court . Se ha sugerido que las nuevas universidades registren los escudos en un intento de parecer más tradicionales o legítimas. [6] Como corporaciones, los escudos universitarios más antiguos históricamente se han otorgado sin un escudo, sin embargo, las instituciones más nuevas usan escudos con manto , incluidos los nuevos colegios en universidades más antiguas. [7] [8] [9] El primer escudo otorgado a una universidad fue a Leeds en 1905, mientras que la primera universidad británica a la que se le otorgaron soportes fue Sussex en 1962, aunque tanto Oxford como Cambridge han utilizado ángeles como soportes y Cambridge ha utilizado el emblema del " alma mater " como escudo sin que estos componentes se hayan otorgado oficialmente. [10]

Los escudos de las universidades y colegios a menudo incorporan, o son simplemente copias de, los escudos de sus fundadores o autoridades locales. [2] [3] [11] En las universidades colegiadas , los colegios constituyentes pueden llevar sus propios escudos, como en Cambridge y Oxford . [2] [3] Muchos escudos de armas más antiguos fueron registrados por Arthur Charles Fox-Davies en The Book of Public Arms en 1915, que también registró algunos escudos de armas de colegios constituyentes, [12] y por John Woodward en A Treatise on Ecclesiastical Heraldry en 1894. [13] La mayoría de los lemas universitarios no se otorgan con los escudos de armas, sino que se agregan por costumbre por la institución, una excepción a esto son los escudos del Imperial College London . [14] A las universidades de Irlanda que existían antes de la independencia del Reino Unido se les otorgaron escudos en la línea de otras universidades británicas; [15] estos se enumeran por separado a continuación.

Un libro abierto (que históricamente hace referencia a la Biblia cristiana) como símbolo de "sabiduría", "conocimiento", "aprendizaje" es común en muchos escudos universitarios. El sol, una antorcha encendida o una lámpara que representa la iluminación aparecen a menudo, al igual que una gavilla de trigo que simboliza el crecimiento y un búho que representa la sabiduría. A veces se encuentra un vencejo que representa el esfuerzo extenuante. Las llaves en forma de llaves cruzadas , pares de llaves o una sola llave sostenida por una bestia también son comunes en varios escudos universitarios. Las llaves representan el acceso al cielo y simbólicamente el acceso a cosas mayores que se logran a través de la educación.

No todas las universidades británicas tienen escudo de armas. Algunas antiguas escuelas de arte o diseño (ahora universidades de artes) no son armigeras:

Universidad de Artes de Bournemouth , Universidad de Artes de Plymouth , Universidad de Artes de Leeds , Universidad de las Artes de Norwich , Universidad Ravensbourne de Londres .

Además, los siguientes también son no armígeros:

Universidad Arden , Universidad Bath Spa , Universidad BPP , Universidad Oxford Brookes , Universidad Regent's de Londres , Universidad de Bedfordshire , Universidad de Brighton , University College de Londres , Universidad de Roehampton (aunque dos de sus colegios son armígeros), Universidad del Oeste de Londres .

Las imágenes que aparecen a continuación pueden ser el escudo de armas en forma de escudo o el "logro heráldico completo" , tal como lo otorga el Colegio de Armas o la Corte de Lyon . Algunas armas pueden ser armas asumidas , a menudo tomadas de un fundador o benefactor, particularmente en el caso de colegios y salones dentro de las universidades. [16]

Brazos de las universidades

Universidades antiguas


Universidades del siglo XIX


Universidades cívicas


Universidades de los años 60


Universidades de los años 1980


Universidades posteriores a 1992

Universidades del siglo XXI

Brazos de instituciones constituyentes

Colegios de Cambridge

Colegios universitarios de Durham

Colegios de Lancaster

Instituciones miembros de Londres

Salas de Manchester


Nottingham campus

Oxford colleges and halls

Roehampton colleges

UCL school

West London colleges


Former universities

Universities formerly within the United Kingdom


Former constituent institutions

See also

References

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