Yangshan Port (Chinese: 洋山港, p Yángshān Gǎng, Wu Yan-se Kaon), formally the Yangshan Deep-Water Port (洋山深水港, p Yángshān Shēnshuǐ Gǎng, Wu Yan-se Sen-sy Kaon), is a deep water port for container ships in Hangzhou Bay south of Shanghai. The port is part of the Maritime Silk Road.[1][2] The port is built on the islands of Greater and Lesser Yangshan, part of the Zhoushan archipelago, with fill from land reclamation. Connected to Shanghai's Pudong New Area by the Donghai Bridge and forming part of the Port of Shanghai, the islands of Greater and Lesser Yangshan are administered separately as part of Zhejiang's Shengsi County.
Built to allow the Port of Shanghai to grow despite shallow waters near the shore, it allows berths with depths of up to 15 metres (49 ft) to be built, and can handle today's largest container ships. In mid-2011, port officials said the port was on track to move 12.3 million Twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) during the year, up from 10.1 million TEUs in 2010, overtaking port of Singapore to become the world's busiest container port.[3] In 2015, the port handled 36.54 million TEUs,[4] and by 2019, its throughput had increased to 43.35 million TEU.
In 2000 and 2001, the decision was made to commence construction on the first of four phases. The first two phases have nine berths in total along a 3 km (1.9 mi) quayside. The first phase, which opened in 2004, can accommodate 2.2 million containers annually and includes 10 quay cranes. The second phase was opened in December 2006, and comprises 72 hectares (180 acres) with 15 quay cranes. The third phase, opened in stages, was completed in 2010 with seven berths.[citation needed]The fourth phase, which began trial operation on Dec. 10, 2017,[5] will add 4 million Twenty-foot equivalent units (TEUs) to the port's annual capacity.[3]
The total cost of building the port may reach US$12 billion over 20 years.[6]When complete, the port will have 30 berths capable of handling 15 million TEUs annually.[7]
The Yangshan Port is connected to the mainland via the 32.5 km (20.2 mi) Donghai Bridge, opened on 1 December 2005 as the world's longest sea bridge. The six-lane highway bridge took 6,000 workers 2+1⁄2 years to construct.[8]
There is no direct railway connection to the Yangshan Port. The port is served by Luchaogang railway station on the Pudong Railway, which was opened in 2005 near the mainland end of the Donghai Bridge.[9]
