Neosebastinae, the gurnard scorpionfishes or gurnard perches, is a small subfamily of deep-sea ray-finned fishes, it is part of the family Scorpaenidae. These fishes are found in the Indian and Pacific oceans. Several of the species in this family are venomous.
Neosebastinae, or the family Neosebastidae, were first described as a taxon by the Japanese ichthyologist Kiyomatsu Matsubara in 1943.[1] The grouping is treated as a subfamily of the Scorpaenidae within the order Scorpaeniformes by the 5th Edition of Fishes of the World.[2] However, other authorities, such as FishBase, regard the taxon as a family within the suborder Scorpaenoidei, part of the Perciformes.[3] The family name is derived from the genus name Neosebastes which is a compound of neo meaning "new" and Sebastes, as, when he coined the name, Alphonse Guichenot thought that the new genus was closely related to or was a subgenus of the genus Sebastes.[4]
There are two genera which are classified in the Neosebastinae:[3]
Neosebastinae, the gurnard perches, have a prominent head with large eyes and a large mouth. There are strong bony ridges and spines on the head and cheeks. Much of the body and head are covered in rough ctenoid scales. They have 13 long and robust venom bearing spines in the dorsal fin and 6-8 soft rays.[5] They vary in size from a maximum total length of 50 cm (20 in) in the bighead gurnard perch (Neosebastes pandus) down to a maximum total length of 7 cm (2.8 in) in Whitley's gurnard perch (Maxillicosta whitleyi).[3]
Neosebastinae se encuentran en el Océano Índico oriental y el Océano Pacífico occidental, donde tienen una distribución antiecuatorial en aguas templadas y subtropicales a ambos lados del ecuador. Son peces bentónicos que viven sobre sustratos blandos y se alimentan de pequeños peces y crustáceos. [5] Son ovíparos y, al menos en N. pandus, las hembras son más grandes que los machos y las hembras más grandes tienen mayor fecundidad, [6]