Cornwall is a unitary authority and ceremonial county of England in the United Kingdom. At the 2011 census it had a population of 532,000.[1] Cornwall is the homeland of the Cornish people, and many within Cornwall identify with a Cornish ethnic or national identity, although, due to Cornwall's political status as part of England and the United Kingdom, as well as in-migration from other parts of the UK and EU, additional identities such as English, British, and European may also be adopted.
In the 2021 census, the following results were given for ethnic identity.[2]
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for national identity.[1] "Cornish" was not provided as a tickbox on the census form, which it has been argued results in an undercount of Cornish national identity, although it was allocated a separate category in the results.
Overall, most people in Cornwall identify as having no Cornish identity.[3]
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for country of birth:[1]
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for household languages other than English:[3]
Overall, 98% of people in Cornwall aged 16 or over have English as their main language.[3]
Cornwall has the 4th-highest proportion of people who say they are pagan in England and Wales.
In the 2021 census, the following results were given for religion:[4]
Among those with 'Other religion', the following results were given:[4]
Results combined into 'other' include Humanist, Spiritual, Wicca, Taoist, Druid, Rastafarian, Pantheneismm Baha’i, own belief system, believe in God, Satanism, Witchcraft, Heathen, Animism, Shamanism, Scientology, Universalist, Deist, Theism, New Age, Shinto, Zoroastrian, Occult, Eckankar, Mysticism, Traditional African Religion, Ravidassia, Church of all religion, reconstructionist, Thelemite, Vodun, Confucianist, Jain, Native American Church, Unification Church, Brhama Kumari, Chinese Religion and Druze.
At the 2011 census, the results for the following religions changed:
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for personal health and wellbeing:[3]
Most people in Cornwall identify their health as 'good' but the proportion of those in good health is slightly lower than the national average (at 81.2%). The proportion of those identifying their health as 'bad' was similar to those over the whole of the England and Wales (5.6%).[3]
At the 2011 census, 50% of Cornwall's population were married.[3]
The following results were given for marital status:[3]
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for questions relating to household composition:[3]
The average household size is 2.3 people per household which is in line with the England and Wales average.
The average number of rooms per household (including kitchens, living areas, bedrooms, utility rooms, studies and conservatories) is 5.6. The average number of bedrooms per household is 2.8.
Cornwall's proportion of overcrowded households (where there are fewer rooms than inhabitants) has increased from 5.0% at the 2001 census to 5.8% at the 2011 census. It is, however, much lower than the England and Wales average (at 8.5%).
A household is classified as having central heating if it is present in some or all rooms, whether used or not.
7% of Cornwall's households are without central heating, which is significantly down from 18% of households in 2001 but much higher than the average over England and Wales of 2.7%. Cornwall has the 4th highest percentage of households without central heating in England and Wales.
Cars and vans counted are any that are owned or available for use by one or more members of a household. This can include company cars or vans that are available for private use but not any cars or vans belonging to visitors. It does not include motorbikes or scooters.
At the 2011 census, there were 310,474 cars and vans in Cornwall equating to a car or van for every 1.7 people in Cornwall.
In Cornwall, 17.3% of households did not have access to a car or van. This was a decrease from the 2001 census where 20.0% of households in Cornwall were without access to a car or van.
The following results were given for questions on travelling to work:
In the 2011 census, the following results were given for questions relating to qualifications:[3]
In 2011, 110,518 people in Cornwall (25% of the population) aged 16–74 were qualified to NVQ4 level or above. This was slightly below the averages for the South West (27.4%) and England and Wales (27.2%) but was a notable increase from the 2001 census where 15.8% of the population had NVQ4 or higher.
17.4% of Cornwall's population aged 16–74 (76,782 people) were only qualified to NVQ2. This is slightly higher than the averages for the South West (16.4%) and for England and Wales (15.3%) although the proportion of people with only NVQ2 level qualifications has decreased from the 2001 census figure of 22.1%.
22.4% of Cornwall's population aged 16–74 (99,237 people) have no academic or professional qualifications. This is higher than the South West average (20.7%) but lower than the average for England and Wales (22.7%). The proportion of people in Cornwall without qualifications has decreased from the 2001 census figure of 29.0%.
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