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2-Nitropropane

2-Nitropropane (2-NP) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CH(NO2). It is used as a solvent.[4] It is a colorless liquid and is classified as a nitro compound.

Preparation

2-Nitropropane is produced by the high-temperature vapor-phase nitration of propane, usually with impurities of 1-nitropropane. 2-Nitropropane is also produced as a volatile by-product that can be captured during Leonard's ring-closure hydantoin preparation.[5]

Uses

2-Nitropropane is used as a solvent or additive in inks, paints, adhesives, varnishes, polymers, resins, fuel, and coatings.[6] It is also used as a feedstock for other industrial chemicals,[6] and also in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals such as phentermine, chlorphentermine, and teclozan. It serves as an oxidant in the Hass–Bender oxidation process.

Safety

2-Nitropropane is a constituent of tobacco smoke.[7] Based on studies in animals, it is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen[6] and it is listed as an IARC Group 2B carcinogen.[8]

References

  1. ^ a b Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
  2. ^ a b c d e f NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0460". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  3. ^ a b "2-Nitropropane". Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health Concentrations (IDLH). National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH).
  4. ^ Markofsky, S. B. (2000). "Nitro Compounds, Aliphatic". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Weinheim: Wiley-VCH. doi:10.1002/14356007.a17_401.pub2. ISBN 978-3527306732.
  5. ^ M. J. Leonard; A. R. Lingham; J. O. Niere; N. R. C. Jackson; P. G. McKay; H. M. Hϋgel (6 Mar 2014). "Alternative synthesis of the anti-baldness compound RU58841" (PDF). RSC Advances. 4 (27): 14143–14148. Bibcode:2014RSCAd...414143L. doi:10.1039/c4ra00332b. S2CID 55586351.
  6. ^ a b c "2-Nitropropane". Report on Carcinogens (PDF) (Report) (Twelfth ed.). National Toxicology Program, Department of Health and Human Services. 2011. p. 300. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-01-20. Retrieved 2012-06-13.
  7. ^ Talhout, Reinskje; Schulz, Thomas; Florek, Ewa; Van Benthem, Jan; Wester, Piet; Opperhuizen, Antoon (2011). "Hazardous Compounds in Tobacco Smoke". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 8 (12): 613–628. doi:10.3390/ijerph8020613. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 3084482. PMID 21556207.
  8. ^ "Agents Classified by the IARC Monographs" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-25. Retrieved 2012-06-13.