Law Enforcement Exploring, commonly referred to as Police Explorers or Police Scouts, is an American vocational education program that allows youth to explore a career in law enforcement by working with local law enforcement agencies. Founded on July 12, 1973, it is one of the Exploring programs from Learning for Life, a non-Scouting affiliate of the Boy Scouts of America. The program is generally available to qualified young adults who graduated 8th grade and are ages 14 through 21. Since its founding, adults mentors from the program have faced nearly than 200 allegations of abuse or misconduct.
Learning for Life (LFL) coordinates the Law Enforcement Exploring program at the national level. LFL provides resources such as advisor training, sample policies, and insurance. LFL also hosts a biannual conference and competition, the National Law Enforcement Explorer Conference.
Local Explorer programs are chartered by a local law enforcement agency. At least one officer from that agency serves as the post "Advisor". This advisor is responsible for department-level administration of the program, and ensuring that the program meets the departments objectives.
Most posts maintain a command structure mirroring that of the hosting agency.
Each post is unique and the activities of each depend on their specific department's policies and guidelines. Typical activities include:
Since the September 11 attacks, some Explorer posts have focused their training on counter-terrorism, border patrol, drug raids, hostage negotiation, and active shooter areas, while still teaching the above listed areas.[1]
In some areas of the country, Explorers may go to an Explorer Academy, usually consecutive weekends or week-long to receive training and discipline, similar in nature to that of a real law enforcement academy. The academy ends with a graduation ceremony where certificates (such as CPR certification) and awards are given.
Some systems may provide different levels of academy training, such as:
A majority of Explorer Training, including Academies are instructed by post advisers.
Public services are a chance for the Explorers to get out in public and interact with the community. Events range from crowd control at parades, to providing security and uniformed presence at events like fairs and sporting events, and directing traffic during mass traffic floods; such as those following sporting and other civic events.
Every other year, Learning for Life hosts a National Law Enforcement Explorer Conference, which includes role-playing scenarios that law enforcement officers regularly encounter, seminars, and networking opportunities.[2]
Depending on the regional structure, explorers may compete several times annually. They perform the skills they have learned (such as traffic stops, building searches, marksmanship, arrests, etc.) usually in the form of scenarios. They are graded by judges against fellow explorers from the region, country, and sometimes world.
Explorers are eligible for awards and scholarships offered through Learning for Life, and through local and regional Explorer organizations.
Since the mid-1970s, there have been over 190 reported cases of police officers grooming, sexually abusing, or engaging in inappropriate behavior with Explorers, the vast majority of whom were underage girls.[3] Such incidents have occurred in at least 66 police departments.[4]
Investigation by the Marshall Project has revealed that lack of oversight is common in the program, and that in many cases, armed police officers are allowed to be alone with teenagers.[3] Learning for Life has created a set of rules governing the Explorer program, which includes a non-fraternization policy between officers (or "adult leaders") and Explorers.[5] However, it leaves oversight to individual departments.[6] There are no reported cases of Learning for Life revoking a police department's ability to operate an Explorer program over failed oversight leading to one or several incidents of sexual abuse.[6]
Boy Scouts of America hired Michael Johnson, a former detective, to be the national director of youth protection in 2010.[7] He became alarmed by the sexual abuse taking place in the Explorers program, and stated that, "[mentors] have these Explorers with them riding around at night and the officers do a nonexistent-to-poor job of maintaining clear boundaries."[3]
In 1996, John Ferraro, police officer and mentor in the Explorers program was accused of sexually abusing a 16-year-old girl. He died by suicide soon after the allegations surfaced, and in the note he left behind he wrote, "I'm not the only person who's having sex with a minor at the police department... They really need to tighten up the rules." An outside investigation sparked by the allegations against Ferraro revealed that 11 officers in the departments near St. Petersburg, Florida had sexually abused or raped Explorers in the previous ten years.[8]
Sergeant Vince Ariaz ran the Brownwood, Texas, Police Department's Explorer program in the 2000s. In 2004, a 15-year-old Explorer came forward and alleged that Ariaz had sexually abused her one night when they were at the station house alone. She also claimed that he had sent her text messages "bragging about the size of his penis and how he intended to use it on her."[9] Ariaz was not removed after the girl's report. In 2007 Ariaz began sexually abusing another 15-year-old Explorer. He was arrested after a Texas Ranger set up a hidden camera to catch Ariaz in the act of sexual abuse.[9] He was sentenced to 20 years in prison. The City of Brownwood paid the family of the victim $300,000 in a settlement.[10]
In 2024, former Explorers mentor and Stoughton Police Department detective Matthew Farwell was indicted on charges that he murdered former Explorer Sandra Birchmore and attempted to cover up her death by staging her suicide.[3][11] Birchmore joined the Explorers program at age 12. Farwell allegedly used his position as a mentor in the program to groom, sexually exploit, and eventually sexually abuse Birchmore from the age of 15 up until her death at age 23.[3][11] When Birchmore informed Farwell that she was pregnant with his child in 2021, the charges allege that he killed her and staged the scene as suicide by hanging.[3][11] The Office of the Chief Medical Examiner for Massachusetts originally ruled the cause of death a suicide. Subsequent pathologists and experts who reviewed Sandra Birchmore's autopsy report concluded that the findings were not consistent with the position the body was found in.[12] A 2022 internal investigation by Stoughton police found that two other officers involved in the Explorers program, including the veteran who ran the program, also sexually abused Birchmore.[3][11]
In 2000, Los Angeles City Council voted unanimously to disband the Los Angeles Police Department's Explorer Program due to the Scouts of America's policies (at the time) prohibiting homosexual, atheist, or agnostic members, which violated city laws preventing associations with businesses that discriminate.[13] The LAPD replaced their program with the Cadet Program in 2007.
In the 1971 Adam-12 episode "Pick-Up", a group of LAPD Explorers manage to apprehend a robbery suspect.
In an episode of Law and Order: Special Victims Unit, a member of the New York City Police Department Law Enforcement Explorers program jeopardizes, but then saves, a criminal case against a serial rapist.
In an episode of Blue Bloods, a group of NYPD Law Enforcement Explorers are seen attending presentations hosted by Frank and Jamie Reagan concerning the career of law enforcement.
In an episode of Chicago PD, Officer Roman talks to some youths about the Law Enforcement program. Officer Roman laters tells fellow officers that he started his law enforcement career in this program and it saved his life.