Ooshima Seishoen Sanatorium

Hospital in Kagawa, Japan

Ooshima Seishōen Sanatorium, or National Sanatorium Ooshima Seishōen is a sanatorium for leprosy or ex-leprosy patients, situated in a small island called Ooshima, Takamatsu-shi, Kagawa-ken, Japan which was established in 1909.

History

Background

• The Japanese Government promulgated the first leprosy prevention law on March 19, 1907, but it became effective on April 1, 1909 because of financial difficulties. Japan was divided into 5 areas, and the fourth area included Shimane Prefecture, Okayama Prefecture, Hiroshima Prefecture, Yamaguchi Prefecture, Tokushima Prefecture, Kagawa Prefecture, Ehime Prefecture and Kōchi Prefecture. In this area, Kagawa Prefecture was selected as the site of the sanatorium.
• Two main reasons for the leprosy prevention law were, 1)foreigners who came into Japan after the Meiji Restoration（1868), were very much surprised to find wandering leprosy patients in Japan, and 2) the Japanese Government was worried about the considerable number of leprosy patients among those who were examined for the drafts at age 20.^[1]

Ooshima Seishoen

• Apr 1, 1909: Prefectural Ooshima Leprosarium was established in a small island 8 km off from the port of Takamatsu.
• 1910:Prefectural Ooshima Sanatorium.
• July 1, 1941:National Leprosarium Ooshima Seishoen.
• Nov, 1946:National Sanatorium Ooshima Seisoen.
• Apr 1947:"Patient Comfort Money" started.jthis was changed to "Patient Salary Money" in 1971, which was equivalent to the National Pension for Handicapped Grade 1.
• 1948:Promin treatment started.
• 1961:Aid work by patients began to be transferred to employees.
• Apr 1996:The 1953 Leprosy Prevention Law was abolished.
• Jul 1998: The trial for compensation started.
• May 11, 2001: The trial for compensation ruled that the previous Leprosy Prevention was unconstitutional.
• May 25, 2001: The trial for compensation was confirmed. The compensation of 8,000,000 yen to 14,000,000 yen was given to patients depending on the duration of unconstitutional periods.

The Number of Patients

• The number of in-patients is the sum of patients which changed not only by the newly diagnosed hospitalized and those who died among in-patients, by other factors such as the number of patients who escaped or were discharged, depending on the condition of the times. Recently they were encouraged to be discharged, but the long period of the segregation policy causing leprosy stigma might influence the number of those who went into the society.^[2]

References

1. Japan Leprosy History (1993) Shun-Ichi Yama moto University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo
2. Fukken Eno Jitsugetsu (2001)　Zenkoku　Hansenbyo　Ryouyousho Nyuushosha　Kyougikai, Koyo Shuppansha Tokyo
3. "ハンセン病のリンク集｜国立ハンセン病療養所｜療養所別トピクス". Archived from the original on 2009-06-23. Retrieved 2012-10-09. Libell's statistics

34°24′34″N 134°06′25″E / 34.40944°N 134.10694°E / 34.40944; 134.10694