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Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism

Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism (or Proto-Aryan paganism) was the beliefs of the speakers of Proto-Indo-Iranian and includes topics such as the mythology, legendry, folk tales, and folk beliefs of early Indo-Iranian culture. By way of the comparative method, Indo-Iranian philologists, a variety of historical linguist, have proposed reconstructions of entities, locations, and concepts with various levels of security in early Indo-Iranian folklore and mythology (reconstructions are indicated by the presence of an asterisk). The present article includes both reconstructed forms and proposed motifs from the Proto-Indo-Iranian period, generally associated with the Sintashta culture (2050–1900 BCE).[1]

Divine beings

Location

Entities

Other

See also

Footnotes

  1. ^ The word baga is attested once in Old Avestan (possibly, but its interpretation remains unclear), and about ten times in the Young Avesta: baɣa- appears as an epithet for Ahura Mazda, the Moon and Miθra, while a compound hu-baɣa- refers to female deities.[3][4]

References

  1. ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2023). "Indo-European and Indo-Iranian Wagon Terminology and the Date of the Indo-Iranian Split". In Willerslev, Eske; Kroonen, Guus; Kristiansen, Kristian (eds.). The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited: Integrating Archaeology, Genetics, and Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 257–262. ISBN 978-1-009-26175-3. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yaj-.
  3. ^ Zimmer, Stefan (2010). "On Comparing Slavic and Celtic Theonyms, with Regard to Their Indo-European Background". Studia Celto-Slavica. 3: 8–9. doi:10.54586/OMVE4451. S2CID 244036366.
  4. ^ König, Götz (2016). "The Niyāyišn and the bagas (Brief comments on the so-called Xorde Avesta, 2)" (PDF). DABIR. 2 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1163/29497833-00201005.
  5. ^ Thieme, Paul. "Classical Literature". In: India, Pakistan, Ceylon. Edited by W. Norman Brown, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960, p. 75. https://doi.org/10.9783/9781512814866-014
  6. ^ Boyce, Mary (1996). "THE GODS OF PAGAN IRAN". In: A History of Zoroastrianism, The Early Period. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 57-58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004294004_003
  7. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008). Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Brill. p. 50. ISBN 978-90-04-15504-6.
  8. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. śarva-.
  9. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. dyáv-.
  10. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. agni-.
  11. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. nápāt-.
  12. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. arámati-.
  13. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ártharvan-.
  14. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vivásvant-.
  15. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vṛtrá-.
  16. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. usás-.
  17. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. índra-.
  18. ^ a b c d e Fournet 2010.
  19. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. kṛśā́nu-.
  20. ^ a b c d Lincoln 1975, pp. 134–136.
  21. ^ a b c d Frame, Douglas (2009). "Hippota Nestor - 3. Vedic". Center for Hellenic Studies. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019.
  22. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. pṛithvī́-.
  23. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. pisán-.
  24. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. śúsna-.
  25. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. tritá-.
  26. ^ a b Benveniste, Émile (1975). Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Émile Benveniste. Peeters Publishers. p. 61. ISBN 978-2-8017-0012-9.
  27. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. uśánā-.
  28. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vā́ta- and vāyú-.
  29. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yamá
  30. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. áśman-.
  31. ^ a b Orel 2003, p. 169.
  32. ^ a b Kroonen 2013, p. 220.
  33. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. devá-.
  34. ^ Čačava, Msia. "Dev" [Div]. In: Enzyklopädie des Märchens Online, edited by Rolf Wilhelm Brednich, Heidrun Alzheimer, Hermann Bausinger, Wolfgang Brückner, Daniel Drascek, Helge Gerndt, Ines Köhler-Zülch, Klaus Roth and Hans-Jörg Uther. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016 [1981]. p. 569. https://www-degruyter-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/database/EMO/entry/emo.3.099/html. Accessed 2023-01-16.
  35. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. devī́-.
  36. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gandharvá-.
  37. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ásura-.
  38. ^ Parpola, Asko (2015). The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization. Oxford University Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0190226923.
  39. ^ Blazek, Václav (2005). "Indo-Iranian elements in Fenno-Ugric mythological lexicon". Indogermanische Forschungen. 110 (1): 162. doi:10.1515/9783110185164.162.
  40. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. bhišáj-.
  41. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. dáś-.
  42. ^ a b c Lubotsky 2011, s.v. divyá-.
  43. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gav(i).
  44. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gír-.
  45. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. amśú-.
  46. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. āprī́-.
  47. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yajatá-.
  48. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yajñá-.
  49. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. íd-.
  50. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. īd-.
  51. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛ́si-.
  52. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛtá-.
  53. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛtā́van-.
  54. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hav-.
  55. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hótar-.
  56. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hótrā-.
  57. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. námas-.
  58. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. sóma-.
  59. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vájra-.
  60. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vandi-.
  61. ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. uśíj-.
  62. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vípra-.
  63. ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vratá-.

Bibliography

Further reading