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4086 Podalirius

4086 Podalirius /pɒdəˈlɪriəs/ is a large Jupiter trojan from the Greek camp, approximately 86 kilometers (53 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 9 November 1985, by Soviet astronomer Lyudmila Zhuravleva at the Crimean Astrophysical Observatory in Nauchnij, on the Crimean peninsula.[1] The assumed C-type asteroid belongs to the 40 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 10.43 hours.[4] It was named after the legendary healer Podalirius from Greek mythology.[1]

Orbit and classification

Podalirius is a dark Jovian asteroid orbiting in the leading Greek camp at Jupiter's L4 Lagrangian point, 60° ahead of its orbit in a 1:1 resonance (see Trojans in astronomy). It is also a non-family asteroid in the Jovian background population.[6][14] It orbits the Sun at a distance of 4.6–5.9 AU once every 12 years and 1 month (4,406 days; semi-major axis of 5.26 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.12 and an inclination of 22° with respect to the ecliptic.[3]

The body's observation arc begins with its first observation as 1951 XE1 at McDonald Observatory in December 1951, nearly 34 years prior to its official discovery observation at Nauchnij.[1]

Physical characteristics

Podalirius is an assumed C-type asteroid, the most common spectral type among Jupiter trojans after the D-types.[4]

Rotation period

In May 1991, a rotational lightcurve of Podalirius was obtained by Stefano Mottola and Maria Gonano–Beurer using the ESO 1-metre telescope at La Silla Observatory in northern Chile. Lightcurve analysis gave a typical rotation period of 10.43 hours with a brightness variation of 0.13 magnitude (U=2+).[4][10]

In November 2008, photometric follow-up observations by Robert Stephens at his Goat Mountain Astronomical Research Station (G79) gave a divergent period of 14.51 hours and a low amplitude of 0.08 (U=2),[12] while in March 2013, Mottola's original result was confirmed by astronomers at the Palomar Transient Factory, California, measuring a period 10.436 hours and a brightness variation of 0.16 magnitude in the R-band (U=2).[4][11]

Diameter and albedo

According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite, the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Podalirius measures between 85.49 and 86.89 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.050 and 0.056.[7][8][9] The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0536 and a diameter of 86.89 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 9.1.[4]

100+ largest Jupiter trojans

Naming

This minor planet was named from Greek mythology after the legendary healer Podalirius, who stopped a pestilence during the Trojan War as mentioned in Homer's Iliad. Podalirius is the son of Asclepius and Epione and brother of Hygieia, Machaon (who was also a physician) and Panacea.[1]

The official naming citation was published by the Minor Planet Center on 4 June 1993 (M.P.C. 22246).[15]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h "4086 Podalirius (1985 VK2)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  2. ^ Noah Webster (1884) A Practical Dictionary of the English Language
  3. ^ a b c d "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 4086 Podalirius (1985 VK2)" (2018-05-19 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i "LCDB Data for (4086) Podalirius". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  5. ^ "List of Jupiter Trojans". Minor Planet Center. 30 May 2018. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  6. ^ a b c "Asteroid (4086) Podalirius – Proper elements". AstDyS-2, Asteroids – Dynamic Site. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  7. ^ a b c d Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Bauer, J. M.; Masiero, J. R.; Nugent, C. R. (November 2012). "WISE/NEOWISE Observations of the Jovian Trojan Population: Taxonomy". The Astrophysical Journal. 759 (1): 10. arXiv:1209.1549. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759...49G. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/759/1/49. S2CID 119101711. (online catalog)
  8. ^ a b c d Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. (online, AcuA catalog p. 153)
  9. ^ a b c d Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System – IRAS-A-FPA-3-RDR-IMPS-V6.0. 12: IRAS–A–FPA–3–RDR–IMPS–V6.0. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 15 June 2018.
  10. ^ a b Mottola, Stefano; Di Martino, Mario; Erikson, Anders; Gonano-Beurer, Maria; Carbognani, Albino; Carsenty, Uri; et al. (May 2011). "Rotational Properties of Jupiter Trojans. I. Light Curves of 80 Objects". The Astronomical Journal. 141 (5): 32. Bibcode:2011AJ....141..170M. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/141/5/170.
  11. ^ a b c Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. S2CID 8342929.
  12. ^ a b Stephens, Robert D. (April 2009). "Asteroids Observed from GMARS and Santana Observatories". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 36 (2): 59–62. Bibcode:2009MPBu...36...59S. ISSN 1052-8091.
  13. ^ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. S2CID 53493339.
  14. ^ "Asteroid 4086 Podalirius". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 12 June 2018.
  15. ^ "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 12 June 2018.

External links