Beliefs of Proto-Indo-Iranian speakers
Proto-Indo-Iranian paganism (or Proto-Aryan paganism) was the beliefs of the speakers of Proto-Indo-Iranian and includes topics such as the mythology, legendry, folk tales, and folk beliefs of early Indo-Iranian culture. By way of the comparative method, Indo-Iranian philologists, a variety of historical linguist, have proposed reconstructions of entities, locations, and concepts with various levels of security in early Indo-Iranian folklore and mythology (reconstructions are indicated by the presence of an asterisk). The present article includes both reconstructed forms and proposed motifs from the Proto-Indo-Iranian period, generally associated with the Sintashta culture (2050–1900 BCE).[1]
Divine beings
Location
Entities
Other
See also
Footnotes
- ^ The word baga is attested once in Old Avestan (possibly, but its interpretation remains unclear), and about ten times in the Young Avesta: baɣa- appears as an epithet for Ahura Mazda, the Moon and Miθra, while a compound hu-baɣa- refers to female deities.[3][4]
References
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2023). "Indo-European and Indo-Iranian Wagon Terminology and the Date of the Indo-Iranian Split". In Willerslev, Eske; Kroonen, Guus; Kristiansen, Kristian (eds.). The Indo-European Puzzle Revisited: Integrating Archaeology, Genetics, and Linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 257–262. ISBN 978-1-009-26175-3. Retrieved 2023-11-16.
- ^ a b c d e f Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yaj-.
- ^ Zimmer, Stefan (2010). "On Comparing Slavic and Celtic Theonyms, with Regard to Their Indo-European Background". Studia Celto-Slavica. 3: 8–9. doi:10.54586/OMVE4451. S2CID 244036366.
- ^ König, Götz (2016). "The Niyāyišn and the bagas (Brief comments on the so-called Xorde Avesta, 2)" (PDF). DABIR. 2 (1): 18–22. doi:10.1163/29497833-00201005.
- ^ Thieme, Paul. "Classical Literature". In: India, Pakistan, Ceylon. Edited by W. Norman Brown, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1960, p. 75. https://doi.org/10.9783/9781512814866-014
- ^ Boyce, Mary (1996). "THE GODS OF PAGAN IRAN". In: A History of Zoroastrianism, The Early Period. Leiden, The Netherlands: Brill. pp. 57-58. doi: https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004294004_003
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008). Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon. Brill. p. 50. ISBN 978-90-04-15504-6.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. śarva-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. dyáv-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. agni-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. nápāt-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. arámati-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ártharvan-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vivásvant-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vṛtrá-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. usás-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. índra-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. kṛśā́nu-.
- ^ a b c d Frame, Douglas (2009). "Hippota Nestor - 3. Vedic". Center for Hellenic Studies. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. pṛithvī́-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. pisán-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. śúsna-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. tritá-.
- ^ a b Benveniste, Émile (1975). Mélanges linguistiques offerts à Émile Benveniste. Peeters Publishers. p. 61. ISBN 978-2-8017-0012-9.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. uśánā-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vā́ta- and vāyú-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yamá
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. áśman-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. devá-.
- ^ Čačava, Msia. "Dev" [Div]. In: Enzyklopädie des Märchens Online, edited by Rolf Wilhelm Brednich, Heidrun Alzheimer, Hermann Bausinger, Wolfgang Brückner, Daniel Drascek, Helge Gerndt, Ines Köhler-Zülch, Klaus Roth and Hans-Jörg Uther. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 2016 [1981]. p. 569. https://www-degruyter-com.wikipedialibrary.idm.oclc.org/database/EMO/entry/emo.3.099/html. Accessed 2023-01-16.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. devī́-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gandharvá-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ásura-.
- ^ Parpola, Asko (2015). The Roots of Hinduism: The Early Aryans and the Indus Civilization. Oxford University Press. p. 114. ISBN 978-0190226923.
- ^ Blazek, Václav (2005). "Indo-Iranian elements in Fenno-Ugric mythological lexicon". Indogermanische Forschungen. 110 (1): 162. doi:10.1515/9783110185164.162.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. bhišáj-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. dáś-.
- ^ a b c Lubotsky 2011, s.v. divyá-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gav(i).
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. gír-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. amśú-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. āprī́-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yajatá-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. yajñá-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. íd-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. īd-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛ́si-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛtá-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. ṛtā́van-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hav-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hótar-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. hótrā-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. námas-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. sóma-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vájra-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vandi-.
- ^ a b c d e Lubotsky 2011, s.v. uśíj-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vípra-.
- ^ a b c d Lubotsky 2011, s.v. vratá-.
Bibliography
- Fournet, Arnaud (2010). "About the Mitanni Aryan gods". Journal of Indo-European Studies. 38 (1–2): 26–40.
- Lubotsky, Alexander (2011), "Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon", Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project, Brill.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992). Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen. Carl Winter. ISBN 3-533-03826-2.
Further reading
- Oberlies, Thomas (2024). "The Indo-Iranian Religion". The Religion of the Ṛgveda. Oxford: Oxford Academic. pp. 47–71. doi:10.1093/oso/9780192868213.003.0004. ISBN 978-0-19-286821-3. Accessed 23 Mar. 2024.
- Sadovski, Velizar (2023). "A Step Forward in Reaching toward the Indo-Iranian Background of the Avestan and Vedic Liturgies: On the Occasion of the Volume Aux sources des liturgies indo-iraniennes, éd. par Céline Redard, Juanjo Ferrer-Losilla, Hamid Moein & Philippe Swennen". Indo-Iranian Journal. 66 (2). Brill: 149–183. doi:10.1163/15728536-06602005. S2CID 259547451. Accessed 02 December 2023.